Abstract: Provided is an electroluminescent display device having a negligibly small voltage drop of a cathode, no external light reflection, and high contrast and luminance. The electroluminescent display device includes a rear substrate, a first electrode layer formed above the rear substrate, a second electrode layer formed above the first electrode layer, the second electrode layer facing the first electrode layer, a light-emitting layer interposed between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, the light-emitting layer having at least an emission layer, a front substrate facing the rear substrate and contacting an upper surface of the second electrode layer, and a functional thin film formed between the second electrode layer and the front substrate, the functional thin film having a conductive material at least in a portion thereof contacting the second electrode layer.

Abstract: An electroluminescent (EL) device having a substrate with a light-emitting portion and a sealing member. The sealing member seals the light-emitting portion from the surrounding air. A groove accommodating a sealant is formed in at least one of seal portions of the substrate and the sealing member.

Abstract: Disclosed is a washing machine comprising a heating tank accommodating the washing and washing water; a heating part heating the washing water in the heating tank; and a circulation pump circulating the washing water in the heating tank. With this configuration, the present invention provides the circulation pump circulating washing water in the heating tank, thereby preventing the washing from oxidizing, improving a washing efficiency especially improving a washing efficiency according to washing material, and saving washing water. Further, water supply and drain can be easily performed.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent (EL) display device and a method of manufacturing the same. The organic EL device includes a substrate layer, a first electrode layer formed on the substrate layer, an organic layer formed on the first electrode layer, and a second electrode layer formed on the organic layer, wherein a light loss preventing layer having different refractive index areas is formed between layers of the organic EL device having a large difference in refractive index among the respective layers.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes an array pixel including a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix. The plurality of pixels include a set of pixels including a pair of center pixels adjacent to each other, and a pair of first-color pixels and a pair of second-color pixels obliquely facing each other across the center pixels. Each pixel includes a pixel electrode and a thin film transistor. The liquid crystal display further includes a plurality of gate lines extending in a row direction for transmitting a gate signal to the pixels, and a plurality of data lines extending in a column direction for transmitting data signals to the pixels. The pixels are subject to polarity inversion.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display module for preventing a noise is provided. In the module, a light guide plate is inserted into an inner side of a support main to uniformly distribute a light applied from a light source and apply the light to a liquid crystal display panel. The light guide plate is set such that a first side thereof to which a light is incident has a width different from a second side thereof which is opposed to the first side.

Abstract: A flash memory having a charge-storage dielectric layer. According to one embodiment, charge-storage dielectric layers are formed over the first and second active regions. The charge-storage layer over the first active region is not connected to the charge-storage layer over the second active region. A gate line overlies the charge-storage layer and extends across the first and second active regions and the isolation region. The charge-storage layer can be formed only where a gate line intersects an active region of a semiconductor substrate, not on an isolation region. Thus, undesirable influence or disturbance from adjacent memory cells can be avoided.

Abstract: A flash memory having a charge-storage dielectric layer and a method for forming the same are provided. According to one embodiment, charge-storage dielectric layers are formed over the first and second active regions. The charge-storage layer over the first active region is not connected to the charge-storage layer over the second active region. A gate line overlies the charge-storage layer and extends across the first and second active regions and the isolation region. The charge-storage layer can be formed only where a gate line intersects an active region of a semiconductor substrate, not on an isolation region. Thus, undesirable influence or disturbance from adjacent memory cells can be avoided.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent (EL) display device includes an organic EL element formed on a substrate. The organic EL element includes a lower electrode, an organic EL layer and an upper electrode that are sequentially stacked on the substrate. A flat panel is attached to the substrate to encapsulate the organic EL element. At least one through hole is formed in the organic EL display device so as to allow gas inside the organic EL display device to flow out during an encapsulation process. A cap is provided to shut the one or more through holes.

Abstract: A data saturation manager may include: a validity bit deciding circuit to generate boundary value data based upon a boundary value; a saturation detecting circuit to determine whether received data is saturated according to the boundary value data, and to output a detection signal as a result; a limit generating circuit to generate a maximum limit and a minimum limit based upon the boundary value data; and a selecting circuit to output one among the received data, the maximum limit and the minimum limit according to the received data and the detection signal.

Abstract: A highly-laminated magnetic inductor core and integrated inductor, and methods for making the same are disclosed. A representative method for manufacturing a highly-laminated magnetic inductor core includes: depositing at least a first layer of a ferromagnetic material; depositing at least a first layer of a sacrificial conductive material; depositing a support structure formed of a ferromagnetic material; and removing the sacrificial conductive material, thereby leaving the at least first layer of ferromagnetic material mechanically supported by the support structure.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display module for preventing cracking of a light guide plate and light leakage is provided. The module includes a backlight unit having a lamp and a light guide plate disposed on a support main. A stopper protrudes from the support main into the light guide plate. A step coverage is defined at the light guide plate which includes an incline plane and is restrained by the stopper. Accordingly, a crack of the stopper caused by an external impact and light leakage caused by the crack is prevented.

Abstract: A method of forming self-aligned contact holes in an oxide layer to expose a semiconductor substrate between adjacent gate lines. The gate lines are formed such that a spacing between adjacent gate lines in the storage node contact region is equal to or greater than a spacing between adjacent gate lines in the bit line contact region. An insulating layer is deposited on the gate line to fill spaces between the gate lines. Self-aligned contact holes are formed in the insulating layer, using a photolithographic process. As a result, storage node contact hole not-opening phenomenon and bit line contact shoulder over-etching phenomenon can be avoided.

Abstract: A disk clamping device for a disk drive having a hub insertable into a central hole of a disk which is capable of preventing the slip of the disk, even in a high speed rotation of the disk, by increasing the frictional force between a hub and the disk, wherein the disk clamping device includes a plurality of clamping grooves formed at the hub in a radial direction and respectively placed at regular angles and intervals centering around the hub, a plurality of springs respectively inserted into the plurality of clamping grooves, a plurality of balls respectively inserted into the plurality of clamping grooves, pushed toward the outer circumference of the hub by the plurality of springs and contacting to the disk when the hub is inserted into the central hole of the disk and a fluid provided inside the plurality of clamping grooves in order to increase the frictional force between the plurality of balls and the disk in accordance with the rotation of the disk and the hub.

Abstract: A washing machine with a wobbling unit including a washing plate which wobbles in a vertical direction without rotating, thus washing laundry. The wobbling unit further includes a vertical rotating shaft rotating by a washing shaft and an inclined rotating shaft provided at a predetermined position above the vertical rotating shaft. A first rotary member allows the vertical rotating shaft to rotate along with the inclined rotating shaft. A second rotary member rotatably receives the inclined rotating shaft therein. The wobbling unit also includes a projecting pin, a wobbling pin, and a leveling pin to control positions of the first and second rotary members. A position of the washing plate is changed to a level position or a wobbling position by an operation of the pins. Further, a clutch is mounted to the second rotary member so that the position of the washing plate is securely changed to a desired position.

Abstract: An integrated circuit device includes a substrate that has a trench formed therein. An isolation layer is disposed in the trench and covers a first sidewall portion of the trench. A gate electrode is disposed on a second sidewall portion of the trench.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus form images efficiently using toner. The method, which is performed in an image forming apparatus to form images using toner, includes: rendering image data; deciding an amount of data of an image to be formed on a sheet using rendered results; and deciding a sheet feeding time point of a next sheet using a decided amount of data of the image. Accordingly, in contrast to a conventional image forming method, in which sheet feeding intervals are always constant when sheets of the same size are used, sheet feeding intervals may vary. Also, the amount of data of an image to be formed on a page is decided, and a sheet feeding time point of the next sheet may be variably set based on the decided amount of data, so that the next sheet having a smaller image-data-amount may be fed earlier. Therefore, a number of formed pages per minute may be increased, and images may be formed at high speed.

Abstract: A battery system for an automotive vehicle includes a battery case having a number of battery cells housed within the case. Coolant passages extend about the battery cells, and a coolant pump or driver circulates coolant from the coolant supply through the passages so as to transfer heat from the battery cells to the coolant. A controller periodically reverses the direction of flow through the coolant passages so as to minimize the differential temperature arising between various cells of the battery stack.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a photographing lens containing, in order from an object side: a first lens having a positive refractive power and a convex surface facing the object side; a second lens having a negative refractive power; a third lens having a positive refractive power; and a fourth lens having a negative refractive power and at least one aspheric surface, the photographing lens satisfying the following conditional expressions: 1 L T f ≤ 1.2 0.5 ≤ f 3 f ≤ 1.

Abstract: The present invention is related to an array substrate for use in an IPS-LCD device, which prevents disclination that may occur between common and pixel electrodes. The pixel electrode in a pixel region includes a plurality of pixel fingers and a pixel horizontal portion, and the common electrode in the pixel region includes a plurality of common fingers extending from a common line parallel with the pixel fingers. Each of the common fingers has a gentle slope outline at a portion where the common finger meets the pixel finger, wherein the common fingers do not meet the pixel horizontal portion in the pixel region.