Abstract: Compounds of Formula I: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein ring A, ring B, W, m, D, R2, R2a, R3, R3a, and Z are as defined herein, are inhibitors of Trk kinases and are useful in the treatment of pain, cancer, inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases and certain infectious diseases.

Abstract: Provided are compositions and methods useful for modulation of signaling through the Toll-like receptors TLR7 and/or TLR8. The compositions and methods have use in treating or preventing disease, including cancer, autoimmune disease, fibrotic disease, cardiovascular disease, infectious disease, inflammatory disorder, graft rejection, or graft-versus-host disease.

Abstract: Provided are compositions and methods useful for modulation of signaling through the Toll-like receptors TLR7 and/or TLR8. The compositions and methods have use in treating or preventing disease, including cancer, autoimmune disease, infectious disease, inflammatory disorder, graft rejection, and graft-versus-host disease.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula I: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein ring A, ring B, W, m, D, R2, R2a, R3, R3a, and Z are as defined herein, are inhibitors of Trk kinases and are useful in the treatment of pain, cancer, inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases and certain infectious diseases.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula I: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein ring A, ring B, W, m, D, R2, R2a, R3, R3a, and Z are as defined herein, are inhibitors of Trk kinases and are useful in the treatment of pain, cancer, inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases and certain infectious diseases.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula I: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein ring A, ring B, W, m, D, R2, R2a R3 and R3a are as defined herein, are inhibitors of Trk kinases and are useful in the treatment of pain, cancer, inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases and certain infectious diseases.

Abstract: A positive electrode composition for a rechargeable lithium battery includes a positive active material, a spherically shaped conductive material, and a sheet-shaped conductive material. The spherically shaped conductive material is included in an amount of about 1.1 to about 10 parts by weight based on 1 part by weight of the sheet-shaped conductive material. A positive electrode includes the positive electrode composition and a rechargeable lithium battery includes the positive electrode.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a battery pack and an energy storage system including the apparatus are disclosed. In one embodiment, the battery pack includes at least one battery tray each including one or more battery cells. The apparatus may include an open circuit voltage (OCV) calculator and a state of charge (SOC) estimator. The OCV calculator may receive OCV measurement values of the battery cells of each battery tray when the power of the battery pack is turned on, and calculate a final OCV of the battery cells based at least in part on the OCV measurement values. The SOC estimator may extract an SOC value corresponding to the final OCV from an SOC table and estimate the extracted SOC value as an initial SOC.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula I: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein ring A, ring B, W, m, D, R2, R2a, R3, R3a, and Z are as defined herein, are inhibitors of Trk kinases and are useful in the treatment of pain, cancer, inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases and certain infectious diseases.

Abstract: There are provided a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery, a method of preparing the same, and a lithium secondary battery containing the same. The cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery includes: a compound reversibly intercalating and deintercalating lithium; and a coating layer positioned on at least a portion of a surface of the compound, wherein the coating layer is a composite coating layer containing Li3PO4 and further containing a lithium metal oxide, a metal oxide, and/or a combination thereof, the lithium metal oxide or the metal oxide containing Zr.

Abstract: There are provided a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery, a method of preparing the same, and a lithium secondary battery containing the same. The cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery includes: a core made of a compound reversibly intercalating and deintercalating lithium; and a coating layer positioned on at least a portion of a surface of the compound, wherein the coating layer is a composite coating layer containing Li3PO4 and LiF, and further containing a lithium metal compound, a metal oxide, a metal fluoride compound, and/or a combination thereof, and the core is doped with fluorine.

Abstract: Provided are compositions and methods useful for modulation of signaling through the Toll-like receptors TLR7 and/or TLR8. The compositions and methods have use in treating or preventing disease, including cancer, autoimmune disease, infectious disease, inflammatory disorder, graft rejection, and graft-versus-host disease.

Abstract: An energy storage system having a number of trays with each tray having a number of battery cells in which power is controllably stored and discharged. A first Battery Management System (BMS) is electrically coupled to a tray contained in a rack of trays. A second BMS is electrically coupled to and controls the first BMS. The first BMS includes a control unit electrically coupled to and controlling the battery cells. It further includes a switch unit electrically coupled to the control unit and selectively applying driving power according to a control signal from the second BMS.

Abstract: A battery system having components with reduced maximum voltage tolerance requirements is disclosed. The battery system includes a battery pack with battery modules, and measuring units, which are connected to the battery modules. The measuring units have first analog front ends (AFEs) for monitoring the at least two battery modules. Each first AFE is configured to transmit information related to the monitored characteristic via an isolator to a processor configured to control the battery pack based on the transmitted information. The isolator receives the transmitted information from an AFE which is not connected to the battery module having the least electric potential or to the battery module having the greatest electric potential.

Abstract: A positive electrode composition for a rechargeable lithium battery includes a positive active material, a spherically shaped conductive material, and a sheet-shaped conductive material. The spherically shaped conductive material is included in an amount of about 1.1 to about 10 parts by weight based on 1 part by weight of the sheet-shaped conductive material. A positive electrode includes the positive electrode composition and a rechargeable lithium battery includes the positive electrode.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula I: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein ring A, ring B, W, m, D, R2, R2a, R3, R3a, and Z are as defined herein, are inhibitors of Trk kinases and are useful in the treatment of pain, cancer, inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases and certain infectious diseases

Abstract: Provided are compositions and methods useful for modulation of signaling through the Toll-like receptors TLR7 and/or TLR8. The compositions and methods have use in treating or preventing disease, including cancer, autoimmune disease, infectious disease, inflammatory disorder, graft rejection, and graft-verses-host disease.

Abstract: A secondary battery pack is described that is rechargeable and has a large capacity. The secondary pack has multiple battery units and at least one controller. Each battery unit of the battery pack includes a cell unit and a cell balancing system. In one embodiment, the cell balancing system has at least three detachable connections for connecting the cell balancing system to the cell unit, the controller or to other cell balancing units. The connections allow the cell balancing systems to be detached from the battery units and reused.

Abstract: A circuit for measuring voltage of a battery and a power storage system using the same. According to one aspect, the circuit includes a switching element connected to the battery and configured to output a first signal at a first voltage level. The switching element is configured to be turned-on in response to a voltage measuring control signal. The circuit also includes a voltage conversion circuit connected to the switching element. The voltage conversion circuit is configured to output a second signal at a second voltage level that is proportional to the first voltage level. An analog-digital converter is configured to receive the second signal and convert the received second signal into a digital signal. A controller is configured to transfer the voltage measurement control signal to the switching element, and receive the digital signal from the analog-digital converter.

Abstract: A battery system includes a rack having a plurality of battery tray positions, a battery tray in a corresponding battery tray position among the battery tray positions, and a system management unit electrically coupled to the battery tray. Each of the battery tray positions is associated with position information, and the battery tray has an identifier. The system management unit is configured to receive and store the position information and the identifier, and to determine the corresponding battery tray position of the battery tray in accordance with the identifier and the position information.