Abstract: A grating coupler comprising a semiconductor substrate, a one-dimensional (1D) grating element coupled to the semiconductor substrate, wherein the 1D grating element is adapted to simultaneously couple a first polarization component of an incident optical beam with a transverse electric (TE) waveguide mode in a first propagation direction and a second polarization component of the incident optical beam with a transverse magnetic (TM) waveguide mode in a second propagation direction, and wherein the first propagation direction is opposite of the second propagation direction.

Abstract: A metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) type semiconductor device, comprising a silicon substrate, a first cathode electrode and a second cathode electrode coupled to the silicon substrate and located on distal ends of the silicon substrate, a poly-silicon (Poly-Si) gate proximally located above the silicon substrate and between the first cathode electrode and the second cathode electrode, wherein the Poly-Si gate comprises a first post extending orthogonally relative to the silicon substrate comprising a first doped silicon slab, a second post extending orthogonally relative to the silicon substrate comprising a second doped silicon slab, wherein the second post is positioned so as to create a width between the first post and the second post, an anode electrode coupled to the first post and the second post and extending laterally from the first post to the second post, and a dielectric layer disposed between the first silicon substrate and the second silicon substrate.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for directly detected optical system based on gapped CAP modulation and DSP Methods for generation and reconstruction of gapped CAP signal are disclosed. An apparatus for direct detection transmission for CAP modulated signal with two unbalanced optical sidebands separated by gaps is disclosed, in which a gapped CAP signal is generated, converted, and passed to an optical filter for unbalanced sidebands generation and wavelength locking before being transmitted over an optical link. Direct detection is performed on the optical signal and passed to gapped matching filters. Channel equalization is performed and the signal information is decoded to binary data.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a transmitter configured to generate an optical signal comprising a carrier modulated with at least two sidebands modulated with information, wherein the information introduces a separation gap in a frequency domain between the sidebands and the carrier, wherein one of the sidebands is an undesired sideband and another one of the sidebands is a desired sideband with a higher power intensity than the undesired sideband. A method comprising receiving an optical carrier from a light source and modulating the optical carrier with at least two sidebands modulated with information, wherein the information introduces a separation gap in a frequency domain between the sidebands and the optical carrier, wherein one of the sidebands is an undesired sideband and another one of the sidebands is a desired sideband having a higher power intensity than the undesired sideband.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising an optical medium, a power splitter coupled to the optical medium, a first delay line coupled to the power splitter such that the power splitter is positioned between the first delay line and the optical medium, a first comb reflector coupled to the first delay line such that the first delay line is positioned between the first comb reflector and the power splitter, and a second comb reflector coupled to the power splitter but not the first comb reflector and not the first delay line. A method comprising receiving an optical signal, splitting the optical signal into a first split optical signal and a second split optical signal, delaying the first split optical signal, tuning the delayed first split optical signal, tuning the second split optical signal, and delaying the tuned second split optical signal.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a plurality of laser dice and a heat sink positioned between the laser dice and thermally coupled to the laser dice. Also included is an apparatus comprising a chip comprising a laser core, a stopper at least partially defining a groove, wherein the stopper and the groove are positioned adjacent to the chip, and a heater located between the laser core and the groove.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a plurality of optical transmitters and a wavelength locker shared by the plurality of optical transmitters. A periodic transmission filter used for wavelength locker operations is in a network communication path and shapes optical transmissions from the plurality of optical transmitters to a network. An apparatus comprising at least one processor configured to receive a pre-filter signal corresponding to part of an optical signal comprising a pilot tone and to receive a post-filter signal corresponding to a part of the optical signal that passes through a period transmission filter, wherein a filtered part of the optical signal is directed into a network. The processor is also configured to perform wavelength locking based on a quadrature detection technique that aligns an adiabatic logical one position of a modulated transmission signal with a spectral transmission peak of the period transmission filter.

Abstract: A laser comprises a front mirror (FM), a gain section coupled to the FM, a phase section coupled to the gain section such that the gain section is positioned between the phase section and the FM, and a back mirror (BM) comprising an interferometer and coupled to the phase section such that the phase section is positioned between the BM and the gain section. A method comprises splitting a first light into a second light and a third light, reflecting the second light to form a second reflected light, reflecting the third light to form a third reflected light, and causing the second reflected light and the third reflected light to interfere and combine to form a combined light to narrow a reflectivity peak spectrum width.

Abstract: A monolithically integrated thermal tunable laser comprising a layered substrate comprising an upper surface and a lower surface, and a thermal tuning assembly comprising a heating element positioned on the upper surface, a waveguide layer positioned between the upper surface and the lower surface, and a thermal insulation layer positioned between the waveguide layer and the lower surface, wherein the thermal insulation layer is at least partially etched out of an Indium Phosphide (InP) sacrificial layer, and wherein the thermal insulation layer is positioned between Indium Gallium Arsenide (InGaAs) etch stop layers.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising at least one processor configured to receive a wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) signal from a remote node, wherein the WDM signal comprises a first channel carrying a first remotely generated signal, a second channel carrying a second remotely generated signal, and a third channel, adapt the WDM signal into a composite WDM signal by: dropping the first remotely generated signal from the first channel; adding a first locally generated signal to the first channel; and adding a second locally generated signal to the third channel, and provide wavelength locking to the first locally generated signal and the second locally generated signal without providing wavelength locking to the second remotely generated signal.

Abstract: A method comprising coupling a circuit to an opto-electronic package via an anisotropic conductive film (ACF), wherein the opto-electronic package is configured to communicate electrical signals via the coupling at a maximum frequency of about 10 gigahertz (GHz) to about 40 GHz. An apparatus comprising, an opto-electronic package comprising a plurality of first electrodes, and a circuit comprising a plurality of second electrodes, wherein at least one of the first electrodes is coupled to at least one of the second electrodes via an ACF, and wherein the opto-electronic package is configured to communicate electrical signals via the coupling at a maximum frequency of about 10 GHz to about 40 GHz.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform comprising an optical component network. An apparatus comprising an optical component network monolithically grown on a SOI platform, and an optical device coupled to the optical component network. A method comprising generating an optical signal using a silicon-based optical component, applying an electrical signal to the optical component, and tuning a wavelength of the optical signal based on the electrical signal.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a modulation block comprising a plurality of modulators, wherein each of the plurality of modulators comprises an optical input port and an optical output port, and wherein all of the optical input ports and all of the optical output ports are positioned on one face of the modulation block. Another apparatus comprising a modulation block comprising one or more Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZMs), wherein each MZM is coupled to an optical input port, an optical output port, and at least one electrical trace, wherein all of the optical input ports and all of the optical output ports are positioned on a first side of the modulation block, and wherein all of the electrical traces are positioned on a second side of the modulation block, and a planar lightwave circuit (PLC) coupled to the modulation block via an optical interface.

Abstract: A method of recycling scrap ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) foam involves foaming and crosslinking a blend containing virgin EVA resin and scrap EVA foam, as well as a crosslinking agent and blowing agent for the EVA resin. The blend further contains a compatibilizer, which is a hydrogenated petroleum resin.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a plurality of optical transmitters coupled to a fiber, a signal generator coupled to the optical transmitters and configured to provide a single pilot tone to the optical transmitters, and a processor positioned within a feedback loop between the fiber and the optical transmitters, the processor configured to adjust a wavelength for each of the optical transmitters to lock the wavelengths. An apparatus comprising at least one processor configured to implement a method comprising receiving an optical signal comprising a pilot tone, detecting an amplitude and a phase of the pilot tone, calculating a quadrature term using the amplitude and the phase, and wavelength locking the optical signal using the quadrature term.

Abstract: The invention features a class of 2-nitroimidazole compounds with a secondary basic nitrogen atom and a linker bearing one or more therapeutic agents, cytotoxic agents, detectable labels, or chelating groups. In particular, the invention provides 2-nitroimidazole compounds containing a cluster of boron atoms for use in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). The 2-nitroimidazole compounds can be used to treat hypoxic conditions, including, e.g., cancer, inflammation, and ischemia. The weakly basic 2-nitroimidazole compounds target to hypoxic tissue and provide increased tissue concentration overall.

Abstract: Included is an apparatus comprising a first circuit component comprising a plurality of optical devices each having an optical input port and an optical output port. All of the optical input ports and all of the optical output ports are positioned on a first side of the circuit component. Also included is a circuit component comprising a plurality of optical devices. The circuit component further comprises a plurality of electrical inputs coupled to the optical devices and positioned on a first side of the circuit component. The circuit component also comprises a plurality of optical input ports coupled to the optical devices and positioned on a second side of the circuit component that does not share any edges with the first side.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a plurality of optical transmitters and a wavelength locker shared by the plurality of optical transmitters. A periodic transmission filter used for wavelength locker operations is in a network communication path and shapes optical transmissions from the plurality of optical transmitters to a network. An apparatus comprising at least one processor configured to receive a pre-filter signal corresponding to part of an optical signal comprising a pilot tone and to receive a post-filter signal corresponding to a part of the optical signal that passes through a period transmission filter, wherein a filtered part of the optical signal is directed into a network. The processor is also configured to perform wavelength locking based on a quadrature detection technique that aligns an adiabatic logical one position of a modulated transmission signal with a spectral transmission peak of the period transmission filter.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a carrier comprising at least one heat-generating component and a thermoelectric cooler (TEC) coupled to a surface of the carrier, wherein the cross-sectional area of the TEC is less than the cross-sectional area of the carrier, and wherein the TEC is aligned with the heat-generating component. Included is an apparatus comprising a carrier comprising a plurality of optical transmitters and an active component, at least one TEC coupled to the surface of the carrier, and a support post coupled to the surface of the carrier, wherein the support post has a higher thermal resistivity than the TEC, wherein the cross-sectional area of the TEC is less than the cross-sectional area of the carrier, and wherein the TEC is aligned with the optical transmitters, the active component, or both.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising at least one processor configured to receive a wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) signal from a remote node, wherein the WDM signal comprises a first channel carrying a first remotely generated signal, a second channel carrying a second remotely generated signal, and a third channel, adapt the WDM signal into a composite WDM signal by: dropping the first remotely generated signal from the first channel; adding a first locally generated signal to the first channel; and adding a second locally generated signal to the third channel, and provide wavelength locking to the first locally generated signal and the second locally generated signal without providing wavelength locking to the second remotely generated signal.