Abstract: A multi-group call setup method and device are disclosed. The method includes determining, by a first MCPTT server, to set up a multi-group call involving N MCPTT groups, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and sending, by the first MCPTT server, a call message to first UE, where the call message is used to add the first UE to the multi-group call, where a first MCPTT user is an associated user of the first UE, and where the first MCPTT user is an MCPTT user in the N MCPTT groups.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a method and a device for interworking between different OTTs. The method includes: obtaining OTT information of a target user; and performing an interworking processing operation between cross-OTT friends according to the obtained OTT information of the target user. Interworking between the cross-OTT friends is implemented by using the foregoing operation.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a data transmission method and apparatus. The method includes: receiving, by a multicast transmission control network element, a first non-access stratum message, where the first non-access stratum message includes reception quality indication information of data received by a terminal on a multicast transmission path; determining, by the multicast transmission control network element after receiving the reception quality indication information, to start a unicast transmission path; and sending, by the multicast transmission control network element, a first indication message to a user plane network element, where the first indication message is used to instruct to start a first unicast transmission path, and the first unicast transmission path is used to assist the multicast transmission path in transmitting data to the terminal.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present application relate to the communications field, and provide a bearer establishment method and apparatus, and a system. The method includes: sending, by an eNB, a first request message to an MME in a handover process of UE; determining, by the MME, a target SGW and a target PGW of the UE based on the first request message; requesting, by the MME, the target SGW to establish a first bearer between the target SGW and the target PGW for the UE; and after the first bearer is established, requesting, by the MME, a source eNB to release a radio bearer and delete a second bearer on the source side. In the present application, a process of establishing the first bearer and the cell handover process are completed in parallel, so that the terminal can perform communication through the first bearer after a cell handover.

Abstract: This application provides a parameter protection method and device, and a system. The method includes: obtaining, by an authentication server function (AUSF) entity in a home public land mobile network (HPLMN), a key, where the key is used to protect transmission of a parameter between a terminal and the HPLMN; sending, by another entity in the HPLMN, the parameter to the AUSF entity, where the another entity is an entity that needs to send the parameter to the terminal; and performing, by the AUSF entity, security protection processing on the parameter based on a security algorithm and the key. The AUSF entity performs security protection processing on the parameter that needs to be sent to the terminal, and the HPLMN can protect the parameter that is to be sent to the terminal.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment, the application discloses a communication method, an apparatus, and a system, and relates to the communications field, to help a terminal device in an RRC-inactive state perform a mobility-triggered TAU. The method includes the operations of: in response to determining that a TAI of a location of a terminal device in an RRC-inactive state does not belong to a TAL of the terminal device, switching, by the terminal device, to a CM idle state; sending, by the terminal device, a registration request message to an AMF by using a target RAN node, where the registration request message is used to request to allocate a TAL to the terminal device; and receiving, by the terminal device by using the target RAN node, a registration accept message sent by the AMF, where the registration accept message includes the allocated TAL. Embodiments of this application are applied to a scenario in which the terminal device moves between registration areas.

Abstract: This application discloses a communications method and apparatus The method includes: receiving, by a radio access network (RAN) node, a first message from an access and mobility management function (AMF) node, where the first message includes specified area related information of a terminal device, and the specified area related information is used to indicate a specified area of the terminal device; and when the RAN node determines, based on the specified area related information and first location information of the terminal device, that the terminal device moves out of the specified area, sending, by the RAN node, the first location information or first indication information to the AMF node or an SMF node, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal device already moves out of the specified area.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a session activation method, device, and system, and relate to the field of the communications technologies, to resolve an existing problem of relatively high signaling overheads during PDU session activation. The method includes: receiving, by a control plane node, indication information from an AMF node, where the indication information is used to indicate that the AMF node receives a service request message sent by a terminal device; and sending, by the control plane node, an identifier of a to-be-activated PDU session of the terminal device to an SMF node or the AMF node based on the indication information. The embodiments of the present disclosure are used in a PDU session activation process.

Abstract: The present application discloses a discovery method and device, and relates to the field of wireless communications technologies, to resolve a problem that existing two communication parties cannot accurately discover each other, and then it cannot be ensured that the two communication parties perform service communication in a Prose manner. The method provided in the present application includes: sending a discovery message, where the discovery message includes application layer identifier information of a discovery target, and the discovery target is at least one target user or at least one communications group of a first user that uses the first MCPTT UE; and receiving a response message sent by second MCPTT UE, where the response message includes a layer 2 identifier of the second MCPTT UE and an application layer identifier of a user that uses the second MCPTT UE.

Abstract: This application provides a session processing method and device. The method includes: receiving, by an SMF entity, a PDU session establishment request, where the PDU session establishment request is used to request to establish a PDU session for a terminal device; determining, by the SMF entity based on reference information, to authenticate the PDU session; and sending, by the SMF entity, an authentication request to a third-party authentication entity by using a network exposure function NEF entity. A control-plane-based PDU session authentication manner is provided, so that the terminal device and the third-party authentication entity that is in a DN may be required to perform mutual authentication, and unauthorized user access may be rejected, thereby improving security of the DN, and reducing network resources.

Abstract: A connection establishment method, device, and system are disclosed to resolve a problem in the prior art of poor security of a relay service function because a first user equipment is connected to any user equipment. A solution is: receiving, by the first user equipment, a served object group identifier sent by a network device; receiving discovery information sent by a second user equipment; and, when determining that an identifier of a second group is included in the served object group identifier, establishing a connection between the first and second user equipment according to a data link layer ID of the second user equipment.

Abstract: A method for detecting content of fluoride ions in a microsample, including: (1) preparing reagents; (2) preparing a detecting liquid; (3) loading samples; and (4) detecting the content of fluoride ions. The method of the invention can effectively overcome unstable factors in the prior art. Moreover, this method involves simple and rapid operation, the use of a small amount of a sample and simultaneous detection of multiple samples. The steps are standardized to reduce human error, allowing for more reliable results.

Abstract: A status switching method and apparatus are provided, to resolve a problem that signaling overheads increase when a terminal fails to perform a service request procedure in MICO mode. The method includes: obtaining, by a first mobility management network element from a terminal device, indication information and identification information of the terminal device, where the indication information is used to indicate that the terminal device is in mobile initiated connection only MICO mode; and if there is no context information of the terminal device in the first mobility management network element, requesting, by the first mobility management network element, the context information from a second mobility management network element based on the indication information and the identification information.

Abstract: Disclosed is a kit for detecting content of fluoride ions in a microsample, including: at least one 96-well plate, reagent A, reagent B, reagent C, reagent D, reagent E and a fluoride standard solution having a concentration of 2.5 mg/L. The kit can be used to effectively overcome the uncertainties in the existing methods for detecting fluoride ions, and also involves rapid and convenient operation. Moreover, this method involves simple and rapid operation, the use of a small amount of a sample and simultaneous detection of multiple samples. This kit provides a more standardized detection to lower the human error, thereby allowing for a more reliable result and for a suitable application in the on-site detection of content of fluoride ions in various environments such as in water quality engineering or in the laboratory.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for regrouping multiple groups and a device, including: receiving, by a first group management functional entity, a group regrouping creation message sent by first UE, where the group regrouping creation message includes identifiers of N MCPTT groups, and the group regrouping creation message is used to request the first group management functional entity to create, according to the identifiers of the N MCPTT groups, a temporary group which is initiated by a first MCPTT user and into which the N MCPTT groups are regrouped; and the first MCPTT user belongs to at least one MCPTT group of the N MCPTT groups; and configuring information about the temporary group, where the information about the temporary group includes an identifier of the temporary group into which the N MCPTT groups are regrouped, and the identifiers of the N MCPTT groups.

Abstract: A communication method and a communications apparatus, the method including obtaining, by a session management function entity, parameter information, determining, by the session management function entity, an access technology type for a protocol data unit (PDU) session of a terminal device according to the parameter information, and sending, by the session management function entity, indication information to an access and mobility management function entity, where the indication information indicates the access technology type of the PDU session.

Abstract: A connection establishment method, a device, and a system are disclosed to resolve a problem in the prior art that because first user equipment is connected to any user equipment, security of a relay service function is poor. A specific solution is: receiving, by first user equipment, a served object group identifier sent by a network device; receiving discovery information sent by second user equipment; and when determining that an identifier of a second group is included in the served object group identifier, establishing a connection between the first user equipment and the second user equipment according to a data link layer ID of the second user equipment.

Abstract: A communication method, including, when a terminal device is in an idle mode or an inactive mode, a first control plane functional entity that obtains access network information of the terminal device and sends context information of the terminal device to an access network device corresponding to the access network information. Therefore, when the terminal device is in the idle mode or the inactive mode, the first control plane functional entity obtains the access network information of the terminal device and pre-sends the context information of the terminal device to the access network device corresponding to the access network information. When the terminal device needs to transmit data, the terminal device does not need to wait for the process of transmitting the context information of the terminal device, thereby facilitating reducing a delay.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a discovery method and device, and relates to the field of wireless communications technologies, to resolve a problem that existing two communication parties cannot accurately discover each other, and then it cannot be ensured that the two communication parties perform service communication in a Prose manner. The method provided in the present invention includes: sending a discovery message, where the discovery message includes application layer identifier information of a discovery target, and the discovery target is at least one target user or at least one communications group of a first user that uses the first MCPTT UE; and receiving a response message sent by second MCPTT UE, where the response message includes a layer 2 identifier of the second MCPTT UE and an application layer identifier of a user that uses the second MCPTT UE.

Abstract: A multi-group call setup method and device are disclosed. The method includes determining, by a first MCPTT server, to set up a multi-group call involving N MCPTT groups, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and sending, by the first MCPTT server, a call message to first UE, where the call message is used to add the first UE to the multi-group call, where a first MCPTT user is an associated user of the first UE, and where the first MCPTT user is an MCPTT user in the N MCPTT groups.