Abstract: The present disclosure provides a device for reducing residual amplitude modulation. The device includes an electro-optic modulation device with three crystals connected in series. The three crystals are the first cubic crystal, an intermediate crystal, and the second cubic crystal respectively. The intermediate crystal is an electro-optic modulating crystal. The intermediate crystal is connected to the high-frequency signal source module. The specification of the intermediate crystal is X mm×Y mm×d mm. The first cubic crystal and the second cubic crystal is connected to both ends of the intermediate crystal in series along the direction of the X axis. The relative dielectric constant of the first cubic crystal and the relative dielectric constant of the second cubic crystal both are equal to the relative dielectric constant of the intermediate crystal. The specification of the first cubic crystal and the specification of the second cubic crystal both are d/2 mm×Y mm×d mm.

Abstract: Method and apparatus of an optical routing system (“ORS”) capable of automatically discovering intra-nodal fiber connections using a test channel transceiver (“TCT”) are disclosed. ORS, in one embodiment, includes a set of reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (“ROADM”) modules, intra-nodal fiber connections, add-drop modules, and a test module. The ROADM modules are able to transmit or receive optical signals via optical fibers. The intra-nodal fiber connections are configured to provide optical connections. The add-drop modules are able to selectively make connections between input ports and output ports. The test module containing TCT is configured to identify at least a portion of intra-nodal connections of the ROADM via a test signal operating with a unique optical frequency.

Abstract: The disclosed methods, apparatus, and systems allow safe and easy deployment of amplifier products that exceed laser safe limits without the need for fiber testing and characterization or OTDR techniques. One example embodiment is a method for ensuring eye safety in an optical network. The example method includes detecting optical connectivity between an output of a transmit amplifier and a passive optical processing element. The transmit amplifier is located at a first network node and is configured to output optical power greater than eye-safe level. The passive optical processing element is located at a second network node and is configured to guarantee a reduction of a maximum optical power level at an output side of the passive optical processing element to an eye-safe optical level. The detecting occurs at the first network node, and the transmit amplifier is enabled or disabled as a function of detection of the optical connectivity.

Abstract: A design method of a heat dissipation system of a wind generator system for severe environments includes constructing an outer air duct of the heat dissipation system; determining a suction air amount of the outer air duct; setting an air velocity of an air inlet of the outer air duct; determining an area of the air inlet of the outer air duct; providing the air inlet; and designing a settling chamber. With these steps, the original heat dissipation system of the wind generator system is additionally provided with the outer air duct. Further, the area of the air inlet is controlled to allow the air velocity at the air inlet to be 3 m/s to 4 m/s, thus rare or no suspended substances are suctioned into the outer air duct, and the radiators of the original heat dissipation system suction cooling air from the outer air duct.

Abstract: Method and apparatus of an optical routing system (“ORS”) capable of automatically discovering intra-nodal fiber connections using a test channel transceiver (“TCT”) are disclosed. ORS, in one embodiment, includes a set of reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (“ROADM”) modules, intra-nodal fiber connections, add-drop modules, and a test module. The ROADM modules are able to transmit or receive optical signals via optical fibers. The intra-nodal fiber connections are configured to provide optical connections. The add-drop modules are able to selectively make connections between input ports and output ports. The test module containing TCT is configured to identify at least a portion of intra-nodal connections of the ROADM via a test signal operating with a unique optical frequency.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for analyzing compositions of polypeptides such as antibodies by ionic strength-mediated pH gradient ion exchange chromatography. In some aspects, the methods use a combination of pH gradients and ionic strength gradients to separate the polypeptide from charge variants of the polypeptide. In some aspects, the methods use a stable ionic strength to optimize the pH gradient separation window to separate the polypeptide from charge variants. Such methods are useful for analyzing polypeptide, e.g. antibodies, with a pI greater than 9 or a pI less than 7. In some aspects, the invention provides a multiproduct method for the analysis of polypeptides of varying pI's.

Abstract: An intranodal reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer (ROADM) fiber management apparatus, and a system employing the apparatus. The apparatus comprises a plurality of ingress optical ports, a plurality of egress optical ports, and a plurality of optical interconnections interposed between ones of the plurality of ingress optical ports and ones of the plurality of egress optical ports. Each of the plurality of ingress optical ports corresponds to one of the plurality of egress optical ports. Each one of the plurality of ingress optical ports is optically coupled by way of the optical interconnections to at least one of the plurality of egress optical ports. Each one of the plurality of egress optical ports is optically coupled by way of the optical interconnections to at least one of the plurality of ingress optical ports.

Abstract: Example embodiments include an optical networking system (e.g., apparatus) and corresponding method. According to some embodiments, a plurality of shelves may be interconnected to form a daisy chain, each shelf including unpowered passive optical modules and the daisy chain including an active module having a passive power communication source. The passive power communication source may distribute passive power to memory devices on the one unpowered passive optical networking modules. The memory devices may provide respective communication as a function of interconnections of the daisy chain and passive power distributed by the passive power communication source. Advantages include unique identification of the memory devices without requiring active power to their corresponding modules, and continuous discovery and inventory of such memory devices.

Abstract: An intranodal reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer (ROADM) fiber management apparatus, and a system employing the apparatus. The apparatus comprises a plurality of ingress optical ports, a plurality of egress optical ports, and a plurality of optical interconnections interposed between ones of the plurality of ingress optical ports and ones of the plurality of egress optical ports. Each of the plurality of ingress optical ports corresponds to one of the plurality of egress optical ports. Each one of the plurality of ingress optical ports is optically coupled by way of the optical interconnections to at least one of the plurality of egress optical ports. Each one of the plurality of egress optical ports is optically coupled by way of the optical interconnections to at least one of the plurality of ingress optical ports.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for analyzing compositions of polypeptides such as antibodies by ionic strength-mediated pH gradient ion exchange chromatography. In some aspects, the methods use a combination of pH gradients and ionic strength gradients to separate the polypeptide from charge variants of the polypeptide. In some aspects, the methods use a stable ionic strength to optimize the pH gradient separation window to separate the polypeptide from charge variants. Such methods are useful for analyzing polypeptide, e.g. antibodies, with a pI greater than 9 or a pI less than 7. In some aspects, the invention provides a multiproduct method for the analysis of polypeptides of varying pI's.

Abstract: Example embodiments include an optical networking system (e.g., apparatus) and corresponding method. According to some embodiments, a plurality of shelves may be interconnected to form a daisy chain, each shelf including unpowered passive optical modules and the daisy chain including an active module having a passive power communication source. The passive power communication source may distribute passive power to memory devices on the one unpowered passive optical networking modules. The memory devices may provide respective communication as a function of interconnections of the daisy chain and passive power distributed by the passive power communication source. Advantages include unique identification of the memory devices without requiring active power to their corresponding modules, and continuous discovery and inventory of such memory devices.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an on-board camera, comprising a rear housing, a front housing, a lens mounted in the front housing and a sensor fixed on the rear housing; and its manufacturing method. The rear housing is welded to the front housing via a laser to form a seal cavity between the two housings to accommodate the lens and the sensor, and the focal length of the lens is adjusted by adjusting the distance between the sensor and the lens which is further adjusted by the welding height of the two housings.

Abstract: A dual-mode voice control method is disclosed. The method may comprise determining whether a user has executed an operation of activating an operate-to-speak stop determination mode in a voice input interface. The method may further comprise, in response to determining that the user has executed the operation of activating the operate-to-speak stop determination mode, determining whether a microphone is in a busy state. The method may further comprise, in response to determining that the microphone is in the busy state, switching a voice mode from a directly-speak automatic stop determination mode to the operate-to-speak stop determination mode. Before the user executes the operation of activating the operate-to-speak stop determination mode, the voice mode is in the directly-speak automatic stop determination mode if the microphone is in the busy state.

Abstract: A harmonic suppression system, including an interface connector is connected to a common end of a first differential SPMT switch; a control port of the first differential SPMT switch is connected to a control port of a second differential SPMT switch, and a gating throw end of the first differential SPMT switch is separately connected to one end of each LC trap network in a one-to-one correspondence; the control port of the second differential SPMT switch is connected to a baseband chip, each gating throw end of the second differential SPMT switch is separately connected to the other end of each LC trap network in a one-to-one correspondence, and a common end of the second differential SPMT switch is connected to the baseband chip; the baseband chip is connected to an antenna switch; and the antenna switch is connected to a antenna.

Abstract: This invention relates to the field of medium and nitrogen fixation technique. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of identifying whether Azotobacter secrets ammonia using nitrogen-free solid incubation media. Each liter of nitrogen-free incubation media comprises: K2HPO4 0.5-2 g, MgSO4.7H2O 0.1-0.5 g, CaCl2.2H2O 0.05-0.15 g, glucose 7-13 g, FeSO4.7H2O 0.005-0.02 g, NaMoO4.2H2O, 0.005-0.01 g, agar 10-20 g, and distilled water to balance. The present invention provides a method to identify whether Azotobacter secrets ammonia using nitrogen-free solid incubation media, which is simple and easy to carry out, and can accurately identify whether Azotobacter secreting nitrogenous compounds to extracellular and the ability of secretion, which play an important role in the development of bio-fertilizer industry.

Abstract: A circuit includes a main connector and a single-pole double-throw switch. A common contact of the main connector is used as a port of a main receiver, and a normally-closed contact of the main connector is used as a port of a main antenna. Furthermore, a normally-open contact of the main connector is used as a port of an external antenna, and a common contact of the single-pole double-throw switch is used as a port of a diversity receiver. Additionally, a normally-closed contact of the single-pole double-throw switch is used as port of a diversity antenna, and a normally-open contact of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the normally-closed contact of the main connector.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an on-board camera, comprising a rear housing, a front housing, a lens mounted in the front housing and a sensor fixed on the rear housing; and its manufacturing method. The rear housing is welded to the front housing via a laser to form a seal cavity between the two housings to accommodate the lens and the sensor, and the focal length of the lens is adjusted by adjusting the distance between the sensor and the lens which is further adjusted by the welding height of the two housings.

Abstract: Example embodiments are in a form of a system, corresponding electronics card (or apparatus), or corresponding method. Some embodiments include a multi-channel optical layer system. According to some embodiments, the system may include a network interface layer, an adapter layer, and an optical function layer. The adapter layer may learn functions and/or corresponding specifications from the function layer. The adapter layer may configure the adapter layer itself to interoperate between the network interface layer and the optical function layer. The adapter layer may provide flexibility in the size of configured functionality. The adapter layer may reduce cost of configuration (or reconfiguration) because functions may be discretized. New markets may be reached because of this reduced cost, as well as due to smaller size configurations (of hardware and software), reduced electronics, reduced power, and improved thermal cooling requirements for lesser-developed network configurations.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for determining chromatography separation conditions; for example, separation of a polypeptide and its charge variants. The invention also provides methods to determine a buffer condition for chromatography separation conditions. The invention also provides a robust method to analyze multiple polypeptide products.

Abstract: A harmonic suppression system, including an interface connector is connected to a common end of a first differential SPMT switch; a control port of the first differential SPMT switch is connected to a control port of a second differential SPMT switch, and a gating throw end of the first differential SPMT switch is separately connected to one end of each LC trap network in a one-to-one correspondence; the control port of the second differential SPMT switch is connected to a baseband chip, each gating throw end of the second differential SPMT switch is separately connected to the other end of each LC trap network in a one-to-one correspondence, and a common end of the second differential SPMT switch is connected to the baseband chip; the baseband chip is connected to an antenna switch; and the antenna switch is connected to a antenna.