Abstract: An electrical speaker assembly has a speaker element and two caps. The speaker element has two sides. The caps are attached respectively to the two sides of the speaker element, and each cap has a resonance space between the cap and a corresponding one of the sides of the speaker element, wherein one of the caps has a wire notch defined in the cap.

Abstract: A smart card has a bottom layer, a circuit board, a microprocessor, a retina identifying module, an operation unit, and a top layer. The microprocessor is mounted on the circuit board. The operation unit is mounted on the circuit board and is electrically connected with the microprocessor. The retina identifying module is mounted on the circuit board, is electrically connected with the microprocessor, and has a retina identifying chip and an encapsulation. The retina identifying chip is mounted on the circuit board and is electrically connected with the microprocessor. The encapsulation body is transparent, is mounted on and encloses the retina identifying chip, and has a convex top face. The top layer is mounted on the circuit board to cover the microprocessor, the operation unit and the retina identifying module.

Abstract: A retina identifying module has a retina identifying chip and an encapsulation body. The encapsulation body is transparent, is mounted on and enclosing the retina identifying chip, and has a convex top face. Accordingly, the thickness of the retina identifying module can be effectively reduced.

Abstract: An element substrate is provided, including a substrate, a metal layer, a planarization layer and a first conductive layer. The metal layer is disposed on the substrate. The planarization layer is located on the metal layer, wherein the planarization layer includes a contact hole, the contact hole has a continuous wall and a bottom, the bottom exposes the metal layer, and the bottom of the contact hole has a first width. The first conductive layer is located on the planarization layer, wherein the first conductive layer includes an opening, the opening exposes the contact hole, and the opening has a second width above the contact hole, wherein the relationship of the first width and the second width is modified to decrease illumination loss and to prevent problems of shot-circuiting and insufficient capacitance.

Abstract: A diagnostic system includes a location extractor, a file generator, and a chip diagnostic tool. The location extractor is arranged to extract at least a coordinate of at least one component in an intellectual property design layout of an integrated circuit design layout according to at least one tagging text labeling the at least one component in the intellectual property design layout. The file generator is arranged to generate a format file according to the at least coordinate. The chip diagnostic tool is arranged to scan a physical intellectual property circuit in a physical integrated circuit to determine a defect component in the physical intellectual property circuit according to the format file. The physical intellectual property circuit corresponds to the intellectual property design layout, and the physical integrated circuit corresponds to the integrated circuit design layout.

Abstract: The smart card has a supporting body, a flexible circuit board, a holding frame, a fingerprint identifying module, and a cover sheet. The flexible circuit board is attached to the top of the supporting body and has a data chip. The holding frame is mounted on the flexible circuit board and has a holding recess and an opening. The fingerprint identifying module is mounted in the holding frame and has an identifying chip, a flexible electrical connection sheet, and a hard supporting board to provide a supporting effect to the identifying chip. The cover sheet is attached to the top of the flexible circuit board and has an identifying window. The identifying window is defined through the cover sheet and corresponds to the identifying chip in position to allow the identifying chip to be exposed from the identifying window.

Abstract: An element substrate is provided, including a substrate, a metal layer, a planarization layer and a first conductive layer. The metal layer is disposed on the substrate. The planarization layer is located on the metal layer, wherein the planarization layer includes a contact hole, the contact hole has a continuous wall and a bottom, the bottom exposes the metal layer, and the bottom of the contact hole has a first width. The first conductive layer is located on the planarization layer, wherein the first conductive layer includes an opening, the opening exposes the contact hole, and the opening has a second width above the contact hole, wherein the relationship of the first width and the second width is modified to decrease illumination loss and to prevent problems of shot-circuiting and insufficient capacitance.

Abstract: An element substrate is provided, including a substrate, a metal layer and a planarization layer. The metal layer is located on the substrate. The metal layer has a first edge in a first direction. The planarization layer is located on the metal layer. The planarization layer includes a contact hole. The contact hole has a contiguous wall and a bottom side. The metal layer is exposed in the bottom side. A contour line of the contiguous wall on a vertical plane is a curved line. The first edge corresponds vertically with a critical point on the contour line. The slope of a tangent line on the critical point of the contour line is smaller than 0.176.

Abstract: A thin film transistor substrate is provided. The TFT substrate comprises a substrate, a first metal layer, a first insulating layer, a channel layer, a second insulating layer and a gate layer. The first metal layer is disposed on the substrate, and comprises a first portion and a second portion which are separated from each other. The first insulating layer is disposed on the first metal layer. The channel layer is disposed on the first insulating layer. The second insulating layer is disposed on the channel layer. The gate layer is disposed on the second insulating layer. The first portion and the second portion of the first metal layer partially overlap the channel layer.

Abstract: A composition for treating dandruff is provided. The composition includes glycerol with a concentration of not larger than 10 wt %, a second, low molecular weight polyol with a concentration of not larger than 10 wt %, and a saline solution. The composition is free of chemical surfactants, antiseptics, or foaming agents and the like, which may cause allergic or hypersensitive conditions, and has the advantages of simple constituents, low cost, and effective outcomes on the treatment of dandruff. Long-term application of the composition on the scalp is therefore suggested.

Abstract: A gateway communicates with at least one terminal device and a database server. When the terminal device is connected to the gateway, device identification (ID) of the terminal device is acquired to download a device description frame (DDF) file of the terminal device from the database server. Then, detailed information of the terminal device is displayed on a user interface according to the DDF file. When a command is sent using the user interface, the commands is received and transmitted to the terminal device, to control the terminal device to perform a corresponding function.

Abstract: An autostereoscopic display apparatus is provided. The autostereoscopic display apparatus includes a liquid-crystal panel and a barrier cell. The barrier cell includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid-crystal layer. The first substrate includes a first electrode. The second substrate includes a second electrode and a third electrode, wherein the second and third electrodes are separated from each other. The liquid-crystal layer is disposed between the first and second substrates. A black region between the first and third electrodes is formed when a first voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes and a second voltage is applied to the third electrode.

Abstract: A system for displaying images is provided and includes a liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel includes a first substrate having a plurality of orthogonal data lines and scan lines thereon. A first transparent electrode layer is disposed over the data lines and a second transparent electrode layer is disposed over the first transparent electrode layer. A second substrate is disposed opposite to the first substrate and has an inner surface. A conductive layer is disposed over the inner surface of the second substrate. A liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.

Abstract: A system for displaying images is provided including a liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel has a plurality of sub-pixels, each defined between two adjacent data lines extending along a vertical direction and two adjacent scan lines extending along a horizontal direction. The liquid crystal display panel comprises a transparent bottom electrode on the data lines, and a transparent top electrode on the transparent bottom electrode, wherein the transparent top electrode has an extended portion at a corner of the sub-pixel, extending along the horizontal direction to overlap at least a portion of the data line.

Abstract: A display apparatus current discharging method, includes steps of: providing a potential difference between a first line and a second line; switching on a first switching element; generating a voltage drop of a resistance element having a first end and a second end; switching on a second switching element; providing a first discharging path through the first line, the first switching element, the resistance element, the second switching element, and the second line; and discharging a first current via the first discharging path. A display apparatus current leakage reducing method is also disclosed.

Abstract: Systems for displaying images are provided. The system includes a display device. The display device includes an array substrate, and a transparent electrode stack overlaying the array substrate. The transparent electrode stack includes a first electrode having a first slit, a second electrode having an outer edge disposed corresponding to the interior of the first slit, and a dielectric layer disposed between the first and second electrodes. The dielectric layer electrically isolates the first and second electrodes.

Abstract: A system for displaying images is provided and includes a liquid crystal display pane. The liquid crystal display panel includes a first substrate having a plurality of orthogonal data lines and scan lines thereon. A first transparent electrode layer is disposed over the data lines and a second transparent electrode layer is disposed over the first transparent electrode layer. A second substrate is disposed opposite to the first substrate and has an inner surface. A conductive layer is disposed over the inner surface of the second substrate. A liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.

Abstract: A system for displaying images is provided including a liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel has a plurality of sub-pixels, each defined between two adjacent data lines extending along a vertical direction and two adjacent scan lines extending along a horizontal direction. The liquid crystal display panel comprises a transparent bottom electrode on the data lines, and a transparent top electrode on the transparent bottom electrode, wherein the transparent top electrode has an extended portion at a corner of the sub-pixel, extending along the horizontal direction to overlap at least a portion of the data line.

Abstract: A display apparatus current discharging method, includes steps of: providing a potential difference between a first line and a second line; switching on a first switching element; generating a voltage drop of a resistance element having a first end and a second end; switching on a second switching element; providing a first discharging path through the first line, the first switching element, the resistance element, the second switching element, and the second line; and discharging a first current via the first discharging path. A display apparatus current leakage reducing method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A display device has a display array, a discharging line and a plurality of protection circuits. Each of the protection circuits has a first discharging circuit and a second discharging circuit. The first discharging circuit has a first switching element, a resistance element and a second switching element electrically connected in series between the discharging line and a scan line or a data line. The second discharging circuit has a third switching element, the resistance element and a fourth switching element electrically connected in series between the discharging line and the associated scan or data line. The second switching element is electrically connected to the third switching element, and both of them are switched by the resistance element.