Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for treating or preventing carbon monoxide poisoning. In particular, systems and methods are provided for a phototherapy treatment or prevention system that delivers light radiation to a patient's body to photodissociate carbon monoxide from hemoglobin.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for treating red blood cells are disclosed. The methods include contacting a red blood cell sample ex vivo with an amount of nitric oxide or a nitric oxide-releasing compound sufficient to convert at least a portion of the extracellular ferrous hemoglobin present in the red blood cell sample to ferric hemoglobin. Red blood cells administered to a mammal following the ex vivo treatment have reduced adverse effects on the mammal to which they are administered.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds of Formula I: (Formula I), and pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which are allosteric effectors that increase the oxygen-being affinity of hemoglobin, which are useful in the treatment of sickle cell disease, high altitude tissue hypoxia, and other conditions.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds of Formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which are allosteric effectors that reduce the oxygen-binding affinity of hemoglobin, which can enhance the efficacy of radiation therapy for cancer and which are useful for the treatment of ischemia and other conditions.

Abstract: A system for generating nitric oxide can include an apparatus positioned in a trachea of a mammal, the apparatus including a respiration sensor for collecting information related to one or more triggering events associated with the trachea, an oxygen sensor for collecting information related to a concentration of oxygen in a gas, and one or more pairs of electrodes for initiating a series of electric arcs to generate nitric oxide, and the system for generating nitric oxide can also include a controller for determining one or more control parameters based on the information collected by the respiration sensor and the oxygen sensor, wherein the series of electric arcs is initiated based on the control parameters determined by the controller.

Abstract: In some additional aspects, an apparatus can include a chamber having an inlet valve for receiving a reactant gas and an outlet valve for delivering a product gas, a piston positioned inside the chamber and configured to move along a length of the chamber for adjusting pressure in the chamber, a sensor for collecting information related to one or more conditions of a respiratory system associated with a patient, a controller for determining one or more control parameters based on the collected information, and one or more pairs of electrodes positioned inside the chamber for initiating a series of electric arcs external to the patient to generate nitric oxide based on the determined control parameters.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for preventing or reducing vasoconstriction in a mammal following administration of an artificial oxygen carrier (e.g., a hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier) are disclosed. The methods include administering to a mammal a composition containing an artificial oxygen carrier in combination with one or more of a nitric oxide-releasing compound, a therapeutic gas containing gaseous nitric oxide, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, and/or a soluble guanylate cyclase sensitizer.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for treating red blood cells are disclosed. The methods include contacting a red blood cell sample ex vivo with an amount of nitric oxide or a nitric oxide-releasing compound sufficient to convert at least a portion of the extracellular ferrous hemoglobin present in the red blood cell sample to ferric hemoglobin. Red blood cells administered to a mammal following the ex vivo treatment have reduced adverse effects on the mammal to which they are administered.

Abstract: A negative pressure ventilation system comprising a dynamically movable, multi-component artificial rib cage configured to fit snugly around the patient's own chest wall and abdomen is disclosed. The shape, dimensions and the dynamic movement of the artificial rib cage are designed to mimic those of the patient's own chest wall. The artificial rib cage includes an artificial spine to which are connected artificial ribs for forming an artificial chest wall including a sternum component. An abdominal component for placement on the patient's abdomen is connected to the chest wall component through a translating element which allows the abdominal component to move towards and away from the chest wall component. The chest wall and abdominal components cooperatively interact to allow the ventilator to move both the chest wall and abdomen during inspiration and expiration, mimicking the patient's own natural breathing pattern.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for preventing or reducing vasoconstriction in a mammal following administration of an artificial oxygen carrier (e.g., a hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier) are disclosed. The methods include administering to a mammal a composition containing an artificial oxygen carrier in combination with one or more of a nitric oxide-releasing compound, a therapeutic gas containing gaseous nitric oxide, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, and/or a soluble guanylate cyclase sensitizer.

Abstract: Methods for reducing, partially preventing or completely preventing nitric oxide (NO) inhalation-related impairment of HPV in a mammal are disclosed. The methods include administering a therapeutically effective amount of NO by inhalation, and co-administering an effective amount of an anti-reactive oxygen species (anti-ROS) agent, e.g., N-acetyl-cysteine, or a leukotriene blocker. Methods for reducing, partially preventing or completely preventing loss of pulmonary vasodilatory responsiveness to NO inhalation in a mammal are also disclosed. The methods include administering a therapeutically effective amount of NO by inhalation, and co-administering an effective amount of an anti-ROS agent a therapeutically effective amount of a leukotriene blocker.

Abstract: A method for lessening or preventing non-pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion injury or inflammation in a mammal by identifying a mammal which has ischemia-reperfusion or is at risk for developing ischemia-reperfusion in a non-pulmonary tissue; and causing the mammal to inhale a therapeutically effective amount of gaseous nitric oxide sufficient to diminish the ability of leukocytes or platelets to become activated in a manner that contributes to an inflammatory process at the site of the ischemia-reperfusion or inflammation in the non-pulmonary tissue, thereby lessening or preventing non-pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion injury in the mammal.

Abstract: A method for lessening or preventing non-pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion injury or inflammation in a mammal by identifying a mammal which has ischemia-reperfusion or is at risk for developing ischemia-reperfusion in a non-pulmonary tissue; and causing the mammal to inhale a therapeutically effective amount of gaseous nitric oxide sufficient to diminish the ability of leukocytes or platelets to become activated in a manner that contributes to an inflammatory process at the site of the ischemia-reperfusion or inflammation in the non-pulmonary tissue, thereby lessening or preventing non-pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion injury in the mammal.

Abstract: A method for lessening or preventing non-pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion injury or inflammation in a mammal by identifying a mammal which has ischemia-reperfusion or is at risk for developing ischemia-reperfusion in a non-pulmonary tissue; and causing the mammal to inhale a therapeutically effective amount of gaseous nitric oxide sufficient to diminish the ability of leukocytes or platelets to become activated in a manner that contributes to an inflammatory process at the site of the ischemia-reperfusion or inflammation in the non-pulmonary tissue, thereby lessening or preventing non-pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion injury in the mammal.

Abstract: Methods for reducing, partially preventing or completely preventing nitric oxide (NO) inhalation-related impairment of HPV in a mammal are disclosed. The methods include administering a therapeutically effective amount of NO by inhalation, and co-administering an effective amount of an anti-reactive oxygen species (anti-ROS) agent, e.g., N-acetylcysteine, or a leukotriene blocker. Methods for reducing, partially preventing or completely preventing loss of pulmonary vasodilatory responsiveness to NO inhalation in a mammal are also disclosed. The methods include administering a therapeutically effective amount of NO by inhalation, and co-administering an effective amount of an anti-ROS agent a therapeutically effective amount of a leukotriene blocker.

Abstract: Methods for reducing, partially preventing or completely preventing nitric oxide (NO) inhalation-related impairment of HPV in a mammal are disclosed. The methods include administering a therapeutically effective amount of NO by inhalation, and co-administering an effective amount of an anti-reactive oxygen species (anti-ROS) agent, e.g., N-acetylcysteine, or a leukotriene blocker. Methods for reducing, partially preventing or completely preventing loss of pulmonary vasodilatory responsiveness to NO inhalation in a mammal are also disclosed. The methods include administering a therapeutically effective amount of NO by inhalation, and co-administering an effective amount of an anti-ROS agent a therapeutically effective amount of a leukotriene blocker.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of treating, inhibiting or preventing vascular thrombosis or arterial restenosis in a mammal. The disclosed methods include causing the mammal to inhale a therapeutically-effective concentration of gaseous nitric oxide (NO). Also disclosed are methods that include the administration of the following types of agents in conjunction with inhaled nitric oxide: compounds that potentiate the beneficial effects of inhaled nitric oxide, and antithrombotic agents that complement or supplement the beneficial effects of inhaled nitric oxide.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of treating, inhibiting or preventing vascular thrombosis or arterial restenosis in a mammal. The disclosed methods include causing the mammal to inhale a therapeutically-effective concentration of gaseous nitric oxide (NO). Also disclosed are methods that include the administration of the following types of agents in conjunction with inhaled nitric oxide: compounds that potentiate the beneficial effects of inhaled nitric oxide, and antithrombotic agents that complement or supplement the beneficial effects of inhaled nitric oxide.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for treating a patient identified as having a hemoglobinopathy that is characterized by a reduced affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen. The methods involve providing gaseous nitric oxide and/or carbon monoxide for (i) inhalation by the patient or (ii) ex vivo treatment of the patient's erythrocytes. Alternatively, a nitric-oxide-releasing compound can be administered to the patient.

Abstract: A method for treating or preventing bronchoconstriction or reversible pulmonary vasoconstriction in a mammal, which method includes causing the mammal to inhale a therapeutically-effective concentration of gaseous nitric oxide or a therapeutically-effective amount of a nitric oxide-releasing compound, and an inhaler device containing nitric oxide gas and/or a nitric oxide-releasing compound.