Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of acrolein, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid by dehydration reaction of renewable raw material such as glycerin or hydroxycarboxylic acids, in the presence of a novel catalyst system supported on a carrier having a bimodal structure and a high pore volume and distribution. The dehydration reactions can be carried out for longer operation duration, so that acrolein, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid can be produced at higher productivity and for longer running time.

Abstract: The first, third, fourth, and seventh photosensors are disposed on one side with respect to the centerline, and the second, fifth, sixth, and eighth photosensors are disposed on another side with respect to the centerline. The first and seventh photosensors are positioned between the third and fourth photosensors in the direction parallel to the centerline. The second and eighth photosensors are positioned between the fifth and sixth photosensors in the direction parallel to the centerline. The first photosensor receives overlapped light of the 0th-order light with the +1st-order diffracted light, the second photosensor receives overlapped light of the 0th-order light with the ?1st-order diffracted light, each of the third to sixth photosensors receives the 0th-order light, and does not receive the +1st-order diffracted light and the ?1st-order diffracted light, and each of the seventh and eighth photosensors receives at least the 0th-order light.

Abstract: A resin board includes: a resin layer and a through electrode buried in the resin layer, wherein the through electrode has an electrode surface exposed from a front surface or a back surface of the resin layer and a lateral surface, and the electrode surface and the lateral surface form an obtuse angle.

Abstract: This invention relates to a view angle adjustment mechanism that causes a view element tilting section holding a view element to be supported by a tilting support section via a plurality of concentric pivots having different diameters, to perform view angle adjustment. An inner pivot is assembled by forcible fitting using elasticity of either or both of a pivot convex and a pivot concave without screw fastening. An outer pivot includes a plurality of elastic pieces disposed at a plurality of positions in a circumferential direction of a curved surface of either or each of both of an outer-pivot convex surface and an outer-pivot concave surface. The outer pivot is assembled by the forcible fitting in the inner pivot. The assembly causes the plurality of elastic pieces to elastically abut on an opposed curved surface.

Abstract: This invention relates to a view angle adjustment mechanism that causes a view element tilting section holding a view element to be supported by a tilting support section via a forcible fitting-type pivot to perform view angle adjustment. A pivot is assembled by forcible fitting between a pivot convex and a pivot concave. The pivot convex includes a spherical surface. The pivot concave includes a surface formed by arranging two conical surfaces so as to face in respective directions opposite to each other along a center axis X of the pivot concave. The spherical surface of the pivot convex is inscribed in the two conical surfaces of the pivot concave.

Abstract: This invention relates to a view angle adjustment mechanism. A view element tilting section is tiltably supported by the tilting support section. Upon a motor being driven, a nut member rotates together with a gear member, the nut member rises/falls along a male thread member, whereby the view element tilting section is tilted. At a barrel of the nut member, a protrusion is formed. The protrusion is fitted in a groove of the gear member and causes the nut member to rotate together with the gear member. At the tilting support section, a protrusion abutment portion is formed. When the nut member moves in a direction in which the nut member comes off from the male thread member, the protrusion abutment portion abuts on the protrusion and thereby prevents movement of the nut member.

Abstract: The first, third, fourth, and seventh photosensors are disposed on one side with respect to the centerline, and the second, fifth, sixth, and eighth photosensors are disposed on another side with respect to the centerline. The first and seventh photosensors are positioned between the third and fourth photosensors in the direction parallel to the centerline. The second and eighth photosensors are positioned between the fifth and sixth photosensors in the direction parallel to the centerline. The first photosensor receives overlapped light of the 0th-order light with the +1st-order diffracted light, the second photosensor receives overlapped light of the 0th-order light with the ?1st-order diffracted light, each of the third to sixth photosensors receives the 0th-order light, and does not receive the +1st-order diffracted light and the ?1st-order diffracted light, and each of the seventh and eighth photosensors receives at least the 0th-order light.

Abstract: A coated seed obtained by coating a seed with a coating material containing an inorganic mineral powder and a thermosetting resin powder having an average particle diameter of 10 to 200 ?m, wherein the thermosetting resin powder is a thermosetting resin powder obtained by aggregating a powdery pesticide with a thermosetting resin has an excellent quality.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, method, and system are disclosed. The apparatus includes first and second image forming sections; a selector that selects one of a first halftone screen for a first printing mode in which the first image forming section forms a first image on the print medium, and a second halftone screen for a second printing mode in which the first image forming section forms the first image on the print medium and the second image forming section forms a second image on the first image so that the first image and the second image are printed one over the other. The first and second halftone screens include respective first and second numbers of raster lines per unit, the first halftone screen and the second halftone screen being different in the number of raster lines; a controller; and a discharging section.

Abstract: Provided is a method of recovering rare-earth elements by performing slight pH adjustment of a leachate, which does not require such significant pH adjustment as in conventional methods, reduces cost and effort, and can efficiently recover rare-earth elements in a bauxite residue in a good yield.

Abstract: After a copper interconnection is formed above a substrate, a surface of the copper interconnection is activated by performing acid cleaning. Thereafter, the substrate is immersed in a BTA (Benzo triazole) aqueous solution to form a protection film covering the surface of the copper interconnection. At this time, Cu—N—R bonds (R is an organic group) are formed in grain boundary portions in the surface of the copper interconnection. Thereafter, the protection film is removed by performing alkaline cleaning. The Cu—N—R bonds remain in the grain boundary portions in the surface of the copper interconnection even after the protection film is removed. Subsequently, the surface of the copper interconnection is subjected to an activation process, and a barrier layer is formed thereafter by electroless-plating the surface of the copper interconnection with NiP or CoWP.

Abstract: Provided is a method of recovering rare-earth elements by which rare-earth elements can be recovered efficiently from a bauxite residue serving as a raw material and containing the rare-earth elements. Specifically provided is a method of recovering rare-earth elements from a raw material, the raw material being a bauxite residue produced as a by-product in a Bayer process, the method including: using a bauxite residue having a specific surface area of 35 m2/g or more; adding, to the raw material bauxite residue, a liquid leaching agent formed of an aqueous solution of at least one kind of mineral acid selected from sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and sulfurous acid, thereby preparing a slurry having a liquid-solid ratio of 2 to 30 and a pH of 0.5 to 2.2; subjecting the slurry to leaching treatment of the rare-earth elements under a temperature condition of room temperature to 160° C.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a sample pattern outputting part holding a sample pattern and supplying the held sample pattern to the image forming part, a selection part allowing a user to select one of the color sample images that configure the sample pattern, an image formation density adjustment amount holding part determining and holding image formation density adjustment amounts for increasing or decreasing image formation densities of the plurality of the colors, an image formation density adjusting part adjusting image formation densities of the plurality of the colors according to the image formation density adjustment amounts, a presenting part presenting to the user the image formation density adjustment amounts; and an image formation density adjustment amount modifying part receiving from the user modifications with respect to the image formation density adjustment amounts and updating the image formation density adjustment amounts.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a cover that is made less prone to be removed even if receiving an impact due to falling or the like, and an operation for removing the cover is made easy. An engaging piece position regulating member made of a viscoelastic body such as an urethane-based resin is provided on a left side of an elastically-deformable engaging piece of a cover, which allows an engaging projection of the engaging piece to leave from an engaging hole when the cover is removed from a device casing by manual operation and inhibits the engaging projection of the engaging piece from leaving from the engaging hole when a rate of deformation larger than a rate of deformation by manual operation is provided to the engaging piece by an impact due to falling or the like.

Abstract: A control state of the vehicle is switched upon operation of a control switch. Besides, a mode of travel for a travel of a vehicle is selected by operation of a travel mode selection portion. Then, it is determined whether the recommended control state recommended for the selected mode of travel and the actual control state are the same. If it is determined that they are not the same, that is, that there is a deviation between the recommended control state and the actual control state, an operation method for a control switch for realizing the control state recommended for the selected mode of travel is presented to a driver.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming section, a determining section, and selector. The image forming section performs one of a first mode in which an image is formed only a first color developer material of a first color, and a second mode in which an image is formed of the first color developer material and a second color developer material, the second color being at least one of a plurality of colors other than the first color. The determining section is configured to determine in which of the first mode and the second mode an image should be formed. The selector is configured to select a halftone screen from among a plurality of halftone screens in accordance with the determination made by the determining section, the halftone screen being selected when the image forming section forms the image using the first color developer material.

Abstract: After a copper interconnection is formed above a substrate, a surface of the copper interconnection is activated by performing acid cleaning. Thereafter, the substrate is immersed in a BTA (Benzo triazole) aqueous solution to form a protection film covering the surface of the copper interconnection. At this time, Cu—N—R bonds (R is an organic group) are formed in grain boundary portions in the surface of the copper interconnection. Thereafter, the protection film is removed by performing alkaline cleaning. The Cu—N—R bonds remain in the grain boundary portions in the surface of the copper interconnection even after the protection film is removed. Subsequently, the surface of the copper interconnection is subjected to an activation process, and a barrier layer is formed thereafter by electroless-plating the surface of the copper interconnection with NiP or CoWP.

Abstract: An image formation apparatus, for forming an image using color developers and a transparent developer, includes: a color developer threshold memory unit configured to store a color developer maximum threshold for each point of interest; a transparent developer threshold memory unit configured to store a transparent developer threshold for each point of interest; and an image signal converter configured to make color correction of the color developers in received image data when the image data contains a portion where a total amount of the color developers exceeds a color developer maximum threshold, and issue an instruction to apply the transparent toner to a portion where the total amount is not more than the transparent developer threshold.

Abstract: Provided is a method of recovering rare-earth elements by which rare-earth elements can be recovered efficiently from a bauxite residue serving as a raw material and containing the rare-earth elements. Specifically provided is a method of recovering rare-earth elements from a raw material, the raw material being a bauxite residue produced as a by-product in a Bayer process, the method including: using a bauxite residue having a specific surface area of 35 m2/g or more; adding, to the raw material bauxite residue, a liquid leaching agent formed of an aqueous solution of at least one kind of mineral acid selected from sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and sulfurous acid, thereby preparing a slurry having a liquid-solid ratio of 2 to 30 and a pH of 0.5 to 2.2; subjecting the slurry to leaching treatment of the rare-earth elements under a temperature condition of room temperature to 160° C.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a sample pattern outputting part holding a sample pattern and supplying the held sample pattern to the image forming part, a selection part allowing a user to select one of the color sample images that configure the sample pattern, an image formation density adjustment amount holding part determining and holding image formation density adjustment amounts for increasing or decreasing image formation densities of the plurality of the colors, an image formation density adjusting part adjusting image formation densities of the plurality of the colors according to the image formation density adjustment amounts, a presenting part presenting to the user the image formation density adjustment amounts; and an image formation density adjustment amount modifying part receiving from the user modifications with respect to the image formation density adjustment amounts and updating the image formation density adjustment amounts.