Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the synthesis of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a more efficient and economical method capable of preparing 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid having various functions with high purity and high yield, even without using a transition metal catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed is an organic electroluminescent device with lowered driving voltage, and enhanced efficiency and lifetime.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for self-supervised reinforcement learning (RL) by analogy executed by a computer device, the method including configuring a self-supervised RL with analogical reasoning (SRAR) model; and learning a policy for problem solving in a situation in which a task domain changes using the configured SRAR model.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a novel compound and an organic light-emitting device comprising the same. When the novel compound is applied as a hole transport material to an organic light emitting device, the novel compound allows the device to have improved drive voltage, efficiency and lifespan characteristics.

Abstract: Provided is a method for providing a strain measurement value in a sensing optical fiber. The method may include outputting light to an optical fiber, in which the optical fiber includes a standard sensing optical fiber and a sensing optical fiber extending from the standard sensing optical fiber, in which the standard sensing optical fiber is accommodated inside an external environmental protection case, providing a strain measurement value in the sensing optical fiber based on Rayleigh scattered light reflected back from points of the optical fiber, and providing a final strain measurement value by compensating for an error caused by a change in light source in the strain measurement value in the sensing optical fiber.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an organic light-emitting device comprising a novel compound. When the novel compound is applied as a hole transport material to an organic light emitting device, the novel compound allows the device to have improved drive voltage, efficiency and lifespan characteristics.

Abstract: Disclosed are a distributed temperature sensing system using a multicore optical fiber and a method thereof. The distributed temperature sensing system using the multicore optical fiber is configured to use the multicore optical fiber for a typical distributed temperature sensing system (DTSS), analyze a signal by collecting, for all cores, Raman-scattered light that is backscattered by multiple cores, increase the size of the signal by the number of times corresponding to the number of cores, increase a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for the same sensing time, and increase a sensing distance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for constructing pedestrian map data by using pedestrian road data acquired via a mobile device possessed by a pedestrian moving on a pedestrian road and providing, as a compensation, a reward according to the acquired pedestrian road data, and a system therefor, the method comprising the steps of: acquiring pedestrian road data for a pedestrian route of a pedestrian by using sensors provided within a mobile device possessed by the pedestrian; constructing, for each layer, pedestrian map data for the pedestrian route by using the pedestrian road data; and, when the acquisition of the pedestrian road data is completed, paying a differentiated reward according to location information of the pedestrian road data and the distance of the pedestrian route.

Abstract: An embodiment cowl structure of a vehicle includes a first cowl top panel formed in a bent structure to define a top space portion having an open rear surface, an upper portion of the first cowl top panel being coupled to and supporting a lower portion of a windshield glass, and a second cowl top panel coupled to the first cowl top panel and closing the open rear surface of the top space portion.

Abstract: Disclosed is a strategy guide method performed by an artificial intelligence (AI)-based strategy guide system, the method including generating an environment that interacts with a user; and controlling a strategy of the user based on a preset multi-objectives by changing the environment in response to observing a decision making of the user in the environment.

Abstract: A computed tomography (CT) image processing apparatus and a CT image processing method are provided. The CT image processing apparatus may generate a virtual monochromatic image (VMI) by applying a weight to each of first, second, and third images corresponding to three different energy ranges. The CT image processing apparatus may set a region of interest (ROI) on a CT image, determine a VMI at an energy level at which a CNR of the ROI is at a maximum among a plurality of VMIs, and display the determined VMI.

Abstract: Provided are an electronic device and an operation method of the electronic device for finding a direction of a neighboring device effectively in a wireless communication system without additional hardware. According to the present disclosure, there is provided an electronic device for finding a direction of a neighboring device in a wireless communication system, the electronic device includes an antenna array including a first antenna and a second antenna for receiving a radio frequency (RF) signal, an antenna switch configured to switch antennas for receiving the RF signal among the plurality of antennas, and a controller.

Abstract: Organic electroluminescent devices with lowered driving voltages, and enhanced efficiencies and lifetimes are provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an organic light-emitting device comprising a novel compound. When the novel compound is applied as a hole transport material to an organic light emitting device, the novel compound allows the device to have improved drive voltage, efficiency and lifespan characteristics.

Abstract: A chamber cleaning method in accordance with an exemplary embodiment includes a chamber stabilizing process for transporting a substrate, on which a thin film deposition process has been completed, out of a chamber and processing an inside of the chamber, wherein the chamber stabilizing process includes: a cleaning process for injecting a cleaning gas into the chamber and etching and cleaning byproducts generated by the thin film deposition; and a coating process for injecting a gas including at least one among aluminum (Al), zirconium (Zr) or hafnium (Hf) into the chamber, and generating a protective film on an inner wall of the chamber and at least one surface of components installed inside the chamber.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus and method for cleaning a chamber, and more particularly, to an apparatus and method for cleaning a chamber, which are capable of cleaning the chamber which is contaminated while depositing a thin film on a substrate. The chamber cleaning method in accordance with an exemplary embodiment is a method for cleaning a chamber configured to deposit a zinc oxide, the method comprising: supplying a chlorine (Cl)-containing gas and a hydrogen (H)-containing gas into a chamber; activating and reacting the separately supplied gases with each other inside the chamber to generate a reaction gas; and firstly cleaning the chamber with the reaction gas.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a composition for preventing hair loss or promoting hair growth, which contains a mixture of cucumber, eggplant and snail extracts as an active ingredient. The composition according to the present disclosure, which contains a mixture of cucumber, eggplant and snail extracts as an active ingredient, has been confirmed to increase the expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in dermal papilla cells which are known to play a critical role in the induction of new hair follicles and maintenance of hair growth, exhibit hair-growing effect comparable to that of minoxidil in a hair growth test for depilated 6-week-old C57BL/6 mice, and exhibit hair loss-improving effect in a clinical test for human. Accordingly, it can be usefully used as a cosmetic composition or a pharmaceutical composition for external application to skin for preventing hair loss or promoting hair growth.

Abstract: Various embodiments relate to an electronic device for brain-inspired adaptive control of resolving the bias-variance tradeoff and a method thereof. The method may include estimating a prediction error baseline for an environment, based on a first prediction error of a low-variance intelligent system for the environment and a second prediction error of a low-bias intelligent system for the environment; and implementing an adaptive control system by combining the low-variance intelligent system and the low-bias intelligent system based on the estimated prediction error baseline.

Abstract: Provided is a substrate processing apparatus. The positions of a first electrode and a second electrode are adjusted in advance in consideration of differences in coefficients of thermal expansion so that a short circuit created by contact between the first electrode and the second electrode is prevented even in the case in which the first electrode and the second electrode are thermally expanded during processing. Even in the case in which the first electrode and the second electrode are thermally expanded due to an increase in temperature during processing, a short circuit between the first electrode and the second electrode can be prevented, and the uniformity of a thin film can be maintained in the substrate processing apparatus for processing a large substrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a thin film transistor, and more particularly, to a thin film transistor in which a metal oxide thin film is used as an active layer. A thin film transistor including a gate insulating film and an active layer formed between source and drain electrodes, wherein the active layer includes: a first metal oxide thin film; a second metal oxide thin film provided between the first metal oxide thin film and the gate insulating film and having lower electrical conductivity than the first metal oxide thin film; and a third metal oxide thin film provided between the first metal oxide thin film and the source and drain electrodes and having lower electrical conductivity than the first metal oxide thin film.