Abstract: Enhanced protocols and devices may be used to alleviate loss of spectrum efficiency in wideband transmission. The protocols may implement a wideband transmission opportunity (TXOP) truncation where one or more of the channels involved in communication over the wideband are released. In one scenario, a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may obtain a TXOP for a 2 MHz bandwidth mode frame transmission with another device capable of operating in a 2 MHz bandwidth mode and a 1 MHz bandwidth mode. The WTRU may conduct a request-to-send (RTS)/clear-to-send (CTS) frame exchange in the second bandwidth mode, and truncate the TXOP by transmitting a contention free (CF)-End frame in the first and second bandwidth modes. In another scenario, an AP may obtain a TXOP for a 2 MHz bandwidth mode frame transmission with a WTRU capable of both 2 MHz and 1 MHz bandwidth modes.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are provided to implement data transmission, comprising: receiving a first signal from an access point (AP) indicating that a primary channel is associated with a first frequency band associated with a first period of time; determining by an IEEE 802.11 station (STA) that a channel condition associated with a secondary channel is better than a channel condition associated with the primary channel; reserving the primary channel associated with the first frequency, wherein the reserving of the primary channel comprises occupying or reserving the primary channel during the first period of time; and sending data over the secondary channel while the primary channel is occupied or reserved.

Abstract: A method and apparatus may provide multi-user parallel channel access (MU-PCA) and/or single-user parallel channel access (SU-PCA) using transmit and/or receive with symmetrical bandwidth, in the downlink (DL), uplink (UL), or combined DL and UL. SU-PCA and MU-PCA may support unequal modulation and coding schemes (MCS) and unequal transmit power. Medium access control (MAC) layer, Physical layer (PHY), and mixed and PHY layer methods and procedures may support UL, DL and combined UL and DL SU-PCA and MU-PCA using transmit and/or receive with symmetrical bandwidth. MU-PCA and/or SU-PCA may also be supported by MAC and PHY layer designs and procedures for downlink, uplink and combined uplink and downlink using transmit/receive with asymmetrical bandwidth.

Abstract: A methods and apparatus may be used for accelerated link setup. A method may include a station (STA) acquiring information about an access point of an Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 network in advance through a previously connected IEEE 802.11 interface and/or an interface other than the IEEE 802.11 network. The STA may use the acquired information during a link setup procedure between the STA and the access point. The information may include a suggestion for a specific procedure to complete the link setup procedure between the STA and the access point.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described to implement an interference management method in a WLAN. An access point (AP) or an inter-BSS coordinator (IBC) may identify a station (STA) associated with a first basic service set (BSS) as an edge STA or a non-edge STA. The AP or the IBC may group the edge STA into an edge group and a non-edge STA into a non-edge group. The AP or the IBC may receive information associated with a second BSS. The AP or the IBC may coordinate access of the edge group and/or the non-edge group. The access may be coordinated to minimize interference of the edge STA. The access may be based at least on the received information associated with the second BSS. The AP or the IBC may adjust transmit power of a plurality of STAs identified as edge group STAs and non-edge group STAs.

Abstract: A method and apparatus may be used for WiFi sectorization medium access control enhancement (WiSE MAC). An IEEE 802.11 STA may receive an omni-directional indication of a first sectorized transmission opportunity (TXOP) associated with a second STA. The omni-directional indication may include an identifier (ID) of a first sector associated with the first sectorized TXOP. The STA may transmit a directional indication of a second sectorized TXOP a condition that a second sector associated with the second sectorized TXOP does not interfere with the first sector associated with the first sectorized TXOP.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are provided to implement transmission scheduling. A multiband device may send a request via a first frequency band. The request may include a multiband Request to Send (MRTS) transmission. The request may be associated with a second frequency band and/or a beamforming training schedule. The first frequency band may be associated with a quasi-omni transmission and the second frequency band may be associated with a directional transmission. The first frequency band may be a 5 GHz band and the second frequency band may be a 60 GHz band. The multiband device may receive a multiband Clear to Send (MCTS) transmission via the first frequency band confirming the request. The multiband device may be configured to send a beamforming signal in accordance with the request, for example, via the second frequency band. The beamforming signal may be sent in accordance with a beamforming training schedule.

Abstract: A transducer includes a housing, a magnet unit, an elastic diaphragm, a vibration unit, and a coil. The housing has a first housing and a second housing to form a storing space. The magnet unit is secured in the first housing. The elastic diaphragm is a thin layer and disposed between the second housing and the vibration unit. The spiral coil is mounted on the vibration unit and has two electrical connecting points for inputting electric signal of alternating current. Hence, the coil can generate continuous vibration caused by alternating attraction/repelling force of the magnet unit. When the frequency of the electric signal is within 20˜20000 Hz, the elastic diaphragm generates sound signals within earshot. When it is within 10˜20 Hz, it can generate vibration signals. So, signal unit can produce sound and vibration. In addition, it saves space for effectuating the thickness minimization of a product.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for communication in a network of WLAN overlapping basic service set (OBSS) are disclosed. A station or an access point may indicate its interference reporting and inter-BSS coordination capabilities in a message. At least one of quality of service (QoS) settings, transmission opportunity (TXOP), restricted access window (RAW) or beacon subinterval schedules, or traffic indication map (TIM) or uplink access window assignment may be coordinated. The station may receive a request for interference measurements on the basic service set (BSS) of the station or neighboring BSSs that the station can overhear. The station may transmit an interference measurement report to an access point. The coordination may be performed based on the interference measurement report. Furthermore, STAs may transmit channel or sector preferences to APs and receive channel or sector assignments.

Abstract: A method for associating a new end-station (end-STA) with a relay access point (R-AP) in a relay transmission. An assignment of a new identifier is transmitted to the new end-STA, wherein traffic indication map indications for the new end-STA in a beacon from the R-AP follows the transmission of the new identifier assignment. A message is sent to a root access point (AP), the message including an indication of a number of information fields in the message and at least one information field, each of the at least one information fields including an identifier of one end-STA associated with the R-AP. An acknowledgement is received from the root AP on a condition that the root AP correctly receives the message and associates an identifier of the end-STA with an identifier of the R-AP.

Abstract: A methods and apparatus may be used for accelerated link setup. A method may include a station (STA) acquiring information about an access point of an Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 network in advance through a previously connected IEEE 802.11 interface and/or an interface other than the IEEE 802.11 network. The STA may use the acquired information during a link setup procedure between the STA and the access point. The information may include a suggestion for a specific procedure to complete the link setup procedure between the STA and the access point.

Abstract: A method and apparatus may be used in multi-AP and multi-wireless transmit/receive unit joint transmissions. The apparatus may be configured to transmit a joint transmission request on a first medium, and receive a joint transmission response on the first medium. In response, the apparatus my perform a joint transmission negotiation on a second medium and transmit data on the second medium based on the joint transmission negotiation. The apparatus may be configured to perform coordinated sectorized or beamformed transmissions through access point (AP)/PCP negotiations. The apparatus may provide an indication of support for joint transmission and coordinated sectorized or beamformed transmissions. The method and apparatus may also implement multi-AP/WTRU request-to-send (RTS)/clear-to-send (CTS) procedures. The apparatus may be configured to perform coordinated sectorized or beamforming grouping.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for coordinated orthogonal channel access (COCA) are described. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) of a plurality of WTRUs receives a trigger to transmit an uplink (UL) control frame on a channel simultaneously with at least one other of the plurality of WTRUs. The WTRU transmits the control frame on the channel in response to receiving the trigger.

Abstract: A method for active scanning in a wireless network may include two transmitters. In such a method, the following steps may take place: detecting a first probe request having a scanning target originating from a first transmitter; desiring to send a probe request to the scanning target from a second transmitter; and canceling the second probe request on a condition that the second transmitter detects the first probe request.

Abstract: A transducer includes a housing, a magnet unit, an elastic diaphragm, a vibration unit, and a coil. The housing has a first housing and a second housing to form a storing space. The magnet unit is secured in the first housing. The elastic diaphragm is a thin layer and disposed between the second housing and the vibration unit. The spiral coil is mounted on the vibration unit and has two electrical connecting points for inputting electric signal of alternating current. Hence, the coil can generate continuous vibration caused by alternating attraction/repelling force of the magnet unit. When the frequency of the electric signal is within 20˜20000 Hz, the elastic diaphragm generates sound signals within earshot. When it is within 10˜20 Hz, it can generate vibration signals. So, signal unit can produce sound and vibration. In addition, it saves space for effectuating the thickness minimization of a product.

Abstract: A method for active scanning in a wireless network may include two transmitters. In such a method, the following steps may take place: detecting a first probe request having a scanning target originating from a first transmitter; desiring to send a probe request to the scanning target from a second transmitter; and canceling the second probe request on a condition that the second transmitter detects the first probe request.

Abstract: Relays can be used to facilitate communication of a packet, such as from a base station to a mobile device. The packet can include a header that designates an intended destination for the packet. The header can transfer such that the intended destination designation can be sent with or without being decompressed at a relay. If there is more than one relay involved in communication, then the header can configure such that the header is accessible without performing decompression. However, if there is one relay stop, then the header can compress the designator in such a way that decompression should occur.

Abstract: The present invention concerns CD4+ T survivin epitopes and their vaccines and diagnostic uses.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a conference recording method and a conference system. The conference recording method includes: extracting, based on a configuration file, key information of each site at each time point of multiple time points in a conference timeline, where the conference timeline is associated with a conference time, and the configuration file is used to define the key information of the conference and a format of a conference abstract; combining the key information of each site into a key index point, where the key index point is used as an index point for interacting with or editing a conference abstract; and integrating multiple key index points corresponding to multiple time points to form the conference abstract.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a conference recording method and a conference system. The conference recording method includes: extracting, based on a configuration file, key information of each site at each time point of multiple time points in a conference timeline, where the conference timeline is associated with a conference time, and the configuration file is used to define the key information of the conference and a format of a conference abstract; combining the key information of each site into a key index point, where the key index point is used as an index point for interacting with or editing a conference abstract; and integrating multiple key index points corresponding to multiple time points to form the conference abstract.