Abstract: A reflection curved mirror structure is applied to a vertical light-emitting diode (LED) which includes a P-type electrode, a permanent substrate, a binding layer, a buffer layer, a mirror layer, a P-type semiconductor layer, a light-emitting layer, an N-type semiconductor layer and an N-type electrode that are stacked in sequence. Between the P-type semiconductor layer and the mirror layer is a filler. The filler is located right below the N-type electrode to form a protruding curved surface facing the light-emitting layer. The mirror layer forms a mirror structure along the protruding curved surface. With reflection provided by the mirror structure, excited light from the light-emitting layer is reflected towards two sides, so that the excited light can dodge the N-type electrode without being shielded to increase light extraction efficiency.

Abstract: An optical lens assembly for image taking includes a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element and a fourth lens element. The first lens element with positive refractive power includes a convex object-side surface at a paraxial region. The second lens element with negative refractive power includes a concave object-side surface at a paraxial region. The third lens element with refractive power includes a concave object-side surface at a paraxial region and a convex image-side surface at a paraxial region. The fourth lens element made of plastic with negative refractive power includes a concave object-side surface at a paraxial region and an image-side surface. At least one of the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the fourth lens element is aspheric, and the image-side surface of the fourth lens element is concave at a paraxial region and convex at a peripheral region.

Abstract: A system includes a computer-readable medium that stores a plurality of instructions for execution by at least one computer processor. The instructions include receiving a reflectivity measurement on a semiconductor wafer and generating a reflectivity map based on the received reflectivity measurement. The instructions determine a spatial distance for a selected reflectivity change using the generated reflectivity map. Subsequently, the determined spatial distance is compared with a thermal diffusion length of a first anneal process technique. In embodiments, the system further includes a light source and a reflectivity measurement tool.

Abstract: An image capturing lens system includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element and a fifth lens element. The first lens element has positive refractive power. The second lens element with positive refractive power has a convex object-side surface. The third lens element has negative refractive power. The fourth lens element with positive refractive power has a convex image-side surface. The fifth lens element with negative refractive power has a concave image-side surface, wherein both of an object-side surface and the image-side surface of the fifth lens element are aspheric, and at least one inflection point is formed on at least one of the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the fifth lens element. The image capturing lens system has a total of five lens elements with refractive power.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present disclosure pertain to selective photo-enhanced wet oxidation for nitride layer regrowth on substrates. In one aspect, a method may comprise: forming a first III-nitride layer with a first low bandgap energy on a first surface of a substrate; forming a second III-nitride layer with a first high bandgap energy on the first III-nitride layer; transforming portions of the first III-nitride layer into a plurality of III-oxide stripes by photo-enhanced wet oxidation; forming a plurality of III-nitride nanowires with a second low bandgap energy on the second III-nitride layer between the III-oxide stripes; and selectively transforming at least some of the III-nitride nanowires into III-oxide nanowires by selective photo-enhanced oxidation.

Abstract: A wide-angle image capturing lens assembly includes four lens elements with refractive power, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element and a fourth lens element and each of the first through fourth lens elements is single and non-cemented. The first lens element with negative refractive power has a concave image-side surface. The second lens element with refractive power has a concave object-side surface and a convex image-side surface. The third lens element with positive refractive power has a convex image-side surface. The fourth to lens element with negative refractive power has a concave object-side surface and a convex image-side surface, wherein both of the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the fourth lens element are aspheric.

Abstract: An electrical charger for charging an electronic device includes a base, a connector, and a pop-up mechanism. The connector is exposed out of the base for connecting the electronic device. The pop-up mechanism is received in the base and includes a number of pushing pillars and a button set on the base. The pushing pillars are slidably set beside the connector. A top end of each pushing pillar extends out of the base. The button drives the pushing pillars to slide upwards, pushing the electronic device away from the connector when the charging operation is completed.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a lighting instrument. The lighting instrument includes a recessed light fixture, for example a troffer light or a batten light. The light fixture includes a plurality of light-emitting diode (LED) devices located on a board. The light fixture also includes a diffuser cap located on the board and housing the LED devices therein. The diffuser cap includes a plurality of coating regions. Each coating region is coated by a film containing white particles. The white particles can reflect and diffuse light emitted by the LED devices. The film in each coating region has a different white particle concentration level than other coating regions.

Abstract: A light guiding apparatus includes a light guiding apparatus and a second light guide. The first light guide includes a first end-surface, a second end-surface and a side-surface, in which the first end-surface includes a first light incident surface thereon, the second end-surface includes a first light emitting surface thereon, and the side-surface is located between the first end-surface and the second end-surface of the first light guide. The second light guide has a second incident surface and a second light emitting surface connecting the second incident surface, in which at least a partial region of the second light emitting surface is a roughened surface, the second incident surface or the first light emitting surface is a roughened surface, and the second incident surface is corresponding to the first light emitting surface.

Abstract: A focus adjusting optical lens assembly includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element and a fifth lens element. The first lens element with positive refractive power has a convex object-side surface. The second lens element has negative refractive power. The third lens element has refractive power. The fourth lens element with negative refractive power has a concave object-side surface and a convex image-side surface. The fifth lens element with refractive power has a concave image-side surface at a paraxial region, wherein the image-side surface of the fifth lens element changes from concave at the paraxial region to convex at a peripheral region, and both of an object-side surface and the image-side surface of the fifth lens element are aspheric.

Abstract: The embodiments of a light-emitting-diode-based (LED-based) light bulb and an LED assembly described provide mechanisms of reflecting generated by LED emitters toward the back of the LED-based light bulb. An upper substrate and a lower substrate are used to support upper and lower LED emitters. A slanted and reflective surface between the upper substrate and the lower substrate reflects light generated by the lower LED emitters toward the backside of the LED-based light bulb.

Abstract: This invention provides a capturing lens system in order from an object side to an image side comprising: a first lens element with positive refractive power; a plastic second lens element with negative refractive power having a concave object-side surface and a convex image-side surface, both the object-side and image-side surfaces thereof being aspheric; and a plastic third lens element with positive refractive power having a convex object-side surface and a concave image-side surface, both the object-side and image-side surfaces thereof being aspheric, and at least one inflection point is formed on at least one of the object-side and image-side surfaces thereof. Additionally, the central thickness of the second lens element is controlled favorably for the efficient spatial arrangement of the lens assembly and the simpler individual lens production while assuring suitable thickness of the second lens element, thereby assuring high image quality and improving yield rate of the product.

Abstract: Embodiments are provided for a compress and forward relaying scheme in joint multi-cell processing. A plurality of base stations receive similar combinations of user signals from a plurality of users, compress the signals using quantization, and relay the signals over respective backhaul links to a processor in the network for decoding the signal. The processor determines suitable quantization noise levels for the backhaul links according to a weighted sum-rate maximization function for optimizing the quantization noise levels, subject to a backhaul sum capacity constraint on the backhaul links. The determined quantization noise levels are sent to the base stations, which then quantize the received combinations of user signals according to the quantization noise levels and relay the quantized signals to the processor. The quantization is according to a Wyner-Ziv coding or a single user compression algorithm that excludes statistical correlations between the user signals at the base stations.

Abstract: An integrated circuit includes a layer of a semiconductor device including a standard cell configuration having a fixed gate electrode pitch between gate electrode lines and a resistor formed of metal between the fixed gate electrode pitch of the standard cell configuration. In one embodiment, the integrated circuit can be charged device model (CDM) electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection circuit for a cross domain standard cell having the resistor formed of metal. A method of manufacturing integrated circuits includes forming a plurality of gate electrode lines separated by a gate electrode pitch to form a core standard cell device, applying at least a first layer of metal within the gate electrode pitch to form a portion of a resistor, and applying at least a second layer of metal to couple to the first layer of metal to form another portion of the resistor.

Abstract: An optical system comprises, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens group includes a first lens element with positive refractive power having a convex object-side surface; and a second lens group in order from the object side to the image side includes a second lens element with negative refractive power having a concave image-side surface, a third lens element with positive refractive power having a convex image-side surface, and a fourth lens element with negative refractive power having a concave object-side surface and a concave image-side surface, wherein the image-side surface of the fourth lens element changes from concave at a paraxial region to convex at a peripheral region, and both of the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the fourth lens element are aspheric.

Abstract: A photographing lens assembly includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens element, a second lens element and a third lens element. The first lens element with positive refractive power has an object-side surface being convex at a paraxial region. The second lens element with negative refractive power has an object-side surface being concave at a paraxial region and an image-side surface being concave or planar at a paraxial region, wherein the second lens element is made of plastic material and the surfaces thereof are aspheric. The third lens element with negative refractive power has an object-side surface being concave at a paraxial region, and an image-side surface being concave at a paraxial region and being convex at a peripheral region, wherein the third lens element is made of plastic material, and the surfaces thereof are aspheric.

Abstract: An imaging lens system includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element and a fifth lens element. The first lens element with positive refractive power has a convex object-side surface. The second lens element has positive refractive power. The third lens element has positive refractive power. The fourth lens element has refractive power. The fifth lens element with refractive power has a concave image-side surface at a paraxial region, and the image-side surface thereof changes from concave at the paraxial region to convex at a peripheral region, wherein both of an object-side surface and the image-side surface are aspheric.

Abstract: An integrated circuit layout includes a P-type active region, an N-type active region, a first metal connection, a second metal connection and a plurality of trunks. The plurality of trunks is formed substantially side-by-side, and in parallel with each other. The first metal connection is substantially disposed over the P-type active region, and is electrically connected with drain regions of PMOS transistors in the P-type active region. The second metal connection is substantially disposed over the N-type active region, and is electrically connected with drain regions of NMOS transistors in the N-type active region. The plurality of trunks is electrically connected with and is substantially perpendicular to the first metal connection and the second metal connection. A first trunk of the plurality of trunks has a width wider than a width of other trunks of the plurality of trunks and is arranged to be located between two groups of trunks.

Abstract: A photographing lens assembly includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens element, a second lens element and a third lens element. The first lens element with positive refractive power has an object-side surface being concave at a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface being convex at a paraxial region thereof. The second lens element has positive refractive power. The third lens element with negative refractive power made of plastic material, and has an image-side surface being concave at a paraxial region thereof and being convex at a peripheral region thereof, wherein an object-side surface and the image-side surface of the third lens element are aspheric.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED) lamp includes a number of different color LEDs that can be turned on and off in different combinations using an external switch operable by a user. A user or a controller can adjust the color temperature of light output by the lamp. The color temperature change may be a user preference and can compensate for decreased phosphor efficiency over time.