Abstract: This invention discloses a process for making dilithium initiators in high purity. This process can be conducted in the absence of amines which is desirable since amines can act as modifiers for anionic polymerizations. The dilithium compounds made are highly desirable because they are soluble in aromatic solvents. The present invention more specifically discloses a process for synthesizing a dilithium initiator which comprises reacting diisopropenylbenzene with a tertiary alkyl lithium compound in an aromatic solvent at a temperature which is within the range of about 0° C. to about 100° C. The present invention further discloses a process for synthesizing m-di-(1-lithio-1-methyl-3,3-dimethylbutyl)benzene which comprises reacting diisopropenylbenzene with tertiary-butyllithium in an aromatic solvent at a temperature which is within the range of about 0° C. to about 100° C.

Abstract: The process of this invention can be utilized to stabilize tin-coupled rubbery polymers. It is particularly useful for stabilizing rubbery polymers that do not contain bound styrene. This invention more specifically discloses a process for improving the stability of a tin-coupled rubbery polymer which comprises (1) adding 0.1 phr to about 4 phr of styrene to a living rubbery polymer to produce a styrene capped rubbery polymer, (2) adding a tin halide to the styrene capped living rubbery polymer to produce the tin-coupled rubbery polymer, and (3) optionally, adding a tertiary chelating alkyl 1,2-ethylene diamine or a metal salt of a cyclic alcohol to the tin-coupled rubbery polymer. The use of metal salts of cyclic alcohols is preferred because they do not lead to recycle stream contamination. This is because cyclic alcohols do not co-distill with hexane or form compounds during steam-stripping which co-distill with hexane.

Abstract: A method for packaging an electro-optics device is disclosed. A transparent material is added between the die carrier and the electro-optics device, so that the light emitted from the backside of the electro-optics device can be extracted. Furthermore, a light reflective layer is formed on the die carrier, and a pattern of the light reflective layer is designed to prevent the light from being reflected to the active layer, the reflecting decreasing light-emitting efficiency again.

Abstract: The process and catalyst system of this invention can be utilized to synthesize polybutadiene rubber having a high trans content and a low melting point by solution polymerization. The trans-polybutadiene rubber made by the process of this invention can be utilized in tire tread rubbers that exhibit outstanding wear characteristics. More importantly, the trans-polybutadiene rubber of this invention can be easily processed because of its low level of crystallinity. In fact, the trans-polybutadiene made by the process of this invention does not need to be heated in a “hot-house” before being used in making rubber compounds.

Abstract: The process of this invention can be utilized to improve the adhesion between rubber components. It is generally most useful for improving the adhesion between two different pre-cured rubber components or for improving the adhesion between a pre-cured rubber component and an uncured (green) rubber component. However, the technique of this invention can also be employed to improve the adhesion between two uncured rubber components. The technique of this invention is based upon the unexpected discovery that low molecular weight trans-1,4-polybutadiene containing rubber compounds can be used to improve the adhesion between rubber components.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of manufacturing a card such as bankcards provided with an anti-counterfeit differentiable mark. A stamper is fabricated by engraving and plate-making methods, the stamper being engraved with a feature pattern provided by a client, such as bank logo and trademarks. The feature pattern of the stamper is transferred onto a surface of a card by injection molding. A metallic layer is formed on the card by plating. A printing layer is finally formed on the card by printing. Hence fabricated, the card is provided with a text and/or graphics pattern similar to the effects of a hologram pattern.

Abstract: A card fabrication method of the invention uses ABS plastics to form a card body of the card. The fabrication method of the invention is used to manufacture various types of cards such as bankcards. The ABS material is injection molded to form the card body. While injection molding the card body, different additives and colorant agents are incorporated to the ABS to obtain a card body that is easily differentiated via a specific color aspect. The specific color aspect is in accordance with a specific card emitter. Printing is simultaneously performed on two faces of the card body to achieve the differentiable card. By attributing specific color aspects to specific card emitters and, counterfeit cards is therefore easily differentiated from authentic cards by the color aspect of the card body.

Abstract: The group IIa metal containing catalyst system of this invention can be utilized to synthesize rubbery polymers having a high trans microstructure by solution polymerization. Such rubbery polymers having a high trans microstructure content, such as polybutadiene rubber, styrene-isoprene-butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, can be utilized in tire tread rubbers that exhibit improved wear and tear characteristics. This invention more specifically reveals a catalyst system which is comprised of (a) an organolithium compound, including organolithium functionalized compounds, (b) a group IIa metal salt selected from the group consisting of group IIa metal salts of di(alkylene glycol)alkylethers and group IIa metal salts of tri(alkylene glycol) alkylethers, and (c) an organoaluminum compound, and optionally an organomagnesium compound.

Abstract: A fluoropolymer composite with high ionic conductivity that may be applied in electroactive polymer composite includes following components: PVDF-g-SPS; PVDF; and hydrocarbon- or fluoro-elastomer. After being mixed with specific proportion and being dissolved in an oily or non-oily solvent of non-proton or proton of high boiling point, the invention is coated on a substrate and is heated to get rid of the solvent afterwards to get a compound membrane. Then, a compound membrane of PVDF-g-SPS may be obtained by sulphonating the aforementioned compound membrane. The obtained compound membrane has excellent properties, such as thermal stability, acid-alkali resistance, good mechanical performance, excellent flexibility, and capability for processing appropriate cross-link for further enhancing the mechanical performance of this membrane.

Abstract: The process and catalyst system of this invention can be utilized to synthesize polybutadiene rubber having a high trans content and a low melting point by solution polymerization. The trans-polybutadiene rubber made by the process of this invention can be utilized in tire tread rubbers that exhibit outstanding wear characteristics. More importantly, the trans-polybutadiene rubber of this invention can be easily processed because of its low level of crystallinity. In fact, the trans-polybutadiene made by the process of this invention does not need to be heated in a “hot-house” before being used in making rubber compounds. The process and catalyst system of this invention can also be used in the synthesis of trans-styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR).

Abstract: The group IIa metal containing catalyst system of this invention can be utilized to synthesize rubbery polymers having a high trans microstructure by solution polymerization. Such rubbery polymers having a high trans microstructure content, such as polybutadiene rubber, styrene-isoprene-butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, can be utilized in tire tread rubbers that exhibit improved wear and tear characteristics. This invention more specifically reveals a catalyst system which is comprised of (a) an organolithium compound, including organolithium functionalized compounds, (b) a group IIa metal salt selected from the group consisting of group IIa metal salts of di(alkylene glycol)alkylethers and group IIa metal salts of tri(alkylene glycol) alkylethers, and (c) an organoaluminum compound, and optionally an organomagnesium compound.

Abstract: A method and a structure for packaging an electro-optics device are disclosed. A transparent material is added between the die carrier and the electro-optics device, so that the light emitted from the backside of the electro-optics device can be extracted. Furthermore, a light reflective layer is formed on the die carrier, and a pattern of the light reflective layer is designed to prevent the light from being reflected to the active layer, the reflecting decreasing light-emitting efficiency again.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to a technique for synthesizing rubbery non-tapered, random, copolymers of 1,3-butadiene and isoprene. These rubbery copolymers exhibit an excellent combination of properties for utilization in tire sidewall rubber compounds for truck tires. By utilizing these isoprene-butadiene rubbers in tire sidewalls, tires having improved cut growth resistance can be built without sacrificing rolling resistance. Such rubbers can also be employed in tire tread compounds to improve tread wear characteristics and decrease rolling resistance without sacrificing traction characteristics.

Abstract: A notebook computer case with at least one modular jack, comprises: an insulation modular jack insert, which comprises a front face and a rear face opposite to the front face, a plurality of parallel channels being formed through the insert between the front face and the rear face; a lower case having a lower side frame which has a top and an outer wall, the lower side frame is configured to downward form a recess from the top thereof, the insert being removably mounted within the recess with the front face being substantially flush with the outer wall; an upper case having an upper side frame which has a bottom and an outer wall being substantially flush with the outer wall of the lower side frame after engagement with the lower case, the upper side frame being configured to upward form at least one cavity from the bottom thereof.

Abstract: Metal salts of cyclic alcohols can be used as modifiers in lithium initiated solution polymerizations of diene monomers into rubbery polymers having a low vinyl content. For instance, such initiator systems can be used in the copolymerization of styrene and isoprene to produce low vinyl styrene-isoprene rubber having a random distribution of repeat units that are derived from styrene. It is important for such polymerizations to be conducted in the absence of polar modifiers, such as Lewis bases. The subject invention more specifically discloses an initiator system which is comprised of (a) a lithium initiator and (b) a metal salt of a cyclic alcohol, wherein said initiator system is void of polar modifiers. The present invention also discloses a process for preparing a rubbery polymer having a low vinyl content which comprises: polymerizing at least one diene monomer with a lithium initiator at a temperature which is within the range of about 5° C. to about 100° C.

Abstract: A front-end signal-processing device having an automatic gain-control function used in the analog-to-digital conversion. The circuit comprises a buffer circuit, an amplifying/attenuating circuit, a pre-processing gain-adjusting circuit and an amplification/attenuation gain-adjusting circuit. In the front-end signal-processing device having an automatic gain-control function used in the analog-to-digital conversion, a set of gain-adjusting signals S1 and S2 are produced by hardware for controlling the amplification or attenuation gain of signals, thereby automatically adjusting the amplitude of the input signals. In addition, the microprocessor can select an appropriate restoring parameter according to the gain-adjusting signals to ensure that the numeral result conforms to the original input signal.

Abstract: A method for packaging an electro-optics device is disclosed. A transparent material is added between the die carrier and the electro-optics device, so that the light emitted from the backside of the electro-optics device can be extracted. Furthermore, a light reflective layer is formed on the die carrier, and a pattern of the light reflective layer is designed to prevent the light from being reflected to the active layer, the reflecting decreasing light-emitting efficiency again.

Abstract: Rubbery polymers made by anionic polymerization can be coupled with tin halides or silicon halides to improve the characteristics of the rubber for use in some applications, such as tire treads. In cases where the rubbery polymer was synthesized utilizing a polar modifier it is difficult to attain a high level of coupling. This invention is based upon the unexpected finding that coupling efficiency can be significantly improved by conducting the coupling reaction in the presence of a lithium salt of a saturated aliphatic alcohol, such as lithium tamylate. This invention discloses a process for coupling a living rubbery polymer that comprises reacting the living rubbery polymer with coupling agent selected from the group consisting of tin halides and silicon halides in the presence of a lithium salt of a saturated aliphatic alcohol. The lithium salt of the saturated aliphatic alcohol can be added immediately prior to the coupling reaction or it can be present throughout the polymerization and coupling process.

Abstract: The subject invention discloses a liquid isoprene-butadiene rubber (IBR) which is particularly valuable for use in making treads for high performance automobile tires, including race tires, that exhibit superior dry traction characteristics and durability. The isoprene-butadiene rubber of this invention is a liquid at room temperature and is comprised of repeat units which are derived from about 5 weight percent to about 95 weight percent isoprene and from about 5 weight percent to about 95 weight percent 1,3-butadiene, wherein the repeat units derived from isoprene and 1,3-butadiene are in essentially random order. The IBR of this invention also has a low number average molecular weight which is within the range of about 3,000 to about 50,000 and has a glass transition temperature which is within the range of about −50° C. to about 20° C.

Abstract: Rubbery polymers made by anionic polymerization can be coupled with both tin halides and silicon halides to improve the characteristics of the rubber for use in some applications, such as tire treads. In cases where the rubbery polymer is synthesized by anionic polymerization utilizing a polar modifier it is difficult to attain a high level of coupling.