Abstract: When chemical process conditions and chemical species are input on a spreadsheet software (1), a chemical model is selected according to the chemical species by a software (4, 5, 6) different from the spreadsheet software (1), thermodynamic property data for the chemical model is generated, and a chemical equilibrium is evaluated based on this data. The chemical equilibrium is simulated on the spreadsheet software (1) based on this evaluation result, and the simulation result is displayed on the spreadsheet software (1).

Abstract: The disclosure is for an improved film coating useable on optical media molds and the apparatus for and method of making such a film. The film is a diamond-like carbon layer of 0.3 to 3.0 microns coated on a titanium underlayer of 0.1 to 1.0 microns. The method of making the diamond-like carbon film is to deposit a defect free underlayer coating on to the steel substrate of the mold using an electron beam coating apparatus that has a hollow cathode electron beam generator and a rotating crucible containing the coating material. The diamond-like carbon film is then produced on top of the underlayer coating.

Abstract: A rectilinear barrel of a camera supporting a lens group in a manner that the lens group is movable along a rectilinear slot in the direction of its optical axis, a cam ring which has on its circumference a rib with a cutout portion and which rotates to drive the lens group in the direction of the optical axis, a threaded driving shaft for moving the rectilinear barrel between an imaging position and a retracted position, a zoom gear for rotating the cam ring when the rectilinear barrel is at the imaging position, and a locking tab for allowing the rectilinear barrel to move by means of the threaded driving shaft by aligning itself with the cutout portion and for locking the movement of the cam ring, and thus, the rectilinear barrel by aligning itself with the rib.

Abstract: A new root canal filling point which is physicochemically stable, is not toxic to periapical tissue, can be sterilized and x-rayed; and has high elasticity and fracture resistance which enables the root canal filling point to be pressure-inserted into an even narrow or curved root canal. The root canal filling point is made of a copolymer consisting of propylene and ethylene, and a contrast medium.

Abstract: A lens barrel permits easier switching of an extending operation between a setup operating region, which begins at a collapsed position where the lens frame of the lens barrel is retracted, and a zooming region, and accordingly provides a simpler mechanism. In the setup operation, a setting gear is driven to extend a setting frame, a float key, and a moving frame so as to extend a first group zoom frame retained on a cam frame and a second lens holding frame from a collapsed position to a photographing standby position. In the zooming operation, a zoom gear is driven to rotationally drive the moving frame so as to adjust the first group zoom frame and the second lens holding frame.

Abstract: Binoculars which can adjust the optical axes of optical systems by moving at least one lens groups of objective lens groups and eye piece groups in a plane approximately perpendicular to the optical axes of the lens groups and further independently adjust the optical axes of the optical systems in a linear direction and in the direction approximately perpendicular to the linear direction by moving, one lens groups of the objective lens groups and the eye piece groups on the plane approximately perpendicular to the optical axes of the lens groups approximately in the linear direction and moving the other lens groups of the objective lens groups and the eye piece groups on the plane approximately perpendicular to the optical axes of the lens groups approximately in the linear direction, whereby the optical axis between a pair of the right and left optical systems of the binoculars can be easily adjusted.

Abstract: In a camera of this invention, a lens barrel including a photographing lens built therein and an aperture opening formed in a camera body are coupled to each other by a light-shield unit in a light-tight manner. The light-shield unit comprises a bellows member made of rubber, sheet, cloth or other material capable of shielding light, which is folded to have top and bottom creases in the spiral form, and a spiral skeleton member comprising a linear spring and fitted to the inner side of a portion of the bellows member which defines the top crease. The skeleton member prevents a flexion of the bellows member, thereby preventing the bellows member from interfering with the flux of photographing light coming through the lens.

Abstract: A camera capable of changing over the photographing frame size thereof having a photographing frame size changing member disposed in a camera body and capable of moving between a first position at which the photographing frame size changing member partially covers a film exposing opening and a second position at which the changing member does not cover the film exposing opening; and an operation member disposed on a rear cover of the camera for selectively bringing the photographing frame size changing member to the first position or the second position, wherein the changing member and the operation member are non-mechanically connected to each other in a state where the film is interposed between the changing member and the operation member. In another embodiment flexible changing members, being positively driven, are guided from a position behind the film to a position in front of the film exposing opening.

Abstract: In a camera of the present invention, an extension amount of a focusing lens is determined from a plural kind of table data for determining the extension amount of the lens from information on the distance to an object and information on the set focal distance.The camera has a storage unit for storing the zooming direction of an optical system during zooming, a selection unit for selecting data from the plural kind of table data on the basis of the contents stored in the storage unit, and an arithmetic unit for computing an extension amount of a focusing lens on the basis of the data selected by the selection unit. The camera also provides correction or backlash due to external forces by driving the photographic optical system for a given interval.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a camera in which an ordinary or normal photographing image-plane size, a photographing image-plane size narrower or smaller than the normal photographing image-plane size, for example, a panoramic size, and the like are changeable, the camera comprising a back closure openable and closable with respect to a camera body, an aperture arranged between a film and a photographing lens, for regulating an exposure range corresponding to the normal photographing image-plane size, a light shielding unit arranged between the film and the photographing lens and so arranged as to be movable between a saving position where the light shielding unit is saved (i.e.

Abstract: A picture-format switchable camera having a picture-format setting device for setting a picture format, and a picture-format switching device for switching to the picture format set by the picture-format setting device from another picture format. The picture-format switching device is disposed between the aperture of a camera body and the light-sensitive surface of a film.

Abstract: The picture-format switchable camera of the present invention is fabricated with a photographic optical system which, in this invention, is a photographic lens; a display unit portion having a lamp light source, a reflection mirror, a condenser lens, and a liquid crystal display; and a mechanical portion, for switching the image plane, having a mask for switching the image plane while retaining an objective lens of an image-forming optical system for inscribing data and a total reflection mirror, and a mask B located in the position facing the mask A; wherein a data-inscribing operation can form the image of the inscribing data on a film by moving the data-inscribing optical system such as the objective lens being interlocked with the up-and-down movement of the mask. Accordingly, an image of the inscribing data can be formed in the predetermined position in accordance with the switched picture format.

Abstract: In a camera according to the present invention, a driving source is driven using a zoom switch to adjust a focal distance value of a zoom optical system. In the meantime, a range finding unit measures a range to a subject. After zooming by means of the zoom switch is completed, an arithmetic logic unit serving as a focal distance determining unit and control computes the range finding value and the focal distance value to obtain a magnification for imaging a subject on film. A picture size selecting unit provides the arithmetic logic unit with a signal indicating that the picture frame is of a full size or a smaller size. Either of two-system processes each determining an imaging magnification is selected according to the signal. Thereby, an imaging magnification consistent with a picture size is specified automatically.

Abstract: When moving frames are incorporated in a fixed frame and a cam ring, the lens barrel according to this invention is ready for fitting cam followers of the moving frames in the fixed frame or a plurality of moving cain grooves disposed on the cam ring irrespective of the number of moving frames to be incorporated, thus inserting the cam followers in the moving cam grooves by way of a single assembling cam groove. Accordingly, an assembling work of the moving frames in the fixed frame and the cam ring will be greatly facilitated and in an arrangement for which the moving cam grooves are provided on the cam ring, since the cam grooves may be bottomed cam grooves, a high rigidity cam ring will be realized. The lens barrel is further provided with a barrier closing assembly for selectively covering and uncovering an object end of the lens barrel.

Abstract: In a camera of the present invention, an extension amount of a focusing lens is determined from a plural kind of table data for determining the extension amount of the lens from information on the distance to an object and information on the set focal distance.The camera has a storage unit for storing the zooming direction of an optical system during zooming, a selection unit for selecting data from the plural kind of table data on the basis of the contents stored in the storage unit, and an arithmetic unit for computing an extension amount of a focusing lens on the basis of the data selected by the selection unit.

Abstract: A noise absorber that can be securely attached around electric wires of various diameters and types, and can be firmly closed without any electric wire caught between the ferrite parts. Wire supports are erected at both sides of a wire-receiving through hole on the inner surfaces of opposed walls of a first case member of the noise absorber. The tips of the wire supports are tilted toward the central axis of the through hole. Almost Y-shaped receptors are formed on the inner surfaces of opposed walls of the second case member for engaging with the tips of the wire supports when the case members are closed. The upper portions of the receptors serve as guide slopes for pressing inwardly the tips of the wire supports, so that the wires are securely pinched between the wire supports.

Abstract: A fixing device according to this invention easily and securely fixes a noise absorber onto a wire. The fixing device comprises a base member to receive a noise absorber thereon. The fixing device also comprises engaging portions provided on the base member to engage with side edges of the noise absorber. The fixing device further comprises an attaching member to attach the base member to a wire. When the wire with the fixing device attached thereon is inserted into the noise absorber, the engaging portions of the fixing device engage with the noise absorber, thereby fixing the noise absorber securely onto the wire.

Abstract: An electrical noise absorber comprising a magnetic body like ferrite attached around a flat cable and a fixing member. The fixing member comprises an inserting portion having a through hole for passing the magnetic body therethrough. Opposite walls defining the through hole extend in the direction, in which the magnetic body is inserted, to form a pair of cable fixing arms. Each of the cable fixing arms has a slot and projections for engaging the side edges of the flat cable. Engaging portions for engaging the periphery of the magnetic body inserted into the fixing members are provided on the top and bottom of the inserting portion. The flat cable and the magnetic body can thus be held immobile by the fixing members of the electrical noise absorber.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with an automatic speed changing apparatus preferably employable for a wheel loader. The subject of the present invention is to assure that no shift-down is carried out even when braking is effected and thereby a vehicle speed is reduced when the wheel loader approaches a dump truck (operation IV) during running of the wheel loader, e.g., along V-shaped tracks as shown in FIG. 4, whereby an operation can smoothly be performed without an occurrence of falling-down of load placed on the wheel loader while preventing an operator from feeling unpleasant. To accomplish the foregoing subject, the apparatus of the present invention is constructed such that determination as to whether or not the wheel loader is approaching the dump truck (operation IV) is made based on the determination as to whether or not lift arms (1a) are raised up to perform a loading operation, and if it is found that the foregoing determination is correct, the current speed stage is maintained.

Abstract: A filling and sealing apparatus has a temporary spout attaching device for temporarily attaching a spout onto a wall of a package having one end open and the other end closed, a spout fusing device for fusing the temporarily attached spout to the package, a filling device for filling the package with fluid through the open end thereof and a package sealing device for sealing the open end of the package filled with liquid. The spout fusing device includes an anvil adapted to be inserted into the package having the temporarily attached spout, a ultrasonic fusing device arranged in facing relation to the anvil and a temperature regulation device for supplying temperature regulation fluid through the anvil. The anvil may be formed with a groove in one of side surfaces thereof for receiving the temporarily mounted spout. The spout fusing device has a ultrasonic vibration horn.