Abstract: A blowby gas treatment device includes a pressure control valve, a fresh air induction pipe, a first blowby gas pipe, a second blowby gas pipe, a shutoff valve, a one-way valve, and a PCV valve. A leak diagnosis includes a first-stage diagnosis to determine whether or not falling of a pressure in a crank case after closing of the shutoff valve under a non-supercharging condition is normal. A second-stage diagnosis is implemented by using an air fuel ratio feedback control, and determining whether or not a sensed intake air quantity obtained by an air flow meter is equal to an actual intake air quantity flowing into a cylinder set. When the sensed intake air quantity is equal to the actual intake air quantity, presence of an in-system leak is determined, and when the actual intake air quantity is larger, presence of an out-of-system leak is determined.

Abstract: A copper-based alloy material including a multiphase structure containing a matrix of a ? phase and a precipitation phase of a B2-type crystal structure dispersed in the matrix, where the copper-based alloy material includes a composition containing 8.6 to 12.6% by mass of Al, 2.9 to 8.9% by mass of Mn, 3.2 to 10.0% by mass of Ni, and Cu.

Abstract: A power supply system includes a system control unit, an auxiliary power supply, and an auxiliary-power-supply control unit. The system control unit and the auxiliary-power-supply control unit are configured such that information of at least one control unit of the system control unit and the auxiliary-power-supply control unit is able to be output to another control unit of the system control unit and the auxiliary-power-supply control unit. The at least one control unit is configured to output information indicating that an operation of the at least one control unit is stopped to the other control unit when the at least one control unit stops the operation of the at least one control unit.

Abstract: An optical stack includes: a light scattering film converting light received at a light receiving surface into scattering light therein and then outputting the scattering light outside from a light output surface, and a sheet provided on the light output surface side of the light scattering film. The light scattering film includes: a functional layer formed of a light-transmissive composition including an organic polymer compound and light scattering particles. The functional layer includes a first surface receiving the light and a second surface from which the scattering light is output. The functional layer includes a particle layer formed of light scattering particles having a content of 60% by volume or higher among the light scattering particles, the particle layer expanding along the first surface and being concentrated in a direction perpendicular to the first surface.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus, includes: a light-condensing backlight unit; a liquid crystal panel including a first linear polarizer and a second linear polarizer; a light scattering film facing the second linear polarizer; and a third linear polarizer facing the light scattering film. The light scattering film includes a functional layer including an organic polymer compound and light scattering particles. The functional layer includes a particle layer in which a fraction of 60% by volume to 100% by volume of the light scattering particles included in the functional layer expands along a surface of the particle layer at which the light output from the liquid crystal panel is received, and the particle layer is concentrated to a region having a thickness of 1 to 80% of a total thickness of the functional layer, in a direction perpendicular to the contact surface.

Abstract: An inverter includes a case, and the case includes an upper case and a lower case attached to a bottom surface side of the upper case. The upper case includes a flange portion constituting an attachment portion of the lower case, and a connector connecting portion to which a connector is connected. The connector connecting portion includes an outer wall portion that forms an outer wall of the connector connecting portion. At least a part of the flange portion and at least a part of the outer wall portion are disposed so as to overlap each other in a direction in which the connector connecting portion and the structure face each other.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus, includes: a light-condensing backlight unit; a liquid crystal panel including a first linear polarizer and a second linear polarizer; a light scattering film facing the second linear polarizer; and a third linear polarizer facing the light scattering film. The light scattering film includes a functional layer including an organic polymer compound and light scattering particles. The functional layer includes a particle layer in which a fraction of 60% by volume to 100% by volume of the light scattering particles included in the functional layer expands along a surface of the particle layer at which the light output from the liquid crystal panel is received, and the particle layer is concentrated to a region having a thickness of 1 to 80% of a total thickness of the functional layer, in a direction perpendicular to the contact surface.

Abstract: An optical stack includes: a light scattering film converting light received at a light receiving surface into scattering light therein and then outputting the scattering light outside from a light output surface, and a sheet provided on the light output surface side of the light scattering film. The light scattering film includes: a functional layer formed of a light-transmissive composition including an organic polymer compound and light scattering particles. The functional layer includes a first surface receiving the light and a second surface from which the scattering light is output. The functional layer includes a particle layer formed of light scattering particles having a content of 60% by volume or higher among the light scattering particles, the particle layer expanding along the first surface and being concentrated in a direction perpendicular to the first surface.

Abstract: In a display panel, all of a plurality of directors of liquid crystal composition composing the liquid crystal layer are essentially perpendicular to the first alignment film and the second alignment film in the absence of applied voltage. A liquid crystal layer included in each of a plurality of unit pixels arranged in a matrix along a row direction and along a column direction has a single alignment state. A director of liquid crystal composition located at a central portion in a first unit pixel that is one of the plurality of unit pixels is in an opposite orientation with respect to a director of liquid crystal composition located at a central portion in a second unit pixel that is in a same row or a same column as the first unit pixel.

Abstract: It relates to: a display panel including a first substrate and a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer retained therebetween, a first alignment film provided on a surface of the first substrate facing toward the liquid crystal layer, and a second alignment film provided on a surface of the second substrate facing toward the liquid crystal layer; and a display apparatus that includes the display panel.

Abstract: A scroll compressor, includes: a pressure container; a frame including a hollow cylindrical portion and a bottom surface portion formed integrally with each other, the hollow cylindrical portion having an outer peripheral surface fixed to an inner peripheral surface of the pressure container; an orbiting scroll including a first base plate and a first spiral tooth formed on one surface of the first base plate, the orbiting scroll being rotatable in a hollow portion of the hollow cylindrical portion; a fixed scroll including a second base plate with a second spiral tooth, the second spiral tooth being meshed with the first spiral tooth; and a second suction pipe communicating with the hollow portion of the hollow cylindrical portion.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes an electrode configuration layer provided on a support substrate, the electrode configuration layer includes a stripe region having a plurality of electrode regions and a plurality of insulator regions arranged in an alternating manner, and the electrode regions and the insulator regions are formed by partially performing a reduction treatment or an oxidation treatment on a layer made of one material, thereby controlling conductivity. Further, the electrode regions are included in at least one of the pixel electrode and the counter electrode of the liquid crystal display device.

Abstract: A scroll compressor, includes: a pressure container; a frame including a hollow cylindrical portion and a bottom surface portion formed integrally with each other, the hollow cylindrical portion having an outer peripheral surface fixed to an inner peripheral surface of the pressure container; an orbiting scroll including a first base plate and a first spiral tooth formed on one surface of the first base plate, the orbiting scroll being rotatable in a hollow portion of the hollow cylindrical portion; a fixed scroll including a second base plate with a second spiral tooth, the second spiral tooth being meshed with the first spiral tooth; and a second suction pipe communicating with the hollow portion of the hollow cylindrical portion.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes an electrode configuration layer provided on a support substrate, the electrode configuration layer includes a stripe region having a plurality of electrode regions and a plurality of insulator regions arranged in an alternating manner, and the electrode regions and the insulator regions are formed by partially performing a reduction treatment or an oxidation treatment on a layer made of one material, thereby controlling conductivity. Further, the electrode regions are included in at least one of the pixel electrode and the counter electrode of the liquid crystal display device.

Abstract: An endoscope including a first bending portion that actively performs a bending action in conjunction with a bending operation in an operation portion, a second bending portion that is provided on a proximal end side of the first bending portion, and passively performs a bending action by an external force, a flexible tube portion that is consecutively connected to a proximal end side of the second bending portion, wherein a series of helical tube portions (a first flex and a second flex) are disposed in the second bending portion and in the flexible tube portion, the helical tube portion being configured such that bending rigidity at a distal end side is higher than bending rigidity at a proximal end side, a boundary at which the bending rigidity of the helical tube portions change (a boundary between the first flex and the second flex) is set to a distal end side of the flexible tube portion, to thereby prevent buckling of the bending portion and realize good insertability of an insertion portion.

Abstract: A fuel cell system according to this invention comprises: a pressurizing valve (2a) provided on a cooling water circulation path; a reservoir tank (5) into which the cooling water flows through a pipe (4) when the pressurizing valve (2a) is open; an air supply pipe (13) that is connected to the reservoir tank (5) to supply air for diluting a fuel gas when the fuel gas accumulates in the reservoir tank (5); and a diluted gas exhaust pipe (15) for discharging the diluted fuel gas from the reservoir tank (5).

Abstract: A reservoir tank which includes: a container for storing fluid therein, having an inlet through which the fluid flows into the container and an outlet through which the fluid flows out of the container; and a duct provided inside the container, which is connected to the inlet of the container and has a first opening open inside the container. The first opening is located above the outlet of the container and below a surface of the fluid in the container.

Abstract: A plasma processing system comprises a processing chamber into and from which processing gas is inlet and outlet; a pair of electrodes disposed so as to mutually oppose within the processing chamber; a RF feeding apparatus for generating plasma between the pair of electrodes; a retaining/removal apparatus for retaining a substrate to be processed on and removal from a sample table while one of the pair of electrodes is taken as the sample table; and a detection apparatus for detecting the electrostatic-chucking state of the substrate and for detecting removal state of electrical charges from the substrate, on the basis of variations in impedance arising between the sample table and the substrate.

Abstract: A reservoir tank which includes: a container for storing fluid therein, having an inlet through which the fluid flows into the container and an outlet through which the fluid flows out of the container; and a duct provided inside the container, which is connected to the inlet of the container and has a first opening open inside the container. The first opening is located above the outlet of the container and below a surface of the fluid in the container.

Abstract: The method of the present invention is a method of forming a silicon-based semiconductor layer by introducing a source gas into a vacuum vessel and forming a silicon-based semiconductor layer containing a microcrystal on a substrate introduced into the vacuum vessel by plasma CVD, which comprises a first step of forming a first region with a source gas containing halogen atoms, and a second step of forming a second region on the first region under a condition where the source gas containing halogen atoms in the second step is lower in gas concentration than that of the first step, thereby providing a method of forming a silicon-based semiconductor layer having an excellent photoelectric characteristic at a film forming rate of an industrially practical level and a photovoltaic element using the silicon-based semiconductor layer formed by the method.