Abstract: A PVD system comprises a hollow cathode magnetron with a capability of producing a high magnetic field for PVD and a low magnetic field for pasting. The high magnetic field is used for PVD and causes an optimal uniform film to form on a substrate but redeposits some metals onto a top portion of a target within the magnetron. The low magnetic field erodes redeposited materials from a top portion of a target within the magnetron.

Abstract: A PVD system comprises a hollow cathode magnetron with a downstream plasma control mechanism. The magnetron has a hollow cathode with a non-planar target and at least one electromagnetic coil to generate and maintain a plasma within the cathode. The magnetron also has an anode located between the cathode and a downstream plasma control mechanism. The control mechanism comprises a first, second and third electromagnetic coil beneath a mouth of the target, vertically spaced so as to form a tapered magnetic convergent lens between the target mouth and a pedestal of the magnetron.

Abstract: An antenna of the wireless LAN card includes a body with an antenna on one side, a connecting base is on one side of the external wireless LAN card, a pivot pin is on top of the connecting base; a cross pivot wraps the pivot pin. The cross pivot composes of a tube with a pintle on both sides. A ball tip is on the bottom of the antenna, a hole is inside the ball tip, a joint hole each is on both sides of the hole. The two pintles of the cross pivot are inserted into the joint hole of the ball tip of the antenna. The structure makes the direction of the antenna of the wireless LAN card adjustable for best signal transmission and receiving result.