Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a plurality of mobile network optimization processing methods, devices, and systems. Joint optimization is performed at an application layer and a communications layer, and information provided by the application layer is used to instruct UE to perform proper state transition, to optimize a state transition process of the UE, and reduce resource consumption caused during state transition of the UE.

Abstract: An aircraft control method and an apparatus are provided, and pertain to the field of communications technologies. The method performed by an AMF network element includes: obtaining information about a no-fly zone of an aircraft (301); sending reference information to a control apparatus when a shortest distance between the aircraft and the no-fly zone is less than or equal to a first preset value (302), where the reference information includes at least one of first indication information and location information of the aircraft, and the first indication information indicates that the shortest distance between the aircraft and the no-fly zone is less than or equal to the first preset value. This resolves problems that efficiency of preventing an aircraft from flying in a no-fly zone is relatively low and an advance preparation process is relatively complex and time-consuming, avoids installation of geofences on an edge of the no-fly zone.

Abstract: This application provides a multicast/broadcast service transmission method, a core network element, and a terminal device. The method performed by a first core network element includes: obtaining a multicast/broadcast access type supported by a terminal device that is located in a first service area of a multicast/broadcast service and that belongs to a group corresponding to the multicast/broadcast service; determining a multicast/broadcast transmission type of the multicast/broadcast service in the first service area based on the multicast/broadcast access type supported by the terminal device; and notifying an access network element corresponding to the multicast/broadcast service to use the multicast/broadcast transmission type to transmit data of the multicast/broadcast service.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to communications methods and apparatus. In one example method, a terminal device generates a first message. The first message is used to request to establish a protocol data unit (PDU) session home-routed to a first network. The terminal devices sends the first message to a first access and mobility management function (AMF) entity. The first AMF entity is a network element in a second network.

Abstract: A data transmission method and a related apparatus are disclosed. The method is performed by a local MBMS functional entity, and includes obtaining local MBMS bearer information by using an interface between the local MBMS functional entity and an MBMS functional entity in a core network, after receiving application layer data sent by a local application server, determining a local MBMS bearer information matching the application layer data, and sending the application layer data based on the local MBMS bearer information matching the application layer data.

Abstract: This application relates to the communications field, and discloses a communication method and a communications apparatus, so that a terminal device can register with a network through another network. The communication method is performed by a first access and mobility management function network element, including: receiving a first message from a terminal device, where the first message includes first identification information of the terminal device, and the first access and mobility management function network element is located in a first network; obtaining second identification information of the terminal device based on the first identification information; and sending a second message to a second access and mobility management function network element located in the second network, where the second message is used to request to register the terminal device with a second network, the second message includes the second identification information.

Abstract: This application relates to the field of wireless communications technologies, and provides a communication method, including: receiving, by a mobility management network element, first information from a terminal device; obtaining a user equipment context of the terminal device in a public network and a user equipment context of the terminal device in a private network based on the first information; and using the user equipment context of the terminal device in the public network and the user equipment context of the terminal device in the private network as a user equipment context of the terminal device. According to the solution provided in embodiments, the user equipment context of the terminal device includes the user equipment context in the public network and the user equipment context in the private network, so that the terminal device can access both the public network and the private network, thereby improving user experience.

Abstract: A method for detecting content of fluoride ions in a microsample, including: (1) preparing reagents; (2) preparing a detecting liquid; (3) loading samples; and (4) detecting the content of fluoride ions. The method of the invention can effectively overcome unstable factors in the prior art. Moreover, this method involves simple and rapid operation, the use of a small amount of a sample and simultaneous detection of multiple samples. The steps are standardized to reduce human error, allowing for more reliable results.

Abstract: A method for detecting concentration of iodine in water samples. An arsenite-containing test solution, a tetravalent cerium ion-containing test solution and a series of iodine-containing standard solutions are prepared. The standard solutions are added to primary wells of a microplate, respectively. A water sample is added to a secondary well. The arsenite-containing test solution and the tetravalent cerium ion-containing test solution are sequentially added to the primary wells and the secondary well. Reaction mixture in each well is reacted and then measured for absorbance by a detector. A standard curve is plotted according to the absorbance of each primary well and a concentration of each iodine-containing standard solution. The absorbance of the sample is plugged into the standard curve to obtain an iodine concentration in the sample.

Abstract: A communication method and a communications apparatus are disclosed. The method is performed by a control plane function entity and includes: obtaining a correspondence between address information of a user plane function entity and a user plane capability supported by the user plane function entity; receiving a request message from an application server, where the request message is used to request to establish a session for a first service and includes service information of the first service, and the service information includes at least one of broadcast area information and service type information; determining address information of a target user plane function entity based on the correspondence and the service information; and establishing a session connection to the target user plane function entity based on the address information.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to mobile edge computing (MEC) information obtaining methods and apparatus. One example method performed by a first network element includes receiving target reference information from a second network element, and sending, to the second network element, information about a MEC platform corresponding to the target reference information. The target reference information comprises target capability information.

Abstract: The present application discloses a discovery method and device, and relates to the field of wireless communications technologies, to resolve a problem that existing two communication parties cannot accurately discover each other, and then it cannot be ensured that the two communication parties perform service communication in a Prose manner. The method provided in the present application includes: sending a discovery message, where the discovery message includes application layer identifier information of a discovery target, and the discovery target is at least one target user or at least one communications group of a first user that uses the first MCPTT UE; and receiving a response message sent by second MCPTT UE, where the response message includes a layer 2 identifier of the second MCPTT UE and an application layer identifier of a user that uses the second MCPTT UE.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a session management method and an apparatus. The method includes: receiving, by a first session management SM entity, first session context information from a second SM entity; further, generating, by the first SM entity, second session context information based on the first session context information; and sending the second session context information to a terminal. As can be learned, a session in a tracking area update procedure of the terminal is updated in a scenario in which an MM entity and an SM entity are separated.

Abstract: A method for updating a key in an active state is disclosed according to the embodiments of the present invention. The method includes steps of: initiating a key update by a user equipment in the active state or a network side when a pre-defined condition is met; updating the key by the network side and the user equipment, and negotiating an activation time of the new keys. An apparatus for updating a key in an active state is also disclosed according to the present invention. With the present invention, the user equipment in an active state and the network side may actively initiate the key update procedure in different cases, thereby solving the problem concerning the key update for a session in an active state.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application relate to a communication method and an apparatus. The method includes: A CCF network element first sends reference information of an application to a first network element. Therefore, the first network element determines network slice information corresponding to the application; and then the first network element sends the determined network slice information to the CCF network element. In this way, the CCF network element may determine the network slice information corresponding to the application, so that when an API invoker network element searches for an API, the CCF network element can accurately find, based on an API inquiry parameter, the API from a network slice corresponding to the network slice information.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application disclose an overload control method and apparatus, and relate to the field of communications technologies, to help relieve overload of an access and mobility management network element (for example, an AMF network element). The method may include: An access network device receives indication information from an access and mobility management network element. The indication information is used to indicate that the access and mobility management network element is overloaded. When a terminal is in an RRC connected mode or an RRC inactive mode, the access network device triggers, based on the indication information and characteristic information of the terminal, setting the terminal to be in an RRC idle mode; or when a terminal is in an RRC connected mode, the access network device triggers, based on the indication information and characteristic information of the terminal, setting the terminal to be in an RRC inactive mode.

Abstract: This application discloses a communication method and a communications apparatus, to resolve problems of a long transmission path and a large transmission delay of signaling that are caused because a data network (DN) to which application layer control signaling used to control path switching needs to be transmitted for processing in a process of the path switching is outside a mobile communications network. The method includes receiving, by a first core network device, a request message from a terminal, where the request message is used to request to switch from a multicast mode to a unicast mode to transmit service data to be sent to the terminal. The method further includes indicating, by the first core network device based on the request message, a multicast user plane gateway and/or a service server corresponding to the terminal to send, to the terminal in the unicast mode, the service data to be sent to the terminal.

Abstract: A method for providing a restricted service and a communications device, where the method includes: receiving, by a policy control function (PCF), an identifier of a terminal and indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate that the terminal is in a state of exception or indicate an exception type of the terminal; and sending, by the PCF, the identifier of the terminal and a first restricted service policy according to the indication information, where the first restricted service policy is used to provide a restricted service for the terminal.

Abstract: This application provides a context management method and apparatus, to resolve a problem that contexts of a large quantity of terminals occupy a large amount of storage space of an AMF entity. The method includes: when a first core network device has stored group information corresponding to a terminal, establishing, by the first core network device, a correspondence between the terminal and the group information. This application relates to the field of communications technologies.

Abstract: This application provides a handover method, including: determining, by a mobility management (MM) network element, to hand over a session management (SM) for a user equipment (UE), and selecting target SM network element; and triggering, by the mobility management network element, a process of setting up a channel by the target SM network element, where the channel includes a user plane data channel between a target user plane (UP) function entity and a target base station. Therefore, it is possible to hand over a network in which a control plane (CP) is separated from a UP and an MM and an SM in the CP are separated from each other.