Abstract: An aqueous printing ink composition containing finely dispersed pigments and a synthetic polymer binder, the binder containing: (a) finely dispersed, aqueous-basic insoluble emulsion (co)polymers having a number average molecular weight of from about 10,000 to 1,000,000 and a glass transition temperature of up to 0.degree. C., in intimate admixture with (b) aqueous-basic soluble or dispersible (co) polymers having a number average molecular weight lower than that of the (co)polymers of component (a) and a glass transition temperature of at least 0.degree. C.

Abstract: A method for the surface stabilization of sand and/or soil is provided. The method is comprised of applying an aqueous polymer dispersion to the surface layer of soil. The aqueous polymer dispersion is comprised of triesters of glycerol with lower aliphatic monocarboxylic acids, citric acid triesters with lower aliphatic monohydric alcohols and/or epoxidized triglycerides of at least partly olefinically unsaturated fatty acids as biodegradable plasticizers in aqueous polyvinyl acetate dispersions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a plastisol composition based on bead polymers. The bead polymers preferably have a core/shell structure and an average diameter of 1 to 150 .mu.m. The bead polymers are preferably chlorine-free and are made up at least of a) styrene, .alpha.-methyl styrene and/or p-methyl styrene on the one hand and b) 2 to 20% by weight (based on the copolymer) of olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids. The plastisol composition according to the invention may be used for the production of coating compositions, sealing compounds and adhesives.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of fatty acids or fatty alcohols--which are solid at room temperature and/or which cure in the presence of air--and/or at least substantially water-insoluble esters, ethers and/or salts thereof with, in particular, polyvalent cations as degradable and biologically safe stabilizers for increasing the water resistance of soil impregnations based on polyvinyl esters, more particularly PVAc.

Abstract: A method of tackifying an adhesive is provided, the improvement comprising the use of a copolymer consisting of monomer units derived monomers consisting of:(A) 10 to 50% by weight of a terpene with no conjugated double bonds,(B) 20 to 50% by weight of a member selected from the group consisting of olefinically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids containing 3 to 5 carbon atoms and anhydrides thereof, and olefinically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids containing 3 to 5 carbon atoms and anhydrides thereof, and(C) 40 to 50% by weight of an ester selected from the group consisting of esters and semiesters of olefinically unsaturated monocarboxylic containing 3 to 5 carbon atoms and esters and semiesters of olefinically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids containing 3 to 5 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the sum total of said monomers is 100% by weight.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of water-dispersible and/or water-emulsifiable amphiphilic co-oligomer of fatty crotonates and radical-copolymerizable hydrophilic ethylenically unsaturated acids and/or anhydrides thereof which may also contain small quantities of other copolymerizable comonomers, for the oiling and optionally waterproof finishing of leathers and skins.

Abstract: A method for oiling leather and skins by impregnating the leather and skins with partial esters of cyclic polycarboxylic acids or (partial) anhydrides with monofunctional fatty alcohols and optionally fixing the partial esters in the leather. Aqueous dispersions or emulsions of the cyclic polycarboxylic and/or (partial) anhydrides partial esters are also disclosed.

Abstract: Additive composition enhancing the low temperature operability of average distillates beyond -20.degree. C. comprising at least 40% by weight of a composition consisting of: i) from 60 to 94% by weight of an antisedimentation additive resulting from the reaction of at least one aliphatic dicarboxylic compound and one polyamine of general formula (II) wherein R is a saturated aliphatic radical comprising from 1 to 32 carbon atoms, n is 2-4 and m is 1-4; and ii) 6-40 % by weight of a dispersing-stabilizing additive having a molecular weight varying from 15000 to 50000 resulting from the esterification reaction of a linear alcohol having from 6 to 24 atoms with an organic acid such as maleic acid and its halides, the ester obtained being polymerized with itself or a copolymerizing compound selected from aliphatic dicarboxylic compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of (meth)acrylic acid esters of polyhydric alcohols by reaction of the reactants with acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid in the presence of acidic esterification catalysts with addition of sterically hindered phenolic compounds as polymerization inhibitors. The process is characterized in that tocopherols are used as the sterically hindered phenolic compounds and .alpha.-tocopherol is preferably at least partly used. The process is preferably carried out using reaction mixtures which are liquid at room temperature and which are at least substantially free from solvents and/or azeotropic entraining agents; more particularly, the water of condensation formed is removed from the gas phase of the reaction zone.

Abstract: A vacuum brake power booster for automotive vehicles includes a booster housing whose interior is subdivided into a vacuum chamber and a working chamber by a moveable wall. A control housing carries the moveable wall and accommodates a control valve which controls a pressure differential acting upon the moveable wall. The control valve has at least two sealing seats cooperating with an elastic valve member and is operable by an actuating rod. One of the sealing seats is operable, irrespective of the actuating rod, by an electromagnet whose armature is in force-transmitting interaction with one of the sealing seats. An electrical switching apparatus is also included, the control signals of which influence the current supply of the electromagnet thereby enabling its deactivation. The switching apparatus are operable by a relative movement between a valve piston and the control housing.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of amphiphilic co-oligomers for oiling leather or skins wherein the dispersion contains co-oligomers of(a) fatty crotonates,(b) radical-copolymerizable, hydrophilic, ethylenically unsaturated acids, anhydrides and mixtures thereof, wherein the weight ratio of (a):(b) is 30-90%:70-10%, based on the weight of (a)+(b), the dispersion having an active substance content in the range from about 30-70% by weight, based on the weight of the dispersion, and optionally(c) copolymerizable comonomers having neither a pronounced hydrophobicizing effect nor containing hydrophilicizing groups.

Abstract: The subject matter comprises shaped mixtures of valuable materials for the stimulation and cultivation of plant growth, said materials containing plant nutrients and/or plant-protective agents in admixture with a thermoplastic binder. According to the invention the mixtures of valuable materials, which mixtures have in particular been shaped as fertilizer rods, are characterized in that they contain, as the binder, a starch that has been thermomechanically digested at elevated pressures and temperatures.The invention further relates to the process for producing these multi-component mixtures and to the use of thermomechanically digested starch, optionally in admixture with inferior amounts of further biologically compatible binder components, as a biologically degradable binder for mixtures of valuable materials of the type described.

Abstract: The invention relates to at least partly resorbable materials for replacing and/or joining bones and auxiliaries for implanting prosthesis material in living bone tissue which contain as their essential components body-compatible ceramic materials in admixture with body-resorbable oligomers and/or polymers of lower hydroxycarboxylic acids, more particularly glycolic acid and/or lactic acid (resin component) and which are characterized in that the resin component is produced using molecular-weight-regulating co-reactants from the class of mono- or polyfunctional carboxylic acids or corresponding alcohols and is substantially freed from free carboxyl groups.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of free radical-reactive cross-linker components based on olefinically unsaturated esters of lower hydroxycarboxylic acids and/or oligomers thereof for modifying depot materials, and especially retard systems, which contain medicinal and/or biological valuable materials in admixture with a carrier material in a sustained release form. The cross-linkers are present as polymer compounds in the application form of the retard system and may be provided in the retard system or depot material to be applied in a largely homogeneous as well as in a non-uniform distribution. The invention also relates to retard systems which contain medicinal and/or biological valuable materials and have been based on oligomer and/or polymer compounds of lower hydroxycarboxylic acids as carrier materials providing a sustained release of the active substance.

Abstract: Pure, substantially neutral, low-volatile organic compounds including reactive double bonds are advantageously isolated from a liquid feedstock which contains said compounds in combination with acidic reaction components or auxiliary materials by (i) adding to the feedstock, as neutralizing agents, finely powdered oxides, carbonates and/or hydroxides of the alkali metals and/or alkaline earth metals; (ii) adding, at the same time as the addition of the neutralizing agents or thereafter, a limited amount of water to the mixture of feedstock and neutralizing agents; (iii) mechanically mixing the liquid and solid mixture thus formed for at least a few minutes; (iv) distilling off water from the hot reaction mixture under reduced pressure; and (v) removal from the liquid product of the solid phase now present. Pure products which even without distillation exhibit low residual acid values in combination with low color values result.

Abstract: Described are initiator systems for initiating the polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated compounds, which systems have been based on oxygen-reactive organo-boron compounds present in combination with oxygen-resistant carriers; the initiator systems are characterized in that they contain oligoesters of lower hydroxycarboxylic acids as carriers. The invention further relates to the use of these initiator systems in adhesive systems in the technical field, but especially also in the areas of surgery and/or dentistry for curing body-resorbable or body-resistant adhesive agents, cements and/or filler compositions or for forming molded parts of synthetic materials.

Abstract: Described are materials based on a starch which has been thermomechanically digested at elevated temperatures and pressures and upon the addition of water and/or lower molecular weight plasticizers and which contains oxidatively cross-linkable alkyd resins having been incorporated in an intimate admixture. Preferably, these alkyd resins have been at least predominantly composed of key substances based on re-growable raw materials.The starch blends thus modified are suitable for the manufacture of shaped articles which in the presence of air will be reactively cured and thereupon are imparted with an increased strength, and especially an increased resistance to water.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of amphiphilic oligomers for oiling leather or skins wherein the dispersion contains anionically modified urethane fatty oligomers containing long-chain hydrocarbon fatty groups containing from 8 to 40 carbon atoms, together with salt-forming carboxylic acid groups, sulfonic acid groups and mixtures thereof, which form urethane fatty oligomers having an at least predominantly linear basic structure of the oligomer molecule.

Abstract: The invention is a resorbable, viscous to solid wax for the mechanical staunching of blood on hard body tissue, particularly bones, based on oligomers of glycolic acid and/or lactic acid and derivatives thereof with monofunctional and/or polyfunctional alcohols and/or corresponding carboxylic acids. The new waxes are characterized by containing body-compatible salts of organic and/or inorganic acids which are formed by corresponding reaction of any free carboxyl groups present in the oligomer wax and/or are incorporated in the wax in homogeneous distribution as added salts.

Abstract: A vacuum brake power booster for automotive vehicles having control valve which is operable, irrespective of an actuating rod displacing a valve piston (9), by an electromagnet which actuates a third sealing seat thereby ventilating the working chamber. To minimize the independent actuating force generated by the electromagnet the electromagnet, of the present invention, is rigidly connected to the valve piston, and is arranged to be slidable in the control housing so that the third sealing seat is synchronously movable with the valve piston.