Abstract: A one input to four output power divider is operable in a specified frequency band, and includes a first microstrip power divider, a first quarter-wavelength microstrip which has an end coupled electrically to one output terminal of the first microstrip power divider, a second microstrip power divider which has an input terminal coupled electrically to another end of the first quarter-wavelength microstrip, a second quarter-wavelength microstrip which has an end coupled electrically to the other output terminal of the first microstrip power divider, and a third microstrip power divider which has an input terminal coupled electrically to another end of the second quarter-wavelength microstrip.

Abstract: A work piece includes a copper bump having a top surface and sidewalls. A protection layer is formed on the sidewalls, and not on the top surface, of the copper bump.

Abstract: A head circumference adjustment device of a helmet includes: a main body formed with a cavity; an annular strap having a first end and a second end passing through the cavity, each of the first and second ends being formed with a rack section, a thumb section and a shoulder section; and a controller mounted in the cavity. The controller has a gear engaged with the rack sections of the strap. By means of rotating the controller, the position of the strap can be adjusted to adjust the head circumference. The head circumference adjustment device can be easily operated and truly fixed to overcome the shortcomings existing in the conventional adjustment device that the strap is likely to slip and the position of the strap can be hardly truly adjusted and the strap is likely to detach from the adjustment device.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a solar cell generally comprises delivering a solar cell substructure to a chamber. Electromagnetic radiation is generated using a wave generating device that is coupled to the chamber such that the wave generating device is positioned proximate to the solar cell substructure. The electromagnetic radiation is applied onto at least a portion of the solar cell substructure to facilitate the diffusion of at least one metal element through at least a portion of the solar cell substructure such that a semiconductor interface is formed between at least two different types of semiconductor materials of the solar cell substructure.

Abstract: An apparatus for high-throughput cell culture with mechanical compression stimulation includes a cell culture vessel and a fluid pressure supply unit. The cell culture vessel includes at least one culture chamber, at least one pressure chamber disposed above the culture chamber, a membrane disposed between the culture chamber and the pressure chamber, and at least one pressurizing member that projects downwardly from the membrane into the culture chamber. The fluid pressure supply unit is connected fluidly to the pressure chamber, and has a fluid pressure supply device to supply a pressurized fluid to the pressure chamber so as to deform the membrane and move the pressurizing member, and a control device that is adapted to vary a pressure of the pressurized fluid in the pressure chamber.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method that includes providing a semiconductor substrate having a first region and a second region, forming first and second gate stacks over the first and second regions, respectively, the first and second gate stacks each including a dummy gate electrode, removing the dummy gate electrodes from the first and second gate stacks, respectively, thereby forming trenches, forming a metal layer to partially fill the trenches, forming an oxide layer over the metal layer filling a remaining portion of the trenches, applying a first treatment to the oxide layer, forming a patterned photoresist layer on the oxide layer overlying the first region, applying a second treatment to the oxide layer overlying the second region, etching the oxide layer overlying the second region, etching the first metal layer overlying the second region, removing the patterned photoresist layer, and removing the oxide layer overlying the first region.

Abstract: A technique for adjusting a display angle of an electronic apparatus includes capturing, by an image capturing module (of the electronic apparatus), images of a user with respect to a display device (of the electronic apparatus) at a reference first position and a second position. A processing module (of the electronic apparatus) provides an indication when the user exceeds a predetermined threshold in moving from the first position to the second position. A controlling module (of the electronic apparatus) causes a first driving module (of the electronic apparatus) to drive rotation of a first rotating module (of the electronic apparatus) in response to the processing module indicating the displacement has exceeded the predetermined threshold. The first rotating module is coupled to a base unit portion of the electronic apparatus.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment, a structure comprises a substrate having a first area and a second area; a through substrate via (TSV) in the substrate penetrating the first area of the substrate; an isolation layer over the second area of the substrate, the isolation layer having a recess; and a conductive material in the recess of the isolation layer, the isolation layer being disposed between the conductive material and the substrate in the recess.

Abstract: A device and method of improving efficiency of a thin film solar cell by providing a back reflector between a back electrode layer and an absorber layer. Back reflector reflects sunlight photons back into the absorber layer to generate additional electrical energy. The device is a photovoltaic device comprising a substrate, a back electrode layer, a back reflector, an absorber layer, a buffer layer, and a front contact layer. The back reflector is formed as a plurality of parallel lines.

Abstract: A fuel cell system is provided, comprising a cell unit capable of gas exhausting. The cell unit comprises an anode current collector and a cathode current collector. A membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is interposed between the anode current collector and the cathode current collector. A frame is formed to surround the MEA, the anode current collector, and the cathode current collector. A hydrophilic gas-blocking layer is disposed adjacent to an anode side of the MEA, underlying the MEA and the frame. A hydrophobic gas-penetrating layer is disposed under the hydrophilic gas-blocking layer. At least one gas exhaust is disposed in the frame, exposing a part of the hydrophilic gas-blocking layer and contacting the area surrounding adjacent to the cell unit for exhausting a gas produced by the MEA from the cell unit.

Abstract: A voltage generating unit generates a standard output voltage and sends to a voltage output side. A voltage detection unit detects a voltage of the voltage output side and informs a voltage gain control unit. When the voltage of the voltage output side is decreasing due to a dynamic load, the voltage gain control unit is configured to control the voltage generating unit to increase a gain of a voltage generated by the voltage generating unit, and the voltage generated by the voltage generating unit is lower than the standard output voltage. Then, the voltage gain control unit is configured to control the voltage generating unit to decrease the gain of the voltage generated by the voltage generating unit, and the voltage generated by the voltage generating unit is equal to the standard output voltage.

Abstract: A light source module includes an optical unit, which includes a light-emitting device, a light-guiding device and a light-converging structure. The light-guiding device has a light incident end, a light emitting end, a first curved surface connecting the light incident end and the light emitting end, and a side surface. The light-emitting device is disposed beside the light incident end. The section of the first curved surface by the side surface is a first curve. The section of the first curved surface by the reference plane perpendicular to the side surface is a second curve. The light-converging structure is disposed between the light-emitting device and the light incident end and has a first arc-convex surface and two second convex surfaces, in which the first arc-convex surface and the second convex surfaces are arranged along a direction parallel to the side-surface.

Abstract: A method and system for forming chalcogenide semiconductor absorber materials with sodium impurities is provided. The system includes a sodium vaporizer in which a solid sodium source material is vaporized. The sodium vapor is added to reactant gases and/or annealing gases and directed to a furnace that includes a substrate with a metal precursor material. The precursor material reacts with reactant gases such as S-containing gases and Se-containing gases according to various process sequences. In one embodiment, a selenization operation is followed by an annealing operation and a sulfurization operation and the sodium vapor is caused to react with the metal precursor during at least one of the annealing and the sulfurization steps to produce a chalcogenide semiconductor absorber material that includes sodium dopant impurities.

Abstract: A detection method for a sensor membrane formed of europium titanium oxide as part of a biosensor by using PNIPAAm for wrapping enzymes includes adding 1.0 g of NIPAAm powder to 20 ml water, heating same at 60° C. to form NIPAAm solution, and cooling the NIPAAm solution; adding 200 ?l of 98.7 wt % of APS and 50 ?l of 99 wt % of TEMED to the NIPAAm solution, uniformly mixing same, and reacting the mixture for 30 hours to prepare a transparent, gel PNIPAAm; adding 5 mg enzymes to 100 ?l of 1×PBS buffer solution, uniformly mixing same, adding 100 ?l of PNIPAAm to the buffer solution, and uniformly mixing the buffer solution; placing a biosensor on a heater for heating at a constant temperature of 37° C. with the biosensor being an EIS sensor having a sensor membrane formed of EuTixOy; and taking a measurement.

Abstract: A system and method for manufacturing a through silicon via is disclosed. An embodiment comprises forming a through silicon via with a liner protruding from a substrate. A passivation layer is formed over the substrate and the through silicon via, and the passivation layer and liner are recessed from the sidewalls of the through silicon via. Conductive material may then be formed in contact with both the sidewalls and a top surface of the through silicon via.

Abstract: A photovoltaic device includes a substrate; a back contact layer disposed on the substrate; an absorber layer for photo absorption disposed above the back contact layer; a buffer layer disposed above the absorber layer; a front contact layer disposed above the buffer layer; and a plasmonic nanostructured layer having a plurality of nano-particles, wherein the plasmonic nanostructured layer is between a topmost back contact layer surface and the absorber layer.

Abstract: A system for depositing selenium on a substrate comprises includes a substrate carrier including a body, means for holding the substrate, and a plurality of selenium vapor outlets formed in the body to direct a flux of selenium vapor onto the substrate. A selenium supply container provides selenium vapor to the selenium vapor outlets. At least one temperature sensor is coupled to the substrate carrier to sense temperature of the substrate. A heat source is positioned to heat the substrate. A controller is coupled to the temperature sensor and the heat source.

Abstract: A device includes a substrate, and an alignment mark including a conductive through-substrate via (TSV) penetrating through the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for de-interlacing video data by using a horizontal motion vector of a horizontal motion between fields. The horizontal motion regarding a target pixel of a frame is compensated if the horizontal motion vector is found to be substantially not null according to the pixels residing in the fields determined by the horizontal motion vector. This results in an upgraded quality of image after the de-interlacing process.

Abstract: A heat pipe includes a metal tube, a heat-absorption part, a capillary and working fluid. The metal tube has a chamber formed therein. A vapor channel and a liquid channel communicating with the vapor channel are formed in the chamber. The heat-absorption part corresponds to a portion of the vapor channel and the liquid channel. The capillary is arranged in the vapor channel and in the liquid channel of the heat-absorption part. The working fluid fills the chamber.