Abstract: The present invention relates to synthetic processes useful in the preparation of fluorinated 4-azasteroid derivatives that modulate androgen receptors and have application in the treatment of conditions caused by androgen deficiency or androgen receptor hyperactivity, such as osteoporosis, periodontal disease, bone fracture, frailty, erectile dysfunction, loss of libido, androgen-dependent cancers and sarcopenia. The present invention also encompasses intermediates useful in the disclosed synthetic processes and the methods of their preparation.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an antireflective coating composition for applying between a substrate surface and a positive photoresist composition. The antireflective coating composition is developable in an aqueous alkaline developer. The antireflective coating composition comprises a polymer, which comprises at least one monomer unit containing one or more moieties selected from the group consisting of a lactone, maleimide, and an N-alkyl maleimide; and at least one monomer unit containing one or more absorbing moieties. The polymer does not comprise an acid labile group. The present invention also discloses a method of forming and transferring a relief image by using the inventive antireflective coating composition in photolithography.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an antireflective coating composition for applying between a substrate surface and a photoresist composition. The antireflective coating composition of the present invention comprises a polymer, which includes at least one monomer unit containing a lactone moiety and at least one monomer unit containing an absorbing moiety. The inventive antireflective coating composition is preferably organic solvent-strippable, insoluble in an aqueous alkaline developer for the photoresist composition after exposure to an imaging radiation, and inert to contact reactions with the photoresist composition. The present invention also discloses a method of forming patterned material features on a substrate using the compositions of the invention.

Abstract: A negative photoresist composition and a method of patterning a substrate through use of the negative photoresist composition. The composition includes: a radiation sensitive acid generator; a hydroxy-containing additive; and a resist polymer derived from at least one first monomer. The resist polymer may be further derived from a second monomer having an aqueous base soluble moiety. The hydroxy-containing additive has the structure of Q—OH, where Q may include one or more cyclic structures. Q—OH may have a primary alcohol structure. The acid generator is adapted to generate an acid upon exposure to radiation. The resist polymer is adapted to chemically react with the additive in the presence of the acid to generate a non-crosslinking reaction product that is insoluble in an aqueous alkaline developer solution.

Abstract: Compounds of structural formula I are modulators of the androgen receptor (AR) in a tissue selective manner.

Abstract: A photoresist composition including a polymer is disclosed, wherein the polymer includes at least one monomer having the formula: where R1 represents hydrogen (H), a linear, branched or cyclo alkyl group of 1 to 20 carbons, a semi- or perfluorinated linear, branched or cyclo alkyl group of 1 to 20 carbons or CN; R2 represents an alicyclic group of 5 or more carbon atoms; X represents a methylene, ether, ester, amide or carbonate linkage; R3 represents a linear or branched alkylene group or semi- or perfluorinated linear or branched alkylene group with 1 or more carbon atoms; R4 represents hydrogen (H), methyl (CH3), trifluoromethyl (CF3), difluoromethyl (CHF2), fluoromethyl (CH2F), or a semi- or perflourinated aliphatic group; R5 represents trifluoromethyl (CF3), difluoromethyl (CHF2), fluoromethyl (CH2F), or a semi- or perfluorinated substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group; n represents an integer of 1 or more; and OR12 represents OH or at least one acid labile group selected from a tertiary alkyl c

Abstract: A system and method for the network operation of a universal remote controller (URC) and the URC for realizing said system have been disclosed in the invention, said system comprises: a user service subsystem, a data storing and exchanging device and a user operation subsystem. The network operation method for said URC comprises: collecting the parameters of an existing user's remote controller (RC) via a RC sampling device, analyzing and processing the parameter data as a code program, and transferring to the server device via the Internet in order to store and exchange the data; reading the required program from the server device by the URC via the user terminal device and the Internet to realize the function of the URC. In said URC, the URC is provided with a USB interface circuit for downloading the data on the network into the URC.

Abstract: A free-flowing solid formulations of drugs or pharmaceutical agents which have poor aqueous solubility are obtained by admixing a liquid or gel composition that includes 1 to 30 percent by weight of the drug, 5 to 60 percent by weight of a surfactant, 10 to 40 percent by weight of water; 1 to 20 percent by weight of unsaturated fatty acid ester, 0 to 50 percent by weight water miscible pharmaceutically acceptable polyol and 1 to 10 percent by weight of phospholipid with a pharmaceutically acceptable suitable solid carrier and thereafter drying the admixture. The free-flowing powder is suitable for being formed into tablets or capsules. The drug or pharmaceutical agent is solubilized in the formulation and has significantly improved bio-availability when compared to the drug tested in its pure form.

Abstract: A free-flowing solid formulations of drugs or pharmaceutical agents which have poor aqueous solubility are obtained by admixing a liquid or gel composition that includes 1 to 30 per cent by weight of the drug, 5 to 60 per cent by weight of a surfactant, 10 to 40 per cent by weight of water; 1 to 20 per cent by weight of unsaturated fatty acid ester, 0 to 50 per cent by weight water miscible pharmaceutically acceptable polyol and 1 to 10 per cent by weight of phospholipid with a pharmaceutically acceptable suitable solid carrier and thereafter drying the admixture. The free-flowing powder is suitable for being formed into tablets or capsules. The drug or pharmaceutical agent is solubilized in the formulation and has significantly improved bio-availability when compared to the drug tested in its pure form.

Abstract: The present invention relates to synthetic processes useful in the preparation of fluorinated 4-azasteroid derivatives that modulate androgen receptors and have application in the treatment of conditions caused by androgen deficiency or androgen receptor hyperactivity, such as osteoporosis, periodontal disease, bone fracture, frailty, erectile dysfunction, loss of libido, androgen-dependent cancers and sarcopenia. The present invention also encompasses intermediates useful in the disclosed synthetic processes and the methods of their preparation.

Abstract: A positive photoresist composition comprises a radiation sensitive acid generator, and a polymer that includes a first repeating unit derived from a sulfonamide monomer including a fluorosulfonamide functionality, a second repeating unit having a pendant acid-labile moiety, and a third repeating unit having a lactone functionality. The positive photoresist composition may be used to form patterned features on a substrate, such as those used in the manufacture of a semiconductor device.

Abstract: A negative photoresist composition and a method of patterning a substrate through use of the negative photoresist composition. The composition includes: a radiation sensitive acid generator; a multihydroxy-containing additive; and a resist polymer comprising a first repeating unit from a first monomer. The resist polymer may also comprise a second repeating unit from a second monomer, wherein the second monomer has an aqueous base soluble moiety. The multihydroxy-containing additive has the structure Q-(OH)m, where Q may include at least one alicycic group and m may be any integer between 2 and 6. The acid generator is adapted to generate an acid upon exposure to radiation. The resist polymer is adapted to chemically react with the additive in the presence of the acid to generate a product that is insoluble in a developer solution.

Abstract: A positive photoresist composition comprises a radiations sensitive acid generator, and a polymer that may include a first repeating unit derived from a sulfonamide monomer including a fluorosulfonamide functionality, and a second repeating unit, which may include a pendant acid-labile moiety. The positive photoresist composition may also comprise at least one of a solvent, a quencher, and a surfactant. A patterned photoresist layer, made of the positive photoresist composition, may be formed on a substrate, the positive photoresist layer may be exposed to a pattern of imaging radiation, a portion of the positive photoresist layer that is exposed to the pattern of imaging radiation may be removed to reveal a correspondingly patterned substrate for subsequent processing in the manufacture of a semiconductor device.

Abstract: The resist compositions having an acid sensitive imaging polymer and a radiation sensitive acid generator component comprising: (i) a first radiation sensitive acid generator selected from the group consisting of dissolution-inhibiting acid generators, and (ii) a second radiation sensitive acid generator selected from the group consisting of unprotected acidic group-functionalized acid generators and acid labile group-protected acidic group-functionalized radiation sensitive acid generators; enables formation of high sensitivity resists suitable for use in EPL, EUV, soft x-ray, and other low energy intensity lithographic imaging applications. The resist compositions may be useful in other lithographic processes as well.

Abstract: A photoresist composition including a polymer is disclosed, wherein the polymer includes at least one monomer having the formula: where R1 represents hydrogen (H), a linear, branched or cyclo alkyl group of 1 to 20 carbons, a semi- or perfluorinated linear, branched or cyclo alkyl group of 1 to 20 carbons or CN; R2 represents an alicyclic group of 5 or more carbon atoms; X represents a methylene, ether, ester, amide or carbonate linkage; R3 represents a linear or branched alkylene group or semi- or perfluorinated linear or branched alkylene group with 1 or more carbon atoms; R4 represents hydrogen (H), methyl (CH3), trifluoromethyl (CF3), difluoromethyl (CHF2), fluoromethyl (CH2F), or a semi- or perflourinated aliphatic group; R5 represents trifluoromethyl (CF3), difluoromethyl (CHF2), fluoromethyl (CH2F), or a semi- or perfluorinated substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group; n represents an integer of 1 or more; and OR12 represents OH or at least one acid labile group selected from a tertiary alkyl

Abstract: In the back end of integrated circuits employing low-k interlevel dielectrics, etched structures are filled with a planarizing material comprising a cyclic olefin polymer and solvent; the next pattern to be etched is defined in a photosensitive layer above the planarizing layer; the pattern is etched in the dielectric and the planarizing material is stripped in a wet process that does not damage the interlevel dielectric.

Abstract: A negative photoresist composition and a method of patterning a substrate through use of the negative photoresist composition. The negative photoresist composition comprises a radiation sensitive acid generator, a first polymer containing an alkoxymethyl amido group and a hydroxy-containing second polymer. The first and second polymers may also have a repeating unit having an aqueous base soluble moiety. The first and second polymers undergo acid catalyzed crosslinking upon exposure of the acid to radiation, producing a product that is insoluble in an aqueous alkaline developer solution.

Abstract: A barrier layer for fabricating at least one of a device and a mask includes a polymeric photoacid generator formed between a substrate and a resist layer. The barrier layer may be used, for example, in forming a resist image, and forming a patterned material feature on a substrate.

Abstract: A negative photoresist composition and a method of patterning a substrate through use of the negative photoresist composition. The composition includes: a radiation sensitive acid generator; an additive; and a resist polymer derived from at least one first monomer including a hydroxy group. The first monomer may be acidic or approximately pH neutral. The resist polymer may be further derived from a second monomer having an aqueous base soluble moiety. The additive may include one or more alicyclic structures. The acid generator is adapted to generate an acid upon exposure to radiation. The resist polymer is adapted to chemically react with the additive in the presence of the acid to generate a non-crosslinking reaction product that is insoluble in an aqueous alkaline developer solution.

Abstract: A top coat material for applying on top of a photoresist material is disclosed. The top coat material includes a polymer, which includes at least one fluorosulfonamide monomer unit having one of the following two structures: wherein: M is a polymerizable backbone moiety; Z is a linking moiety selected from the group consisting of —C(O)O—, —C(O)—, —OC(O)—, and —O—C(O)—C(O)—O—; R1 is selected from the group consisting of an alkylene, an arylene, a semi- or perfluorinated alkylene, and a semi- or perfluorinated arylene; p and q are 0 or 1; R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, fluorine, an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbons, and a semi- or perfluorinated alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbons; n is an integer from 1 to 6; and R3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl, an aryl, a semi- or perfluorinated alkyl, and a semi- or perfluorinated aryl. The top coat material may be used in lithography processes, wherein the top coat material is applied on a photoresist layer.