Abstract: The invention provides a fuel injection controlling apparatus for an engine that reduces NOx amounts in an exhaust gas of a Diesel engine conducting lean combustion. An inter-cylinder injector (20a) is arranged in each cylinder of an engine (1). An intake port/manifold injector (21a) is arranged at an inlet of each cylinder of an intake manifold (5). A speed sensor (32) for detecting the engine speed is provided to the engine. A controller (31) is connected to the speed sensor (32), the inter-cylinder injector (20a) and the intake port/manifold injector (21a), and calculates an engine load. The intake port/manifold injector (21a) injects the fuel when the engine load is low, and the inter-cylinder injector (20a) injects the fuel when the engine load is high.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrode for an electrochemical cell which comprises a cathode containing a proton-conducting compound as an electrode active material, an anode containing a proton-conducting compound as an electrode active material and an electrolyte containing a proton source, comprising a proton-conducting compound and an anion-exchange resin. This invention can be used to improve cycle-life properties and high-speed charge/discharge properties in an electrochemical cell.

Abstract: The present invention provides a secondary battery and a capacitor which may provide an excellent high rate and cycle characteristic as well as sufficient electromotive force and capacity. The secondary battery and a capacitor have an active material of an electrode comprising a trimer compound comprising three units of indole or indole derivatives in condensed ring form, wherein the second position and the third position of each unit form a six-membered ring, and a proton which can be utilized as a charge carrier of the trimer compound.

Abstract: This invention relates to a unit cell for a fuel cell comprising a membrane electrode assembly comprising an electrolyte membrane and a pair of electrodes sandwiching the electrolyte membrane on its sides; conductive wires forcedly contact with the sides of the membrane electrode assembly; and a frame support for fixing the conductive wire. According to this invention, a membrane electrode assembly can be fixed by uniform clamping for smooth feeding of reactants and discharge of products, to provide a unit cell for a fuel cell having a structure exhibiting good battery properties with a low cost and a fuel cell therewith.

Abstract: A secondary battery of a proton conductive polymer, wherein a positive electrode and a negative electrode are arranged facing to each other via a separator in an electrolyte and only a proton or a proton of a hydroxyl group in an indole trimer and a &pgr; conjugated polymer, i.e., an active material of electrode in the positive electrode and in the negative electrode participates in a charge/discharge, and a proton concentration is 5 to 40% and an anion concentration is 30 to 60% in the solution, respectively, and the anion concentration is at least higher than the proton concentration.

Abstract: An opening of the variable nozzle of the exhaust turbine supercharger is set to and maintained at the maximum value in the constant operating state when the load is not more than a prespecified load level. The opening is gradually made smaller, when the load is not less than the specified load level, as the load becomes greater. When the load shifts from the high load region to the low load region, the variable nozzle is mere closed or maintained at the original opening, and when the operating state get close to the surging limit, the variable nozzle is more opened. When shifting from the low load region to the high load region, or when sifting from low speed to high speed, the variable nozzle is opened mace, and then closed to return to the constant operating state.

Abstract: In an exhaust gas purifying system 1, a pair of carriers 34 is arranged in series along the flow direction of exhaust gas. Approximately a half of the exhaust gas passing through a first distribution flow path 4 flows in the upstream-side carrier 34, and the remaining half of the exhaust gas passing through a second distribution flow path 5 flows in the downstream-side carrier 34. Therefore, the capacity of the whole of the paired carriers 34 can be substantially doubled as in the case where the carriers 34 are arranged in parallel, so that the function as the exhaust gas purifying system 1 can be improved.

Abstract: The present invention provides a secondary battery and a capacitor which may provide an excellent high rate and cycle characteristic as well as sufficient electromotive force and capacity. The secondary battery and a capacitor have an active material of an electrode comprising a trimer compound comprising three units of indole or indole derivatives in condensed ring form, wherein the second position and the third position of each unit form a six-membered ring, and a proton which can be utilized as a charge carrier of the trimer compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a conductive polymer comprising a polybiphenylaniline which is doped with dopant comprising at least an acid having a single site of a group which dissociates proton.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine having an exhaust gas recirculation circuit, the efficiency of a turbocharger is raised in a wide engine rotational speed area and, even when a pressure in an intake circuit is higher than that in an exhaust circuit, an exhaust gas can be circulated. For this purpose, an openable intake throttle valve (12e) is provided on the more upstream side than an exhaust gas circulation position of the intake circuit (12), or a narrow portion (12b) is formed on the exhaust gas circulation position of the intake circuit and an intake bypass circuit (12c) for bypassing the narrow portion is provided. Further, an intake and exhaust bypass circuit (20) for connecting the intake circuit to the exhaust circuit (16) is provided.

Abstract: An exhaust gas deNOx apparatus, which can make an NOx adsorber catalyst compact and does not impair reliability of an engine, is provided. To this end, the apparatus is provided with an NOx adsorber catalyst (9) for adsorbing and releasing NOx, and an exhaust gas recirculating circuit for mixing an exhaust gas into intake air, and exhaust gas recirculating amount control means (20, 20f) for recirculating a predetermined amount of the exhaust gas for reducing NOx when the adsorbed NOx accumulation amount is a predetermined value or less, and recirculating the aforementioned predetermined amount or more of exhaust gas to bring an air fuel ratio into a rich state when the adsorbed NOx accumulation amount exceeds a predetermined value and is to be released.

Abstract: This invention provides an electrode for an electrochemical cell in which an active material in an electrode material is a proton-conducting compound, wherein the electrode material comprises a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound or a polymer having a unit containing a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moiety.

Abstract: A battery electrode is obtained by coating an electrically conductive film serving as a collector with an aqueous solution of formic acid containing polypyridine, which is an active material, in dissolved form as well as carbon powder serving as a conduction aid, and drying the solution on the film. A secondary battery is manufactured using such electrodes.

Abstract: An electric energy storage element is provided which contains a secondary battery or a capacitor, and which uses a quinoxaline trimer compound as an electrode active substance and a proton as a charge carrier for the trimer compound. The trimer compound includes a quinoxaline or a quinoxaline derivative.

Abstract: Gaskets in a storage element such as a battery or an electric double-layer capacitor are of a multiple-layer construction composed of a plurality of layers having holes of different inside dimensions. The upper-layer gaskets have holes with an inside diameter that is the same size as the outside diameter of the solid electrodes, and the lower-layer gaskets have holes with an inside diameter that is larger than the outside diameter of the solid electrodes. The electrodes are each closely fitted within the holes of the upper-layer gaskets and, as a result, are firmly secured and prevented from shifting. The fusion surface area of the upper-layer gaskets that are bonded together is increased. The existence of spaces for holding electrolytic solution between the inside diameter of the holes of the lower-layer gaskets and the outside diameter of the solid electrodes increases the amount of internal electrolytic solution that can be held.

Abstract: A structure that is constituted by disposing a laminate film and a collector rubber with a metal terminal plate interposed therebetween and a structure that is constituted by disposing a laminate film and a collector rubber with a metal terminal plate interposed therebetween are disposed so as to sandwich a fundamental cell that is constituted by disposing a positive electrode layer and a negative electrode layer, respectively, on surfaces of a separator, the laminate films are fusion bonded at peripheries thereof, and thereby the fundamental cell is sealed in a package cell. In the laminate film, a window portion or an opening is disposed, and a metal terminal plate is partially exposed and used as an external connection terminal. Owing to this configuration, a laminate film packaged storage device in which sealing properties and the volume efficiency are improved can be provided.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying apparatus for internal combustion engines, which comprises an exhaust pipe, a branched exhaust pipe, a first NOx adsorbing catalyst provided in the exhaust pipe, a second small-sized NOx adsorbing catalyst provided in the branched exhaust pipe, and an exhaust switchover valve. The exhaust switchover valve including exhaust holes, a first feed pipe having a first switchover valve, and a second feed pipe having a second switchover valve, the first and second feed pipes being opened between the exhaust switchover valve and the first NOx adsorbing catalyst and between the exhaust switchover valve and the second NOx adsorbing catalyst, respectively. The first and second feed pipes are supplied with a fuel from a feed pump. A controller is connected to a NOx accumulation checking device, exhaust switchover valve, first switchover valve, and the second switchover valve.

Abstract: Powder of a polymer active material 1 exhibiting an electro-chemical oxidation-reduction reaction is mixed with powder of a conductivity assisting agent 2 to obtain a mixture. The mixture is molded by a thermal press into a unitary block. Thus, a cell electrode having a large film thickness is produced without causing cracks or breakage. The electrode having a large film thickness improves the energy density of the polymer secondary cell.

Abstract: The present invention provides a variable nozzle opening control unit insuring a low fuel consumption rate and excellent response speed in the low load mode for an exhaust turbine supercharger. To achieve the purpose described above, an opening of the variable nozzle of the exhaust turbine supercharger 10 is set to and maintained at the maximum value in the constant operating state when the load is not more than a prespecified load level, and also the opening is gradually made smaller, when the load is not less than the specified load level, as the load becomes higher. When the load shifts from the high load region to the low load region, the variable nozzle is more closed or maintained at the original opening. Further when the operating state may get close to the surging limit, the variable nozzle is more opened.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a secondary battery and capacitor comprising as an active material of an electrode a compound having a trimer structure comprising three structure units of one or more kind of indole compounds selected from indole and indole derivatives and a condensed polycyclic structure having a six-membered ring composed of atoms of the second and the third position of the each three structure units, wherein the active material comprises as the compound a first compound having a trimer structure wherein any bonds between the structure units are formed among the second position of one structure unit and the third position of the other structure unit and a second compound having a trimer structure comprising a bond formed among the second position of one structure unit and the second position of the other structure unit, and a proton is utilized as a charge carrier of the first compound and the second compound.