Abstract: A torque detecting device detects a torsional torque between a first shaft and a second shaft based on a torsional displacement of a resilient member linking the first shaft and the second shaft coaxially. The torque detecting device is provided with: a magnet fixed to the first shaft; a first yoke fixed to the second shaft and arranged to be rotatable with respect to the magnet; a second yoke fixed to the second shaft and arranged to be rotatable together with the first yoke with respect to the magnet; a magnetic flux collector which collects magnetic flux; and a magnetic sensor which detects magnetic flux density. The magnetic flux collector is located to face both the first yoke and the second yoke. The magnetic sensor is located between the first yoke, from among the first yoke and the second yoke, and the magnetic flux collector, and detects the magnetic flux density between the first yoke and the magnetic flux collector.

Abstract: A torque sensor includes: a torsion bar coaxially connecting a first shaft and a second shaft; a multipole magnet; a pair of magnetic yokes; and a magnetic sensor capable of detecting a density of magnetic flux formed by the pair of the magnetic yokes and having an inner magnetosensitive surface facing inward in a radial direction and an outer magnetosensitive surface facing outward in the radial direction when viewed along a central axis of the torsion bar. The torque sensor includes: a magnetic flux guiding member capable of magnetically coupling the magnetic yoke and the outer magnetosensitive surface of the magnetic sensor; and a water blocking portion capable of housing the magnetic sensor and the magnetic flux guiding member to restrict the magnetic sensor from coming into contact with water.

Abstract: A conductive wire has a peripheral disposition part disposed around a center member and an extension part integrally formed with the peripheral disposition part so as to extend from the peripheral disposition part. A plurality of conductive wires are disposed. A sheath is disposed so as to cover the center member and the peripheral disposition part. A tube is disposed so as to surround an end portion of the sheath and a part of the extension part, and is thermally shrinkable. An adhesive is disposed inside the tube and is melted or softened by heat.

Abstract: A torque sensor is provided with a torsion bar which converts torque applied between a first shaft and a second shaft into a torsional displacement. A multipole magnet is fixed to one end side of either the first shaft or the torsion bar and in which N poles and S poles are magnetized alternately in a circumferential direction. A plurality of first yokes is provided in the circumferential direction on a radially outer side of the multipole magnet. A plurality of second yokes is provided in the circumferential direction on the radially outer side of the multipole magnet in such a way that each second yoke is sandwiched between two first yokes. A set of magnetic flux collecting members includes a first main body portion and a second main body portion, and forms a magnetic circuit in conjunction with the plurality of first yokes and the plurality of second yokes in a magnetic field generated by the multipole magnet.

Abstract: A torque detector detects a torsional torque between a first shaft and a second shaft based on a torsional displacement of an elastic member coaxially connecting the first shaft and the second shaft. The torque detector includes a magnetic flux generation unit and a magnetic sensor. The magnetic flux generation unit rotates with rotation of the first shaft and includes a first pole and a second pole into and out of which lines of magnetic force enter and exit. The magnetic sensor rotates with rotation of the second shaft and includes a detection surface for detecting a magnetic flux or a magnetic flux density. The first pole and the second pole are arranged to face each other across the magnetic sensor.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic roller including a cylindrical base and an elastic layer on an outer peripheral surface of the base, the base having a joint extending from one end to the other end in a longitudinal direction thereof, at least a part of the joint has a gap penetrating the joint in a thickness direction of the base, and a part of a material for the elastic layer entering the gap and covering a portion of an inner peripheral surface of the base near the gap to form an anchor portion of the elastic layer.

Abstract: A torque detecting apparatus includes a first shaft; a second shaft; an elastic member coaxially linking the first and second shafts; and a magnet attached to the first shaft; a pair of magnetic yokes composed of a first magnetic yoke and a second magnetic yoke, the first and second magnetic yokes being fixedly installed on the second shaft; and a magnetic sensor. Each magnetic yoke includes an opposing portion and a wall portion. The opposing portion is opposed to the magnet and displaced circumferentially relatively to the magnet when the elastic member is subjected to a torsional displacement. The wall portions of the first and second magnetic yokes are separated and positioned outside the opposing portions in the radial direction. The wall portions of the first and second magnetic yokes extend to be mutually opposed. The magnetic sensor is positioned between the wall portions.

Abstract: The charging member includes: an electroconductive support; and an electroconductive elastic layer serving as a surface layer, wherein the elastic layer contains a binder, and holds electrically insulating hollow particles in such a state that at least a part of each of the hollow particles is exposed at a surface of the elastic layer, wherein the charging member has protrusions derived from the hollow particles in an outer surface of the charging member, and the outer surface of the charging member includes an outer surface of the elastic layer and an outer surface of an exposed portion of each of the hollow particles, and wherein the protrusions each have a depression in an outer surface of each of the protrusions, and an edge of the depression constitutes an apex in each of the protrusions.

Abstract: An electrophotographic roller includes an electro-conductive shaft core including a metallic layer at its surface, and an elastic layer on the shaft core. When kinetic friction coefficients of an outer peripheral surface of each end portion of the shaft core with respect to polyester resin are measured for one rotation of the shaft core, an average value ?r of the kinetic friction coefficients is 0.05 to 0.50. When each outer peripheral surface is divided into three equal ranges, defined as a region A1, a region A2, and a region A3, in a peripheral direction of the shaft core, each of the regions has a location where the kinetic friction coefficients fall within a range of 1.5 ?r to 1.8 ?r, and a location where the kinetic friction coefficients fall within a range of 0.2 ?r to 0.5 ?r.

Abstract: Claw portions opposing a magnet are disposed on inner edges of a first yoke and a second yoke. Wall portions are disposed on outer edges of the first yoke and the second yoke so as to extend in an axial direction. A distal end of the wall portion and another distal end of the other wall portion are spaced apart from each other in the axial direction and disposed to oppose each other. A magnetic sensor is disposed between the distal ends in the axial direction. End faces oblique to the axial direction are disposed on the distal ends and a distance between the distal ends on a radially inner side is made shorter than a distance between the distal ends on a radially outer side.

Abstract: The charging member includes: an electroconductive support; and an electroconductive elastic layer serving as a surface layer, wherein the elastic layer contains a binder, and holds electrically insulating hollow particles in such a state that at least a part of each of the hollow particles is exposed at a surface of the elastic layer, wherein the charging member has protrusions derived from the hollow particles in an outer surface of the charging member, and the outer surface of the charging member includes an outer surface of the elastic layer and an outer surface of an exposed portion of each of the hollow particles, and wherein the protrusions each have a depression in an outer surface of each of the protrusions, and an edge of the depression constitutes an apex in each of the protrusions.

Abstract: Claw portions opposing a magnet are disposed on inner edges of a first yoke and a second yoke. Wall portions are disposed on outer edges of the first yoke and the second yoke so as to extend in an axial direction. A distal end of the wall portion and another distal end of the other wall portion are spaced apart from each other in the axial direction and disposed to oppose each other. A magnetic sensor is disposed between the distal ends in the axial direction. End faces oblique to the axial direction are disposed on the distal ends and a distance between the distal ends on a radially inner side is made shorter than a distance between the distal ends on a radially outer side.

Abstract: An electrophotographic roller includes an electro-conductive shaft core including a metallic layer at its surface, and an elastic layer on the shaft core. When kinetic friction coefficients of an outer peripheral surface of each end portion of the shaft core with respect to polyester resin are measured for one rotation of the shaft core, an average value pr of the kinetic friction coefficients is 0.05 to 0.50. When each outer peripheral surface is divided into three equal ranges, defined as a region A1, a region A2, and a region A3, in a peripheral direction of the shaft core, each of the regions has a location where the kinetic friction coefficients fall within a range of 1.5 ?r to 1.8 ?r, and a location where the kinetic friction coefficients fall within a range of 0.2 ?r to 0.5 ?r.

Abstract: A torque detecting apparatus includes a first shaft; a second shaft; an elastic member coaxially linking the first and second shafts; and a magnet attached to the first shaft; a pair of magnetic yokes composed of a first magnetic yoke and a second magnetic yoke, the first and second magnetic yokes being fixedly installed on the second shaft; and a magnetic sensor. Each magnetic yoke includes an opposing portion and a wall portion. The opposing portion is opposed to the magnet and displaced circumferentially relatively to the magnet when the elastic member is subjected to a torsional displacement. The wall portions of the first and second magnetic yokes are separated and positioned outside the opposing portions in the radial direction. The wall portions of the first and second magnetic yokes extend to be mutually opposed. The magnetic sensor is positioned between the wall portions.

Abstract: A conductive wire has a peripheral disposition part disposed around a center member and an extension part integrally formed with the peripheral disposition part so as to extend from the peripheral disposition part. A plurality of conductive wires are disposed. A sheath is disposed so as to cover the center member and the peripheral disposition part. A tube is disposed so as to surround an end portion of the sheath and a part of the extension part, and is thermally shrinkable. An adhesive is disposed inside the tube and is melted or softened by heat.

Abstract: Provided a charging member comprising an electro-conductive support and an electro-conductive surface layer, the surface layer including on the outer surface thereof, concave portions that are independent of each other, and holding an insulating particle in each of the concave portions, the insulating particle being exposed to the surface of the charging member and forms a convex portion on the surface of the charging member, in an orthogonal projection image of which the concave portions and the insulating particle are projected on a surface of the electro-conductive support, a site in which an outer edge of a projection image derived from the insulating particle and an outer edge of a projection image derived from each of the concave portions are separated, exists, and a part of a wall of each of the concave portions constitutes a part of the surface of the charging member.

Abstract: Provided a charging member including an electro-conductive support and a surface layer, the surface layer having in an outer surface thereof, concave portions and holding an elastic particle in each of the concave portions, the elastic particle being exposed at a surface of the charging member to form a convex portion in the surface of the charging member, and a part of a wall of each of the concave portions constituting a part of the surface of the charging member.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic roller including a cylindrical base and an elastic layer on an outer peripheral surface of the base, the base having a joint extending from one end to the other end in a longitudinal direction thereof, at least a part of the joint has a gap penetrating the joint in a thickness direction of the base, and a part of a material for the elastic layer entering the gap and covering a portion of an inner peripheral surface of the base near the gap to form an anchor portion of the elastic layer.

Abstract: Provided a charging member comprising an electro-conductive support and an electro-conductive surface layer, the surface layer including on the outer surface thereof, concave portions that are independent of each other, and holding an insulating particle in each of the concave portions, the insulating particle being exposed to the surface of the charging member and forms a convex portion on the surface of the charging member, in an orthogonal projection image of which the concave portions and the insulating particle are projected on a surface of the electro-conductive support, a site in which an outer edge of a projection image derived from the insulating particle and an outer edge of a projection image derived from each of the concave portions are separated, exists, and a part of a wall of each of the concave portions constitutes a part of the surface of the charging member.

Abstract: Provided a charging member including an electro-conductive support and a surface layer, the surface layer having in an outer surface thereof, concave portions and holding an elastic particle in each of the concave portions, the elastic particle being exposed at a surface of the charging member to form a convex portion in the surface of the charging member, and a part of a wall of each of the concave portions constituting a part of the surface of the charging member.