Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes an array pixel including a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix. The plurality of pixels include a set of pixels including a pair of center pixels adjacent to each other, and a pair of first-color pixels and a pair of second-color pixels obliquely facing each other across the center pixels. Each pixel includes a pixel electrode and a thin film transistor. The liquid crystal display further includes a plurality of gate lines extending in a row direction for transmitting a gate signal to the pixels, and a plurality of data lines extending in a column direction for transmitting data signals to the pixels. The pixels are subject to polarity inversion.

Abstract: Methods of forming integrated circuit devices (e.g., memory devices) include the use of preferred self-aligned contact hole fabrication steps. These steps improve process reliability by reducing the likelihood that contact holes will become misaligned to underlying integrated circuit device structures and thereby potentially expose the structures in an adverse manner. Typical methods include the steps of forming a plurality of interconnection patterns on a substrate and then covering a surface of the interconnection patterns and a portion of the substrate with a capping insulating layer such as silicon nitride layer. The capping insulating layer is then covered with an upper interlayer insulating layer different from the capping insulating layer. The upper interlayer insulating layer and the capping insulating layer are then dry-etched in sequence to form a first narrow contact hole that exposes the substrate, but preferably does not expose the interconnection patterns.

Abstract: Field effect transistors (FETs) include an integrated circuit substrate having a surface, and a gate on the surface. A pair of recessed regions in the substrate are located beneath the surface. Respective ones of the recessed regions are located on respective opposite sides of the gate. Each of the recessed regions define a sidewall and a floor. An elevated source/drain structure on each of the recessed regions is at least as thick adjacent to the gate as remote from the gate. A gate spacer may be included between the gate and the elevated source/drain region. The gate spacer can comprise an insulating film. Preferably, the source/drain structure extends to the sidewall of the recessed region. The elevated source/drain structure is preferably free of a facet adjacent the gate. The present invention also relates to methods for fabricating a field effect transistors (FET) having an elevated source/drain structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an organic electroluminescent display device in which luminance and emission efficiency may be improved by forming light emitting elements of the organic electroluminescent display device in a projecting structure and provides an organic electroluminescent display device comprising a projecting structure layer formed on an insulating substrate; first electrode formed in a projecting structure on the substrate including the projecting structure layer; an organic layer formed on the first electrode; and second electrode formed on the insulating substrate, wherein the second electrode may be formed in a projected shape by the projecting structure layer so that the second electrode surrounds the organic layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an organic electroluminescent display and a driving method thereof, which divides one frame into a plurality of subframes. Since the present invention divides one frame into several subframes, and drives an organic EL device with the subframes assigned to the upper bits and with the corrected gray data for representing the detailed grays between the basic grays during the subframes assigned to the lower bits, it is possible to represent sufficient number of grays regardless of the unstable luminescence characteristics of an organic EL device.

Abstract: An optical navigation sensor device and an image processing method using a 2-dimensional sequential image process are disclosed. A pre-processor stores digital voltage values of respective pixels of an image received from a pre-processor in a memory, performs a pre-process for the digital voltage values of respective pixels sequentially received from the memory, thereby producing a pre-processed current image, and extracts a pre-processed current central image from the pre-processed current image. A motion coordinate calculator stores the pre-processed current central image as X/Y-axis reference image candidates, determines replacement of X/Y-axis reference images for calculation of motion coordinate values of a next pre-processed image in accordance with X/Y-axis motions of the pre-processed current image, and compares the pre-processed current image with the X/Y-axis reference images, thereby calculating X/Y-axis motion coordinate values of the pre-processed current image.

Abstract: Disclosed is a washing machine comprising a heating tank accommodating the washing and washing water; a heating part heating the washing water in the heating tank; and a circulation pump circulating the washing water in the heating tank. With this configuration, the present invention provides the circulation pump circulating washing water in the heating tank, thereby preventing the washing from oxidizing, improving a washing efficiency especially improving a washing efficiency according to washing material, and saving washing water. Further, water supply and drain can be easily performed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device, and its fabrication method, having reduced picture quality deterioration and shorts. A thin film transistor is provided at intersections of gate and data lines. A pixel electrode connects to the thin film transistor. A storage electrode overlaps part of a gate line and extends along data lines. That storage electrode is overlapped by part of the pixel electrode. Channels are defined between the storage electrode and the data lines. A constant gap between the pixel electrodes and the data lines prevent a deterioration of picture quality and shorts between adjacent pixel electrodes and between the storage electrode and the data lines.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display system is disclosed, that includes rear cover having a coupling boss formed therein, a liquid crystal module positioned in the rear cover and having a plurality of protruding structures formed at both sides thereof, a bracket coupled to the liquid crystal module by a groove receiving the protruding structures of the liquid crystal module, and having a hole formed at a location corresponding to the coupling boss of the rear cover, and a fixing tool inserted into the hole of the bracket and the boss of the rear cover.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing a telematics service including an AGPS function. An initial position measuring time of a telematics system is shortened due to the AGPS function of the telematics service, so the telematics service is rapidly provided to a user. Because the telematics system utilizes satellite ephemeris information and user position information, a reception sensitivity of a GPS signal is improved in a downtown area, in which the GPS signal is attenuated. The telematics system includes an AGPS information processing module for rapidly providing the telematics service to the user.

Abstract: A device structure of a LDMOSFET has trench type sinker formed using a trench process. A semiconductor layer of a first conductive type is formed within the device structure. A field area is formed in a trench structure on one side of the semiconductor layer and a gate electrode is formed on a given surface of the semiconductor layer. A channel layer of a second conductive type is formed by laterally diffusion from the field area to a width containing both sides of the gate electrode. The source area of LDMOS is electrically connected with the substrate through the sinker. By a piercing through the source area, the sinker divides the source area into two source areas. This division reduces the parasitic resistance as well as parasitic capacitance. In addition, the device structure eliminates the need for high temperature diffusion process and reduces lateral diffusion of the sinker.

Abstract: Disclosed is a residual stress measuring system for measuring the residual stress in an optical fiber. The residual stress measuring system comprises a light source for generating light used to measure the residual stress, a lens system for converting the generated light into a plane wave, a polarimeter for transforming the converted light to an input polarized light, which is incident on the optical fiber, a rotational measuring section for rotating the optical fiber so as to enable the polarized light to transmit through the optical fiber in various directions, and a detector for detecting the residual stress from a phase shift of the transmitted light.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device and its method of manufacturing are provided. The organic electroluminescent device may include a rear substrate, an organic electroluminescent unit including a first electrode, an organic film, and a second electrode stacked on a surface of the rear substrate. It may also include a front substrate joined to the rear substrate to seal an internal space in which the organic electroluminescent unit is disposed. It may also include a porous oxide layer composed of a porous silica and a metal compound on a lower surface thereof. A device constructed according to the present invention may have excellent adsorption of moisture and oxygen, thereby increasing the life span of the device.

Abstract: A grating assembly drive means is connected to control the movement of the movable grating between OPEN and CLOSED positions relative to a fixed grating. The drive means moves the movable grating through yieldable connection when moving toward CLOSED position, whereby when such movement is blocked by a foreign object the movable grating stops without damaging the object or the drive. On the other hand movement by the drive means toward OPEN position is direct after removal of any slack caused by a previous yielding.

Abstract: An Organic Electroluminescent Display (OELD) includes: a substrate, an organic electroluminescent unit arranged on a surface of the substrate and having a pair of opposing electrodes and an organic emissive layer emitting light due to recombination of electrons and holes supplied from the pair of electrodes, a sealing member combined with the substrate to protect the organic electroluminescent unit from external air and having a sealing portion along its edge, and a porous material layer arranged on a surface of the sealing member opposite to the organic electroluminescent unit so as not to contact the sealing portion, the porous material layer including a transparent material adapted to absorb moisture and remain transparent even after absorption of moisture.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence display capable of increased luminance and luminous efficiency by forming an organic light emitting device in a recessed structure is disclosed. The organic electroluminescence display comprises a pixel defining layer provided with an opening, a first electrode formed on the opening of the pixel defining layer in a recessed structure, an organic emission layer formed on the first electrode, and a second electrode. The organic emission layer is formed to be recessed in the first electrode, so that the first electrode surrounds the organic emission layer.

Abstract: Provided are an organic electroluminescent device and a method of manufacturing the same. An organic electroluminescent device, comprising a rear substrate, an organic electroluminescent unit formed on one surface of the rear substrate and having a first electrode, an organic film, and a second electrode, and a front substrate joined to the rear substrate and having a porous oxide layer based on alumina on an inner surface of the front substrate. The alumina is hydrated amorphous alumina.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent display includes: first and second substrates arranged opposite to each other and combined together, an organic electroluminescent unit disposed between the first and second substrates and having a pair of opposing electrodes and an organic emissive layer adapted to emit light by a recombination of electrons and holes supplied by the pair of electrodes, a porous material layer disposed between the first and second substrates and adapted to absorb moisture, the porous material layer including a number of absorption holes and a porous material adapted to remain transparent after absorption of moisture. A color filter can be interposed between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes source/drain regions, a gate pattern disposed on the semiconductor substrate between the source/drain regions, and L-shaped spacers that are used as masks in the forming of the source/drain regions. The L-shaped spacers each include a vertical portion covering a side wall of the gate pattern, and a lateral portion extending from the bottom of the vertical portion over the source/drain region. Support portions interposed between the L-shaped spacers and the gate pattern support the lateral portions of the L-shaped spacers such that an air gap is defined between at least the lateral portions of the L-shaped spacers and the source/drain regions. The air gap minimizes the parasitic capacitance associated with the gate electrode of the semiconductor device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a drum washing machine and method of controlling the drum washing machine, in which a drain structure of a rotary drum is improved, thus reducing an amount of wash water used, conserving electric energy, and reducing overall washing time.