Abstract: A twin-roll type continuous casting apparatus comprises a pair of rotatable drums and a pair of side dams disposed on both axial ends of the drums so that a pool of molten steel is defined by the drums and the side dams. As the drums are rotated in counter directions, the molten steel is cooled so that the molten steel is partially solidified to form solidification shells which are then pressure-bonded to each other as they pass through the narrowest gap defined between the drums, so that a steel sheet is formed by continuous casting. The side dam is composed of a side refractory part which functions to maintain the pool of molten steel and a metallic member which supports the side refractory part and which serves as a cooling plate for cooling the steel.

Abstract: A continuous steel hot-rolling method and apparatus for successively bonding a plurality of steel pieces of a predetermined length and maintained at a high temperature so as to form a continuous train of the steel pieces for roll by a rolling mill. The apparatus includes a holding device for holding a trailing end of a preceding steel piece and a leading end of a succeeding steel piece. A device is provided for shearing the ends of the steel pieces while the ends are held by the holding device. A device heats the sheared trailing end of the preceding steel piece and the sheared leading end of the succeeding steel piece to a predetermined temperature, with a device being provided for driving at least one of the preceding and following steel pieces along a travel path of the steel pieces to press and bond the heated trailing end surface of the preceding steel piece and the heated leading end surface of the succeeding steel piece.

Abstract: A pair of rotating rolls cool the molten metal to form a solidified shell on the surface thereof and compress the solidified shells to produce a metal sheet. A number of bearing boxes are disposed in a housing for rotatably supporting the respective ends of the rolls, and a rigid member is disposed between the bearing boxes in the housing. A prestress or initial force is applied to the rigid member through the bearing box, and a controller regulates the rotating speed of a drive in order to control the separating force occurring at a compression of the solidified shells by the rolls. By controlling the separating force, a leakage of the molten metal is prevented and a sheet metal having a uniform thickness is continuously obtained.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for controlling a rolling mill which dampens a snake motion of a material being rolled is disclosed. According to this method and apparatus, an amount corresponding to the snake motion of the material being rolled is detected, and the value thus detected is added to a value corresponding to a differentiated value of said detected value. A control operation is applied to the material being rolled to thereby control the snake motion of the material.

Abstract: A belt type continuous casting machine having a container for accommodating molten steel therein, a nozzle for supplying the molten steel from the container, a belt mold having a pair of metal belts and a pair of side members, and a cooling pad positioned adjacent to the back surface of the metal belt for forming a gap acting as a water film portion therebetween. The cooling pad is provided with a plurality of inlet ports and outlet ports for enabling a flow of cooling water into the water film portion therethrough. The diameters of these ports and the vertical distance between the inlet port and the adjacent outlet port are varied for controlling fluid pressure in the water film portion in correspondence with an external load acting on the metal belt. By securing a desired water film thickness deformation of the belt mold is prevented, and a flat cast slab with a good surface is obtained.

Abstract: A belt-converging type continuous casting apparatus for the continuous production of sheet bar-like cast sheet, wherein a casting space is defined by a combination of a pair of metal belts for supporting broad side planes of the cast sheet arranged opposite to each other with circulatedly moving, and a pair of tapered fixed-type side plates for supporting narrow-side planes of the cast sheet each disposed between the metal belts in intimate contact therewith, and is characterized in that the shape of the side plate is designed so as to satisfy the following relations:d=5-300 mm,D.gtoreq.60 mm,D/d.ltoreq.16,.theta..ltoreq.30.degree..theta.=tan.sup.-1 (D-d/Hto thereby prevent the occurrence of defects in the side planes of the cast sheet, while the metal belt is selected so as to satisfy the following relations:Sy.gtoreq.10,500 t/Dr,0.4.ltoreq.t.ltoreq.2.

Abstract: In a continuous galvanizing line, oscillation of a steel strip withdrawn from a molten zinc metal bath is prevented by anti-vibration magnets disposed in the vicinity of the respective side edges of the steel strip. The magnets cause tension in the strip in a direction of strip width and amplitude of the oscillation of the strip perpendicular to the strip surfaces is reduced. Also, by magnetic force of the magnet, bending of the running strip is cured and uniform coating is obtained. A gap between the magnet and the strip side edge is automatically controlled by detecting the gap continuously.

Abstract: For decreasing the width of a thin slab: a turning roll contacts the thin slab being conveyed at a certain contact angle to curve the thin slab; a tension applying device disposed in front and at the back of the turning roll, applys a tension to the thin slab forwardly and rearwardly in the direction of conveyance of the slab. Thus, the slab can be decreased in its width to a satisfactory section with no buckling loop forming portions for forming loops of the hot thin slab at the inlet and the outlet sides of the apparatus for decreasing the width of the thin slab absorb the intermittent proceeding of the hot thin slab in the direction of flow of the material. Thus, the continuous receipt and the delivery of the slab are made possible while the intermittent width decrease is performed, and the combination of the continuous casting equipment with the hot finish rolling equipment is materialized.

Abstract: A cooling pad for use in a continuous casting apparatus for the production of cast sheets. The pad is provided with plural water supply and discharge holes satisfying the particular relations on the arrangement thereof. By using such a cooling pad, a filmy cooling water flow is uniformly and stably formed in the casting.

Abstract: A continuous casting apparatus for the production of cast sheets having a casting space defined by a pair of opposed endless belts and a pair of side plates arranged near the side edge portions of the belts while being brought into intimate contact therewith and designed to be converged toward a drawing direction. In this apparatus, a filmy water flow-forming pad arranged behind each of the belts, and each of the side plates are so profiled that the casting space inclusive of the tapered portion depicts a smooth curve at at least a transition area from the taper end portion to a constant thickness portion.

Abstract: A press type method of reducing the slab width wherein a slab as a rolling stock is reduced in width before rolling comprises: employing as press tools a pair of opposed members at least one of which has an inclined press surface adapted to vibrate in the slab width direction; and moving the slab substantially continuously while continuing the vibration of the press tool. Also disclosed is an apparatus suitably employed for the above method. By the method and apparatus, the clearance between the press tools is reduced to make it possible to shorten the operating time as a whole. In addition, the pressed surfaces of the slab are made excellent in continuity thereby to permit improvements also in formability and production yield.

Abstract: The continuous sheet metal casting device of this invention has a mold which comprises: a pair of flexible top and bottom belts traveling along with the sheet metal being cast; and a pair of side belts traveling together with the sheet metal, a part of the side belts being held between the top and the bottom belts, the other part being located on the side of one of the top and bottom belts with respect to the sheet metal. With this construction it is possible to elongate the width of the side belts without affecting the bending stress acting on the side belts and regardless of the thickness of the sheet metal. The greater width of the side belts thus obtained results in improved adhesion between the top and bottom belts and the side belts, thereby preventing the leakage of molten metal from the mold.

Abstract: A rolling mill comprises working rolls, backup rolls, beams disposed along the rolls for supporting the working rolls, and supports mounted on the housing of the rolling mill for slidably supporting the beams. The beams have roll benders engaging with metal chocks of the working rolls and are moved axially by actuators that are disposed separately, so as to control the shape of a rolled material. The support has a central projection extending beyond the position of the roll bender and supporting symmetrically the bending force without providing a moment about the axis of the beam. The beam, further, is provided with apparatus inside for cooling the work rolls.

Abstract: A continuous casting method in which molten metal is continuously poured into a moving mould cavity formed between a rotary casting wheel having a peripheral casting groove and a moving belt partially covering the peripheral casting groove. The cast billet which has been solidified at least outer surfaces thereof is continuously pulled out from the moving mould cavity by means of pinch rollers which are rotated at a peripheral speed greater than that of the rotary casting wheel.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing thin metal sheet by applying molten metal onto the peripheral surface of a rotary drum through a molten metal applying nozzle, and allowing the molten metal to be cooled and solidified on the peripheral surface of the drum. The molten metal applying nozzle is so disposed in relation to the rotary drum that the molten metal is applied upwardly to the peripheral surface of the rotary drum and that the direction of application of the molten metal intersects the peripheral surface of the rotary drum. This arrangement permits an easy setting of the nozzle in relation to the drum, as well as control of application of the molten metal, to make it possible to produce thin metal sheets of a large variety of thickness and high qualities, at an increased precision and production efficiency.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for rolling a rolled material widthwise thereof wherein the rolled material in the form of a flat metal which may be a slab of metal having a large width as contrasted with the thickness has its lengthwise end portion shaped by compression working while the rolled material remains stationary in such a manner that the lengthwise end portion is formed with a progressively reducing width portion in which the width is progressively reduced in going toward the end of the rolled material, and a uniform width portion contiguous with the progressively reducing width portion and having a width equal to the minimum width of the progressively reducing width portion between its end contiguous with the progressively reducing width portion and the end of the rolled material. Thereafter, the rolled material is subjected to widthwise rolling, whereby the fishtail produced at the end of the rolled material can be greatly diminished.

Abstract: A continuous casting apparatus includes a mold defined by a pair of side plates in a curved shape or ring-shaped rotary members and a pair of endless belts. One of the belts is inscribed in the side plates or the ring-shaped rotary members. The other belt is circumscribed with the side plates or the ring-shaped rotary members. The belts rotate in synchronism with the cast piece. On the rear surfaces of the belts, there are provided means for supporting and cooling the mold and cast piece.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for cooling and guiding a strip of metal discharged from a casting mold into a straightening section of a continuous casting machine in which a casting wheel is provided with a peripheral groove with a portion of its length closed by an endless belt to form the casting mold. A surface of the metal strip on the side of the casting wheel is cooled by a sheet of liquid coolant which flows on the surface and guided by a hydrostatic bearing of the liquid coolant while the metal strip is gradually straightened.

Abstract: A continuous casting machine comprising a tundish for pouring molten metal to be cast into a mould, a mould for cooling the supplied molten metal into a billet in a semi-solidified state to be withdrawn downward, and a cooling guide provided immediately beneath the mould and promoting the cooling of the billet emerging from the mould, said cooling guide consisting of cooling guide blocks each urged against each corner of the billet via a spring and having cooling medium intervening between each block and corresponding billet corner.

Abstract: A method for treatment of an aluminum substrate which comprises passing a direct electric current through the aluminum substrate having a colored surface caused by the formation of a film of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.nH.sub.2 O thereon as the anode in an electrolyte solution so as to remove the said coloring.