Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for producing plants displaying enhanced disease resistance by transgenic over-expression of Elongator Complex subunit ELP3 or ELP4 genes. Methods and compositions for production of plants with altered growth habit (e.g. runner development) are also provided.

Abstract: There is provided a solenoid pipe including a pipe formed of a ferromagnetic material containing 15 mass % or more to 18 mass % or less of Cr, an electromagnetic coil, and a valve body. A part of the pipe includes a reform portion, and the reform portion has a composition in which a component of the ferromagnetic material is mixed with a component of a Ni-containing material. e/d which is a ratio of a maximum deformation amount e of an outer circumferential surface side of the reform portion of the pipe with respect to a thickness d of the pipe near the reform portion is 0.5 or less, and c/d which is a ratio of a maximum deformation amount c of an inner circumferential surface side of the reform portion of the pipe with respect to the thickness d of the pipe is 0.5 or less. Accordingly, it is possible to obtain a locally feeble magnetized pipe with high dimensional accuracy and the solenoid valve using the pipe.

Abstract: This application discloses a packet transmission method and apparatus, to help trace a source router generating a routing information update packet, so as to improve network maintenance efficiency and shorten failure duration. The method includes: generating, by a first router, a first routing information update packet; generating, by the first router, a first source-tracing packet, where the first source-tracing packet is used to indicate that the first router is a source router generating the first routing information update packet; and determining, by the first router, that a second router adjacent to the first router has a source-tracing capability, and sending the first source-tracing packet to the second router.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a laser welding method making it possible to secure the effective welding length when the laser beam is applied obliquely. In a laser welding method in which oscillation scanning is periodically effected with a laser beam 4 while moving an object of welding 9 to apply the laser beam to a surface of the object of welding 9 to perform welding, at least one of the output of the laser beam 4, a scanning speed, and a scanning track is controlled, whereby welding is effected with input heat amounts on both left and right sides with respect to the welding progressing direction being substantially different from each other.

Abstract: There is provided a manufacturing method of a hollow composite magnetic member having weakened magnetism in a portion of a ferromagnetic hollow member, the method includes: a step of forming a weak-magnetic area having weakened magnetism by melting and mixing a Ni-containing material and the hollow member by continuously supplying the Ni-containing material to a portion of the hollow member and heating the irradiation area having a line segment shape with the laser beam. Accordingly, since it is possible to prevent drop of a local portion of a hollow ferromagnetic pipe from being easily generated by a weak-magnetization treatment, to greatly reduce deformation generated by laser irradiation, and it becomes unnecessary to adjust the shielding gas pressure inside the pipe, the weak-magnetization treatment can be performed with higher efficiency and higher quality.

Abstract: There is provided a hollow composite magnetic member obtained by partially reforming a hollow member which is formed of a ferromagnetic material containing Cr of 15 mass % or more and 18 mass % or less, in which the reformed portion includes an alloy containing Cr of 8 mass % or more and 18 mass % and Ni of 6.5 mass % or more and 50 mass % or less. Accordingly, a hollow composite magnetic member having a small width of the nonmagnetic portion and a fuel injection valve having the same can be provided.

Abstract: A method for establishing a neighbor relationship, where corresponding authentication information is added to packets that are sent from a first network device and a second network device to each other. The first network device sends a hello packet to the second network device. The second network device receives the hello packet, performs authentication, and responds to the hello packet using an extended unidirectional link (UDL) link state packet (LSP) when the authentication succeeds. The first network device receives the extended UDL LSP, and performs authentication. When an authentication result includes that both the first network device and the second network device enable authentication and the authentication succeeds, a neighbor relationship between the first network device and the second network device may be established.

Abstract: A nuclear reactor fuel rod is a fuel rod for a light-water reactor. The nuclear reactor fuel rod includes a fuel cladding tube and an end plug, both of which are formed of a silicon carbide material. A bonding portion between the fuel cladding tube and the end plug is formed by brazing with a predetermined metal bonding material interposed, and/or by diffusion bonding. The predetermined metal bonding material has a solidus temperature of 1200° C. or higher. An outer surface of the bonding portion, and a portion of an outer surface of the fuel cladding tube and the end plug, which is adjacent to the outer surface of the bonding portion are covered by bonding-portion coating formed of a predetermined coating metal. The predetermined metal bonding material and the predetermined coating metal have an average linear expansion coefficient which is less than 10 ppm/K.

Abstract: A switching regulator with constant on time control adopts a timer to time when the system is in discontinuous current mode (DCM). If the DCM lasted for a set time, a power stage in the switching regulator is controlled to be ON for a minimum on time duration, so as to ensure the switching regulator enters sleep mode.

Abstract: Provided herein is a fuel rod and a fuel assembly for light water reactors in which crack penetration to a fuel cladding tube or an end plug can be prevented even when cracking occurs at the joint between the fuel cladding tube and the end plug for which a ceramic base material is used. A fuel rod 10a for light water reactors includes: a cylindrical cladding tube 11 formed of a ceramic base material; a connection 21 formed of the same or similar material to the cladding tube 11; and an end plug 12a having a concave portion 12f of a continuously curved surface shape adapted to house the connection 21. The end plug 12a is formed of the same or similar material to the cladding tube 11. A slanted surface 11a formed at an end portion of the cladding tube 11, and a slanted surface 12d formed at an end portion of the end plug 12a are joined in contact with each other with a metallic joint material 20. The joint is supported by the connection 21.

Abstract: A method for performing bidirectional forwarding detection (BFD) on an aggregated link between a first network device and a second network device, where the first network device sends, to the second network device, information used to establish at least two BFD sessions. The first network device receives information that is used to establish at least two BFD sessions and sent by the second network device. The first network device respectively establishes BFD sessions between at least two pairs of ports according to the stored information and the information sent by the second network device. The first network device determines whether at least one BFD session in the established BFD sessions is up. If at least one BFD session in the established BFD sessions is up, the first network device determines that the aggregated link between the first network device and the second network device is available.

Abstract: A bit error information transfer method, a network device, and a communications system are provided, so as to resolve a problem that an existing BFD mechanism cannot be applied to a layer 2 network and cannot be widely applied. In some feasible implementation manners of the application, the method includes: detecting, by a second network device, whether a bit error occurs on a first unidirectional link from a first network device to the second network device; when detecting that a bit error occurs on the first unidirectional link, generating an ISIS packet including bit error information, where the bit error information is used to indicate that the bit error occurs on the first unidirectional link; and sending the ISIS packet to the first network device.

Abstract: Provided is a reservoir (120) of a dehumidifier (100) comprising an enclosure (121) defining an interior region and an exterior region; a first guide surface operatively engaged with a first counterpart surface of the dehumidifier (100) to define a guide path (140);and a handle (130) engaged with the reservoir (120). The handle (130) comprises a grasping surface adapted for being grasped by a hand of a user. The handle (130) is rotatably movable relative to the reservoir (120) between a first position and a second position. In the first position the handle is positioned to provide means for a user to ergonomically draw the reservoir along the guide path by hand. In the second position, the handle is positioned to provide means for a user to ergonomically carry the reservoir by hand.

Abstract: A display panel and a method for fabricating the display panel are proposed. The method includes steps of forming an amorphous silicon (a-Si) film on a substrate, the a-Si film comprising at least two a-Si layers, and densities of dice of the two adjacent a-Si layers being different; and transforming the a-Si film into a polycrystalline silicon film. The poly-silicon layer have less grain boundaries and larger dice, thereby increasing carrier mobility of the poly-silicon film and correspondingly improving the performance of the display panel.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a laser welding quality determination method for improving a determination accuracy of a welding quality which is strongly affected by an inner defect of a welding bead, and a laser welding apparatus which includes a mechanism for performing the quality determination method. There is provided a laser welding quality determination method of determining a welding quality in laser welding, including: capturing an image of a molten pool formed by emitting a laser beam to a welding target material to acquire image data of the molten pool; measuring a width of the molten pool in a direction orthogonal to a welding direction from the acquired image data of the molten pool; calculating a penetration depth from the measured width of the molten pool; and determining the welding quality from the measured width and the calculated penetration depth of the molten pool.

Abstract: An impedance spectroscopy biosensor is provided that is fabricated on a stretchable substrate. The stretchable substrate is integrated with an impedance biosensor that undergoes cyclic strain without cracking.

Abstract: A Cu-interconnection etching device includes an etching liquid tank containing therein an etching liquid that is a hydrogen peroxide based solution, a first concentration monitoring device receiving the etching liquid from the etching liquid tank and measuring a copper ion concentration of the etching liquid. The etching liquid is supplied through a filter assembly that filters off copper ions contained in the etching liquid so as to provide a filtered etching liquid. The filter etching liquid is supplied through a second concentration monitoring device that measures a copper ion concentration of the filtered etching liquid and conducts the filtered etching liquid back to the etching liquid tank. A variation between the measurements of the first and second concentration monitoring devices is used to control the operation of the filter assembly in order to maintain a proper level of copper ion concentration in the etching liquid.

Abstract: In a network constructed according to a network planning parameter, access scheduling is performed on a User Equipment UE in accordance with a type of a service of the UE; statistics on an indicator of performing access scheduling on the UE are acquired; and it is determined whether the indicator meets a requirement in network capacity planning; and when the indicator meets the requirement, a target planning parameter is determined as the network planning parameter; otherwise when the indicator does not meet the requirement, the network planning parameter is adjusted until the indicator meets the requirement in network capacity planning. Network capacity for multiple services is planned according to service features, improving accuracy of network capacity planning.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of improving lifetime of etching liquid and yield in Cu-interconnection process and a Cu-interconnection etching device. The method comprises: step 1, providing an etching spray rising tank (1) and an etching liquid tank (2) connected to the etching spray rising tank (1), and the etching liquid tank (2) contains etching liquid; step 2, employing a first concentration monitoring device (4) to measure a copper ion concentration of the etching liquid in the etching liquid tank (2), and employing a filter (5) to perform copper ion filtering to the etching liquid in the etching liquid tank (2); step 3, employing a second concentration monitoring device (6) to measure a copper ion concentration of the etching liquid after filtering in the step 2, and controlling an amount of the filters (5) employed in the step 2 and reflowing the etching liquid after filtering to the etching liquid tank (2).

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, network device, and system for sending and receiving a packet. The method includes fragmenting, by a first network device, a first Hello packet. Each Hello fragment packet has a fragment ID and a content identifier. The first network device sends fragment brief information of the first Hello packet to a second network device. The fragment brief information of the first Hello packet includes fragment information of each Hello fragment packet. The first network device sends the Hello fragment packet corresponding to the first Hello packet if the first network device receives a request packet sent by the second network device.