Abstract: A device for introducing dust into a molten bath of a pyrometallurgical installation is provided. An electrodeless plasma torch includes an essentially tubular housing, wherein the housing allows a passage of a carrier gas containing dust particles, and wherein the housing is coaxially surrounded by an inductive load coil which forms a heating zone.

Abstract: In a method and a device for controlling a carbon monoxide output of an electric arc oven, comprising an oven container, an arrangement for determining a height of a foamed slag in at least three zones of the oven container on the basis of a solid-borne sound measurement, at least one first device for controlling an oxygen infeed, and at least one second device for controlling a carbon infeed into the oven container, the height of the foamed slag is determined in each of the at least three zones and associated with a carbon monoxide content in the exhaust gas of the electric arc oven, wherein the carbon infeed and/or the oxygen infeed in at least one of the at least three zones is controlled such that the height of the foamed slag is maintained below a maximum value.

Abstract: A method for introducing dust into a molten bath of a pyrometallurgical installation is described. According to the method, a carrier gas containing dust particles is guided through a heating zone of an electrode less plasma torch, the gas being converted to a plasma by inductive heating prior to being blown into a region of the installation which receives the molten bath.

Abstract: A method for smelting steel scrap in a furnace is described, a working gas being blown into the furnace via a flow channel in order to supply melting energy and being guided through at least one electrodeless plasma torch, the plasma being produced by at least one inductive heating coil that coaxially encloses the flow channel and forms a heating zone. Further a melting furnace with at least one heating device that extends through a wall of the furnace is described, for supplying melting energy. The heating device has a tubular body which encloses a flow channel. A longitudinal section of the tubular body is configured as an electrodeless plasma torch, said torch having an inductive heating coil that coaxially encloses the flow channel and forms a heating zone.

Abstract: A method for introducing dust into a molten bath of a pyrometallurgical installation is described. According to the method, a carrier gas containing dust particles is guided through a heating zone of an electrode less plasma torch, the gas being converted to a plasma by inductive heating prior to being blown into a region of the installation which receives the molten bath.

Abstract: In a method for operating an arc furnace (2) with at least one electrode (3a, 3b, 3c), a solid material fed to the arc furnace (1) is melted by an arc (1) formed by the at least one electrode (3a, 3b, 3c). A measurement (MM) for the mass of one part of the solid material arranged on a boundary (2) of the arc furnace (1) is determined, and using the determined measurement (MM), a process variable of the arc furnace (1) is controlled and/or regulated. A method which can reduce the risk of electrode damage caused by metal scraps falling into the treated area is provided.

Abstract: In a method, a variable characterising an operational state of an electrode of an arc furnace can be determined. An electrode flow guided to the electrode is detected in the method and the structure-borne noise oscillations are detected. From the detected electrode flow, a flow evaluation signal associated with the frequency range of the detected electrode flow is determined. From the detected structure-borne noise oscillations, an oscillation evaluation signal that is associated with a frequency range of the detected structure-borne noise oscillations is detected and a quotient from the oscillation evaluation signal and the flow evaluation signal is formed as a radiation measurement for at least one frequency common to the detected electrode flow and the detected structure-borne noise oscillation.

Abstract: In a method for determining the size and shape value (M) for a solid material (S), in particular scrap metal, in an arc furnace (1), an electrode flow fed to an electrode (3a, 3b, 3c) for forming an arc furnace (L) between the electrode (3a, 3b, 3c) and the solid (S) is measured (30) and from the measured electrode flow (I (t)), an effective measurement value of the electrode flow is determined (31) and from the measured electrode flow (I (t)) (32), a flow part associated with a frequency range of the measured electrode flow is determined (32), and a quotient of the flow part and an effective measurement value is formed as a measurement of the shape and size value of the flow (M). Thus, a method is provided that enables a property of a fusible element introduced into one of the arc furnaces to be determined.

Abstract: In a method for determining a state variable of an electric arc furnace, especially for determining the level of the foamed slag (15) in a furnace, the energy supplied to the furnace is determined with the aid of at least one electric sensor while solid-borne noise is measured in the form of oscillations on the furnace. The state variable is determined by a transfer function which is determined by evaluating the measured oscillations and evaluating measured data of the electric sensor. The state of the foamed slag level can thus be reliably recognized and be monitored over time. The foamed slag level is decisive for the effectiveness with which energy is fed into the furnace. Furthermore, losses caused by radiation are reduced by covering the arc with the foamed slag. The improved measuring method allows the foamed slag level to be automatically controlled or regulated in a reliable manner.

Abstract: In a method and a device for utilizing heat transported by a discontinuous flow of exhaust gases (1), the discontinuous flow of exhaust gases (1) is emitted in phases (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5) with, in each case, constant output values for volume flowing (Va) and temperature (Ta) from an industrial installation, particularly an industrial furnace, wherein the discontinuous flow of exhaust gases (1) is converted into a continuous working flow (2) with adjustable, constant target values for the volume flowing (Vz) and the temperature (Tz). The continuous working flow (2), with the heat contained therein, is used for the conversion of thermal energy into useful energy.

Abstract: A device for controlling an arc furnace installation has an automatic controller (3) wherein a functional unit (6) for furnace control, a functional unit (7) for electrode control and a functional unit (8) for melting control are integrated in the controller (3).

Abstract: In a method of regulating the output of CO in steel production, oxygen is introduced into a melt to remove carbon present, the actual value of the carbon stream evolved from the melt is determined, the intended value of the evolved carbon stream derived from the amount of oxygen introduced and the carbon content of the melt is calculated, intended and actual values are compared with one another and if the actual value is below the intended value, measures for preventing boiling are undertaken.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for predicting and controlling the castability of liquid steel. According to said method, the chemical composition of a melt to be cast is analyzed, an alloy calculation is carried out, alloy elements and/or additions are determined in order to obtain defined material characteristics of the steel, and operating diagrams are drawn up for further treatment of the melt. The interactions of the alloy and/or addition elements, which influence the castability, are taken into account during the alloy calculation as supplemental conditions.

Abstract: In a method for determining a dividedness and/or position of a batch material (7) existing essentially in the solid phase in an arc furnace (1) having a furnace vessel (2), acoustic signals (Ne, Ng, Nd) are generated by an arc discharge (6) between an electrode (3a, 3b, 3c) and the batch material (7). The acoustic signals (Ne, Ng, Nd) reflected and/or transmitted through by the batch material (7) are measured by acoustic sensors (5a, 5b, 5c, 5e, 5g, 5h, 5s, 5t), wherein at least one acoustic sensor (5a, 5b, 5c, 5e, 5g, 5h, 5s, 5t) is provided per segment (Sn) of the furnace vessel (2) subdivided into a plurality of segments (Sn), and wherein the dividedness and/or position of the batch material (7) in the arc furnace (1) is determined by evaluating the measured acoustic signals (Ne, Ng, Nd).

Abstract: In a method for determining a state variable of an electric arc furnace, especially for determining the level of the foamed slag (15) in a furnace, the energy supplied to the furnace is determined with the aid of at least one electric sensor while solid-borne noise is measured in the form of oscillations on the furnace. The state variable is determined by a transfer function which is determined by evaluating the measured oscillations and evaluating measured data of the electric sensor. The state of the foamed slag level can thus be reliably recognized and be monitored over time. The foamed slag level is decisive for the effectiveness with which energy is fed into the furnace. Furthermore, losses caused by radiation are reduced by covering the arc with the foamed slag. The improved measuring method allows the foamed slag level to be automatically controlled or regulated in a reliable manner.

Abstract: In a method for regulating the melting process in an electric-arc furnace (1) which contains a furnace charge (4) containing the following temporally successive principal phases: melt, slag, solid, the proportion and temperature of at least the melt phase are calculated by a model (3). The model (3) embodied as a multispatial model for the different phases of the furnace charge (4), enables to include the physical effect according to which the temperature (TM) of the overheated melt decreases shortly before the complete dissolution of the remainder of the solid, in spite of the energy supply. Moreover, this effect is counteracted in that the electrical and/or chemical energy input is temporarily increased in a targeted manner. The modelling enables the real temperature profile (TM) of the melt to be represented, thus also improving the predictability of the tapping temperature. The number of temperature measurements required is, thus, reduced.

Abstract: A method for operating an electric-arc furnace with at least one electrode has one tapping method step. At the beginning of the tapping step, the energy supply to the at least one electrode (2) of the electric-arc furnace (1) is not stopped and the energy is still supplied to the at least one electrode (2) even during the tapping step. The step can begin before the traditional operating methods of an electric-arc furnace (1). This saves time, reduces the consumption of electrodes and energy, and also increases productivity. The desired energy content of the raw steel (8) is secured by the pre-calculation of the alteration of the energy content of the melt (4) during the tapping step and the danger of over-heating is compensated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for predicting and controlling the castability of liquid steel. According to said method, the chemical composition of a melt to be cast is analysed, an alloy calculation is carried out, alloy elements and/or additions are determined in order to obtain defined material characteristics of the steel, and operating diagrams are drawn up for further treatment of the melt. The interactions of the alloy and/or addition elements, which influence the castability, are taken into account during the alloy calculation as supplemental conditions.