Abstract: An adhesiveness evaluation method that can be used to accurately evaluate the adhesiveness of a selected specific micro-spot of a specimen 1 of a small size. A part to be measured 5 is produced by isolating it from a surrounding part 4 and fixing it to a ?-probe 6, which is a support member. Then, the pulling force is applied to the part to be measured 5 using the ?-probe 6, which is the support member and which is fixed to it, to evaluate the adhesiveness of the part to be measured 5.

Abstract: A method of producing a material capable of electrochemically storing and releasing a large amount of lithium ions is provided. The material is used as an electrode material for a negative electrode, and includes silicon or tin primary particles composed of crystal particles each having a specific diameter and an amorphous surface layer formed of at least a metal oxide, having a specific thickness. Gibbs free energy when the metal oxide is produced by oxidation of a metal is smaller than Gibbs free energy when silicon or tin is oxidized, and the metal oxide has higher thermodynamic stability than silicon oxide or tin oxide. The method of producing the electrode material includes reacting silicon or tin with a metal oxide, reacting a silicon oxide or a tin oxide with a metal, or reacting a silicon compound or a tin compound with a metal compound to react with each other.

Abstract: A photonic crystal structure is provided the optical characteristics of which vary periodically in at least one direction, wherein the base material of the photonic crystal structure is formed of a dielectric material, a region containing at least one of molecules, atoms and ions different from the constituent element of the base material is provided in the base material, and the region is arranged in the base material so that the density of one of the molecules, atoms and ions varies periodically in the one direction.

Abstract: A process for producing a three-dimensional photonic crystal comprises the steps of providing a base material having first and second faces adjoining together at a first angle; forming a first mask on the first face; forming fine holes in the base material by dry-etching on the first face in a direction at a second angle to the first face; forming a second mask on the second face; and forming fine holes in the base material by dry-etching on the second face in a direction at a third angle to the second face; the first mask and the second mask, being formed by implantation of ions by a focused ion beam onto the surface layer of the mask formation face of the base material.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a three-dimensional photonic crystal comprises the steps of: forming a dielectric thin film; injecting ions selectively into the dielectric thin film by using a focus ion beam to form a mask on the dielectric thin film; forming a pattern by selectively removing an exposed part of the dielectric thin film at which the mask is not formed on the dielectric thin film; forming a sacrificial layer on the dielectric thin film having the pattern formed therein; and flattening the sacrificial layer formed on the dielectric thin film until the pattern comes to the surface.

Abstract: A method for forming an etching mask comprises the steps of: irradiating focus ion beam to a surface of a substrate and forming an etching mask used for oblique etching including an ion containing portion in the irradiated region. A method for fabricating a three-dimensional structure comprises the steps of: preparing a substrate; irradiating focus ion beam to a surface of the substrate and forming an etching mask including an ion containing portion in the irradiated region; and dry-etching the substrate from a diagonal direction using the etching mask and forming a plurality of holes.

Abstract: A first film is formed on a substrate by oblique deposition and thereafter a second film is formed on the first film by sputtering.

Abstract: A powder material which can electrochemically store and release lithium ions rapidly in a large amount is provided. In addition, an electrode structure for an energy storage device which can provide a high energy density and a high power density and has a long life, and an energy storage device using the electrode structure are provided. In a powder material which can electrochemically store and release lithium ions, the surface of particles of one of silicon metal and tin metal and an alloy of any thereof is coated by an oxide including a transition metal element selected from the group consisting of W, Ti, Mo, Nb, and V as a main component. The electrode structure includes the powder material. The battery device includes a negative electrode having the electrode structure, a lithium ion conductor, and a positive electrode, and utilizes an oxidation reaction of lithium and a reduction reaction of lithium ion.

Abstract: Provided is an electron-emitting device with high electron emission efficiency and with stable electron emission characteristics over a long period. The electron-emitting device has a substrate, first and second carbon films laid with a first gap in between on the surface of the substrate, and first and second electrodes electrically connected to the first carbon film and to the second carbon film, respectively. In the electron-emitting device, a narrowest gap portion between the first carbon film and the second carbon film in the first gap is located above a surface of the substrate and the substrate has a depressed portion, at least, in the first gap.

Abstract: Nucleic acid probes arranged on a nucleic acid chip substrate in a matrix form can be analyzed quantitatively by TOF-SIMS with accuracy by forming a phosphorus-containing area which can be used as a standard on the substrate.

Abstract: A method of moving an object includes a step of fixing the object to an object-moving device, a step of moving the object to a prescribed position by the object-moving device, and a step of releasing the object from the object-moving device. The fixing step includes forming a deposit for fixation of the object to the object-moving device by applying a first corpuscular beam in a first gas to form a deposit. The releasing step includes etching the deposit by applying a second corpuscular beam in contact with a second gas.

Abstract: A method of moving an object comprises a step of fixing the object to an object-moving means, a step of moving the object to a prescribed position by the object-moving means, and a step of releasing the object from the object-moving means; wherein the fixing step comprises forming a deposit, for fixation of the object to the object-moving means by applying a first corpuscular beam in a first gas to form a deposit; and the releasing step comprises etching the deposit by applying a second corpuscular beam in contact with a second gas.

Abstract: An adhesiveness evaluation method can accurately evaluate the adhesiveness of a selected specific micro-spot of a specimen 1 of a small size. A part to be measured 5 is produced by isolating it from a surrounding part 4 and a ?-probe 6, which is a support member, is fixed to the part to be measured 5. Then, pulling force is applied to the part to be measured 5 by means of the ?-probe 6, which is the support member and fixed to it, to evaluate the adhesiveness of the part to be measured 5.

Abstract: An electron-emitting device includes a substrate, first and second carbon films disposed so as to have a first gap between the first and second carbon films on a surface of the substrate, and first and second electrodes electrically connected with the first and the second carbon films respectively, wherein the carbon film has a region showing orientation, and a direction of the orientation is in an approximately parallel direction along the substrate surface. Thereby, it is possible to improve thermal and chemical stability of a carbon film and stabilize good electron emission characteristics over a long period.

Abstract: Provided is an electron-emitting device with high electron emission efficiency and with stable electron emission characteristics over a long period. The electron-emitting device has a substrate, first and second carbon films laid with a first gap in between on the surface of the substrate, and first and second electrodes electrically connected to the first carbon film and to the second carbon film, respectively. In the electron-emitting device, a narrowest gap portion between the first carbon film and the second carbon film in the first gap is located above a surface of the substrate and the substrate has a depressed portion, at least, in the first gap.

Abstract: Provided is an electron-emitting device with high electron emission efficiency and with stable electron emission characteristics over a long period. The electron-emitting device has a substrate, first and second carbon films laid with a first gap in between on the surface of the substrate, and first and second electrodes electrically connected to the first carbon film and to the second carbon film, respectively. In the electron-emitting device, a narrowest gap portion between the first carbon film and the second carbon film in the first gap is located above a surface of the substrate and the substrate has a depressed portion, at least, in the first gap.

Abstract: An electron-emitting device includes a substrate, first and second carbon films disposed so as to have a first gap between the first and second carbon films on a surface of the substrate, and first and second electrodes electrically connected with the first and the second carbon films respectively, wherein the carbon film has a region showing orientation, and a direction of the orientation is in an approximately parallel direction along the substrate surface. Thereby, it is possible to improve thermal and chemical stability of a carbon film and stabilize good electron emission characteristics over a long period.

Abstract: An electron-emitting device includes a substrate, first and second carbon films disposed so as to have a first gap between the first and second carbon films on a surface of the substrate, and first and second electrodes electrically connected with the first and the second carbon films respectively, wherein the carbon film has a region showing orientation, and a direction of the orientation is in an approximately parallel direction along the substrate surface. Thereby, it is possible to improve thermal and chemical stability of a carbon film and stabilize good electron emission characteristics over a long period.

Abstract: To provide a plate of high resolution and large area. The channel plate configured by including a substrate, a first electrode placed on the top face of the substrate, and a second electrode placed on the bottom face of the substrate, wherein the substrate is a porous element having a plurality of pores extending therethrough, and the porous element is formed by a compound including aluminum, and the porous element has an electron multiplier on a wall surface of the pore.

Abstract: Nucleic acid probes arranged on a nucleic acid chip substrate in a matrix form can be analyzed quantitatively by TOF-SIMS with accuracy by forming a phosphorus-containing area which can be used as a standard on the substrate.