Abstract: A top-emitting organic electroluminescent device and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The device comprises a substrate (101), an anode layer (102), a hole-injecting layer (103), a hole-transporting layer (104), a light-emitting layer (105), an electron-transporting layer (106), an electron-injecting layer (107), and a cathode layer (108), which are stacked in order. The cathode layer (108) comprises an aluminum layer (1081) and a composite thin film (1082), which consists of Ag and SiO. The aluminum layer (1081) is deposited on the electron-injecting layer (107), and the composite thin film (1082) is deposited on the aluminum layer (1081). The cathode layer (108) has a composite-layer structure consisting of the Ag and the SiO, so the light transmittance of the device is enhanced, and the emission efficiency of the device can be improved.

Abstract: A top-emitting organic light-emitting device (OLED) and a method for preparing the same are provided. The top-emitting organic light-emitting device comprises, stacked in sequence, a substrate (101), an anode layer (102), a self-assembled modification monolayer (103), a hole-transport layer (104), a light-emitting layer (105), an electron-transport layer (106), an electron-injection layer (107) and a cathode layer (108). The self-assembled modification monolayer (103) is formed of alkanethiol having a general formula CH3(CH2)n—SH. Utilizing the self-assembled modification monolayer (103), the work-function of the anode layer (102) is increased, the hole-injection barrier between the anode layer (102) and the hole-transport layer (104) is reduced, the start-voltage of the OLED is decreased, and the luminous efficiency of the OLED is improved.

Abstract: A power distribution system has a plurality of reactive power resources including capacitor banks and distributed energy resources connected to branches of the power distribution system. Power loss is reduced in the distribution system by determining discrete switch states for the capacitor banks and continuous set points for the distributed energy resources, so that the reactive power provided by the reactive power resources reduces power loss while optionally correcting voltage violations in the power distribution system when the capacitor banks are set in accordance with the respective discrete switch states and the distributed energy resources are operated at the respective continuous set points. The range of values for the continuous set points is constrained based on maximum and minimum reactive power limits for each distributed energy resource under consideration.

Abstract: Fault analysis for an electric network having a plurality of multi-phase buses is performed by computing equivalent circuits for the multi-phase buses of interest. Each equivalent circuit includes an N×N impedance matrix, N corresponding to the number of phases of the multi-phase bus for which that equivalent circuit is computed. Elements of the impedance matrices are determined based on voltages resulting from a plurality of experimental current injection vectors and a factorized pre-fault admittance matrix. The pre-fault admittance matrix represents nodal admittance of the multi-phase buses without faults. A fault current injection vector for each multi-phase bus and fault type of interest is determined based on the equivalent circuit determined for that multi-phase bus. A fault voltage vector for each multi-phase bus and fault type of interest is determined based on the factorized pre-fault admittance matrix and the fault current injection vector determined for that multi-phase bus and fault type.

Abstract: Outage scope for an electrical distribution system is estimated by generating downstream outage prediction information indicating whether any service area protected by one of the terminal protective devices of the electrical distribution system likely has a power outage based on reported outage information. Upstream outage prediction information is generated which indicates whether any service area protected by one of the non-terminal protective devices of the electrical distribution system likely has a power outage based on the downstream outage prediction information. Each protective device is predicted to be in an open or closed state based on the downstream and upstream outage prediction information so that more than one open protective device can be identified when more than one fault occurs in different parts of the electrical distribution system.

Abstract: A substrate, manufacturing method thereof, and an organic electroluminescent device using the same are provided, belonging to photoelectron field. The substrate includes a paper layer (102), a first protection layer (101) formed on the lower surface of the paper layer, and a second protection layer (103) formed on the upper surface and covering the same of the paper layer. The substrate, solves problems of paper which is easy to absorb humidity and has high permeability of oxygen by a protection processing that said paper is coated with the heat seal film of polyethylene terephthalate coated with Polyvinyl Dichloride. At the meantime, the substrate has the advantages of cheap material, extensive sources, simple manufacturing process, good flexibility of the substrate, and good capability of preventing the permeability of water as well.

Abstract: A flexible organic electroluminescent device and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The device comprises a substrate (101), an anode layer (103), a hole-injecting layer (104), a hole-transporting layer (105), a light-emitting layer (106), an electron-transporting layer (107), an electron-injecting layer (108), and a cathode layer (109), which are stacked in order. The device further comprises a buffer layer (102) between the substrate (101) and the anode layer (103). The anode layer (103) is a multilayer composite structure, which comprises ZnS/Ag/MoO3. The bonding force between the anode layer (103) and the substrate (101) is enhanced by inserting buffer layer (102). The device has a good bending endurance performance, a stable luminous property and a high light emitting efficiency.

Abstract: A voltage regulation optimization (VRO) system receives inputs from a DCS or other distribution network control/monitoring system. The VRO then calculates optimized control commands for various network devices including the controllable taps of voltage regulating transformers.

Abstract: An electrically conductive film is provided, which comprises a film formed of zinc oxide adulterated with alumina, silicon dioxide and magnesia. The transparence of the zinc oxide film is increased by means of magnesium ion in the adulterated magnesia widening the transparent window of the zinc oxide film, the conductivity is increased and thus the resistivity is reduced by means of adulterating with alumina and silicon dioxide, and the resistivity during working is stabilized by means of adulterating with alumina, silicon dioxide and magnesia. A method for manufacturing the electrically conductive film and an application therefor are also provided. The method has simple process, mild conditions, low cost and high productivity, which is suit for industrialized produce.

Abstract: Disclosed are a double-sided luminescent organic light emitting device and the manufacturing method thereof. The double-sided luminescent organic light emitting device comprises a transparent substrate (21), an anode (22), a transparent cathode (25), and at least two organic light emitting structures (23a, 23b) and at least a charge-generation layer (24) set between the anode (22) and the transparent cathode (25), and the charge-generation layer (24) is set between the two neighboring organic light emitting structures (23a, 23b), the charge-generation layer (24) and the organic light emitting structures (23a, 23b) are alternately arranged. The charge-generation layer (24) includes an n-type semiconductor layer (241) and a p-type semiconductor (242) layer combined with the n-type semiconductor layer. Said double-sided light emitting organic light emitting device requires low driving current, and has high luminescence efficiency, high brightness, and high light extraction efficiency.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence device is provided. The device comprises an anode base layer (110), a hole injection layer (120) on the anode base layer (110), a light emitting layer (130) on the hole injection layer (120), and a cathode electrode layer (140) on the light emitting layer (130). The material of the hole injection layer (120) is metal oxide or thiophene type compound. The hole injection layer (120) has advantages of improving the recombination probability of electron-hole and not being easily oxidized, so that the efficiency of the organic electroluminescence device is increased and the service life is prolonged. A method for manufacturing the organic electroluminescence device is also provided.

Abstract: A method is described for collecting inference execution events from forward-chaining business rule engines and constructing causality network graphs for visual presentation to an end user. Using the causality network graph, the user may navigate logic paths leading to particular conclusions or actions.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence device comprises the following structure: a conductive base (110), a hole injection layer (120), a light emission layer (140), and a cathode layer (170) are laminated in sequence. The material of the hole injection layer (120) comprises a conductive polymer and an azo initiator. A nano-network structure is provided on the connecting surface of the hole injection layer (120) and the light emission layer (140). After being heated to a higher temperature, the azo initiator can be decompounded to release N2, thus the nano-network structure is formed on the surface of the hole injection layer (120). The nano-network structure can efficiently increase the contacting area of the hole injection layer (120) and the adjacent layer. The injection efficiency of the hole is improved. A manufacturing method of the organic electroluminescence device is also provided.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device and a method of manufacture thereof are provided. The device comprises a conductive substrate, a hole-injecting layer, a light-emitting layer, and a cathode layer, which are stacked in order. The material of the hole-injecting layer is made of an acid-doped polyaniline. The polyaniline has good conductivity and high stability, and the polyaniline is suitable as the material of hole-injecting layer. The acid-doped polyaniline can significantly improve the solubility and conductivity. As a result of the acid-doped polyaniline as the hole-injecting layer, the light-emitting performance of the organic electroluminescent device is basically same as a traditional OLED, and the cost is lowered.

Abstract: A method and computer program product for optimization of large scale resource scheduling problems. Large scale resource scheduling problems are computationally very hard and extremely time consuming to solve. This invention provides a Lagrangian relaxation based solution method. The method has two distinct characteristics. First, the method is formal. It is completely structure-based and does not use any problem domain specific knowledge in the solution process, either in the dual optimization or the primal feasibility enforcement process. Second, updating the Lagrangian multipliers after solution of every sub-problem without using penalty factors results in fast and smooth convergence in the dual optimization. The combination of high quality dual solution and the structure-based primal feasibility enforcement produces a high quality primal solution with very small solution gap.

Abstract: The method determines the optimal settings for the controllable taps ut of voltage regulating transformers and the capacitor bank switches uc in a distribution network. Var optimization is calculated with the controllable tap settings ut fixed at an initial value, or the best value found so far, to output an optimized set of control settings uc. Voltage optimization is calculated with the control settings uc fixed at the best solution found so far, to output an optimal set of control settings ut. Using an objective function, system performance is evaluated using the optimal set of control settings ut and uc and repeating the steps until either the control values ut and uc do not change from one iteration to the next, the objective function value does not change or if the new objective function value is greater than the last. The control values ut and uc are then output to a distribution control system.

Abstract: Var optimization (VARO) is a subsystem of a voltage and var optimization (VVO) system that processes a capacitor switching optimization problem. The VARO is a self contained process that may work stand alone or in conjunction with a Voltage Regulation Optimization (VRO) system to provide integrated VVO solutions. The VARO system takes network inputs and calculates optimal settings for distribution network capacitor banks.

Abstract: The system integrates a business rule engine with an engineering application that performs one or more predetermine functions relating to the monitoring, analyzing or controlling of a physical system. Rule processing requests are transmitted from the engineering application to a rule based service which manages the data retrieval, data insertion, rule engine invocation activities in a two pass design so as to optimize the rule processing performance for online system monitoring and control.

Abstract: The method determines the optimal settings for the controllable taps ut of voltage regulating transformers and the capacitor bank switches uc in a distribution network. Var optimization is calculated with the controllable tap settings ut fixed at an initial value, or the best value found so far, to output an optimized set of control settings uc. Voltage optimization is calculated with the control settings uc fixed at the best solution found so far, to output an optimal set of control settings ut. Using an objective function, system performance is evaluated using the optimal set of control settings ut and uc and repeating the steps until either the control values ut and uc do not change from one iteration to the next, the objective function value does not change or if the new objective function value is greater than the last. The control values ut and uc are then output to a distribution control system.

Abstract: A voltage regulation optimization (VRO) system receives inputs from a DCS or other distribution network control/monitoring system. The VRO then calculates optimized control commands for various network devices including the controllable taps of voltage regulating transformers.