Abstract: An information security testing method and an information security testing system of an open radio access network (O-RAN) base station are provided. The information security testing method includes at least the following steps: configuring a processing device to execute a radio resource control (RRC) signaling integrity test process to determine whether or not an RRC signaling sent by a central unit (CU) is integrity protected; and in response to determining that the RRC signaling sent by the CU is integrity protected, configuring the processing device to execute an RRC signaling security test process.

Abstract: A black matte polyimide film is provided, the black matte polyimide film includes polyimide, carbon black and polyimide fine powder. The polyimide component is obtained by polymerization of a dianhydride and a diamine, followed by chemical cyclization, in which the dianhydride is pyromellitic dianhydride, and the diamine comprises 5˜15 mol % of p-phenylenediamine and 95˜85 mol % of 4,4?-diaminodiphenyl ether; the carbon black is present in an amount of 2 to 8 wt % of the polyimide film; and the polyimide fine powder is present in an amount of 5 to 10 wt % of the polyimide film, such that the black matte polyimide film has a glossiness between 5 and 30 and a thermal expansion coefficient of less than 41 ppm/° C.

Abstract: A base station is disclosed. The base station includes several radio devices and a core network device. The core network device is connected to the several radio devices and is configured to determine a first user location data corresponding to a user device according to a user uplink transmission data and several user location data, and to determine whether to allow the user device to perform a data uplink transmission operation or not according to the first user location data. The user uplink transmission data is uplink transmitted by the user device, and the several user location data are establish according to the several radio devices and several user locations. The several user location data include the first user location data.

Abstract: A method for testing a core network function entity in a mobile communication system is disclosed. The method includes: performing a first test case on the core network function entity; and directly performing an integrated test with plural second test cases on the core network function entity without resetting the core network function entity in a condition where the core network function entity passes the first test case.

Abstract: A threat detection apparatus and a threat detection method thereof for a wireless communication system are provided. The threat detection apparatus receives an observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA) message for positioning a user equipment (UE) from a serving base station (BS), and determines that the UE connects to a false BS when the identity of the serving BS is not on the identity list. If the identity of the serving BS is on the identity list, the threat detection apparatus calculates a first distance according to the measurement report message transmitted from the UE, and calculates a second distance between the UE and the serving BS according to the OTDOA message. When the difference between the first distance and the second distance is larger than a threshold, the threat detection apparatus determines that the UE connects to the false BS.

Abstract: A threat detection system for a mobile communication system, and a global device and a local device thereof are provided. The threat detection system is used for detecting and defensing low and slow distributed denial-of-service (LSDDoS) attacks. The global device is located in a core network of the mobile communication system, and is used for training a tensor neural network (TNN) model to build a threat classifier. The threat classifier is used for the local device to identify a plurality of threat types. The local device inputs the to-be-identified data into the threat classifier to generate a classification result corresponding to one of the threat types.

Abstract: A base station is disclosed. The base station includes several radio devices and a core network device. The core network device is connected to the several radio devices and is configured to determine a first user location data corresponding to a user device according to a user uplink transmission data and several user location data, and to determine whether to allow the user device to perform a data uplink transmission operation or not according to the first user location data. The user uplink transmission data is uplink transmitted by the user device, and the several user location data are establish according to the several radio devices and several user locations. The several user location data include the first user location data.

Abstract: A threat detection system for a mobile communication system, and a global device and a local device thereof are provided. The threat detection system is used for detecting and defensing low and slow distributed denial-of-service (LSDDoS) attacks. The global device is located in a core network of the mobile communication system, and is used for training a tensor neural network (TNN) model to build a threat classifier. The threat classifier is used for the local device to identify a plurality of threat types. The local device inputs the to-be-identified data into the threat classifier to generate a classification result corresponding to one of the threat types.

Abstract: A threat detection apparatus and a threat detection method thereof for a wireless communication system are provided. The threat detection apparatus receives an observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA) message for positioning a user equipment (UE) from a serving base station (BS), and determines that the UE connects to a false BS when the identity of the serving BS is not on the identity list. If the identity of the serving BS is on the identity list, the threat detection apparatus calculates a first distance according to the measurement report message transmitted from the UE, and calculates a second distance between the UE and the serving BS according to the OTDOA message. When the difference between the first distance and the second distance is larger than a threshold, the threat detection apparatus determines that the UE connects to the false BS.

Abstract: An LPWAN system and positioning method thereof are provided. An LPWAN system includes an application server and an end device. The application server receives a positioning request from the end device and transmits a positioning initial information to a plurality of network devices. Signal measurements are made between the end device and the network devices for deciding a plurality of path loss information. The application server determines an end position of the end device according to the path loss information and a plurality of network positions of the network devices.

Abstract: The invention relates to a user equipment of device-to-device communications and a resource selection method thereof. The user equipment includes a resource selection device and a transceiver device. The resource selection device is configured to create a state machine model, which includes an in-coverage state and an out-of-coverage state corresponding to a base station. The resource selection device is also configured to select a corresponding device-to-device communication resource in response to a current state of the user equipment during transferring of the user equipment from the in-coverage state to the out-of-coverage state or from the out-of-coverage state to the in-coverage state. The transceiver device is configured to perform a device-to-device communication with another user equipment according to the corresponding device-to-device communication resource. The resource selection method includes the steps corresponding to the operations of the user equipment.

Abstract: A user equipment (UE), a mobile hotspot equipment, a backhaul device and a method for establishing a path loss model database are provided. The UE receives a wireless signal from a first surrounding mobile hotspot equipment, and measures the wireless signal during a time interval so as to generate received signal information corresponding to the wireless signal. Thereafter, the UE transmits a measurement response message that includes an identity of the first surrounding mobile hotspot equipment and the received signal information to the backhaul device via the mobile hotspot equipment. Accordingly, the backhaul device establishes a path loss model according to the received signal information and stores the path loss model into a path loss model database.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to a communication system in support of multi-connectivity and a connecting method thereof. In the embodiments, the communication system includes a core network, a master base station, a secondary base station, and a user equipment, wherein the master base station and the secondary base station belong to different wireless communication systems. The secondary base station includes a secondary base station centralized unit and at least one secondary base station distributed unit. The master base station coordinates, with the secondary base station centralized unit, how the user equipment connects with the at least one secondary base station distributed unit, according to a measurement report provided by the user equipment. Therefore, the user equipment connects with not only the master base station but also the at least one secondary base station distributed unit at the same time to support multi-connectivity.

Abstract: A user equipment, a small cell and an operation method thereof are provided. The small cell includes a processor and a transceiver. The processor is configured to generate a maintaining downlink signal when the small cell is in an off-state. The maintaining downlink signal utilizes fewer radio resources compared to a normal downlink signal which is generated when the small cell is in an on-state. The transceiver is electrically connected to the processor and configured to continuously transmit the maintaining downlink signal when the small cell is in the off-state and receive an uplink signal from the user equipment. The processor further switches the small cell from the off-state to the on-state according to the uplink signal.

Abstract: A user equipment (UE), a device to device (D2D) UE, a backhaul device and a positioning method thereof are provided. The D2D UE measures an uplink reference signal transmitted from the UE and generates an uplink measurement report message according to the measured uplink reference signal. The backhaul device receives the uplink measurement report message and determines location information on at least one of the UE and D2D UE based on the uplink measurement report message.

Abstract: A direct mode communication system and a communication resource scheduling method thereof are provided. The direct mode communication system includes a base station and at least one client direct mode communication apparatus. The at least one client direct mode communication apparatus includes a first client direct mode communication apparatus. The first client direct mode communication apparatus contends in a communication resource contention pool to generate a communication resource contention message, and transmits the communication resource contention message to the base station. The base station decides a communication resource schedule for the at least one client direct mode communication apparatus according to the communication resource contention message.

Abstract: An FUR receiver network device and an FDR data transmission method thereof are provided. The receiver network device is used in a network system, and the network system further includes a transmitter network device. There is an FDR connection between the receiver network device and the transmitter network device in an unlicensed band. The receiver network device receives a radio signal in the unlicensed band and retrieves a transmitter signal of the transmitter network device from the radio signal. The receiver network device calculates a differential signal between the radio signal and the transmitter signal and determines whether a signal energy of the differential signal is less than a threshold. If positive, the receiver network device and the transmitter network device perform an FDR data transmission therebetween.

Abstract: A direct communication network system for resource synchronization communication is provided. The direct communication network system includes a base station and a first user equipment. The base station broadcasts a pre-authorized setting. The first user equipment receives the pre-authorized setting and listens to a first resource synchronization message broadcasted from the base station according to the pre-authorized setting. The first user equipment directly communicates with a second user equipment according to the first resource synchronization message.

Abstract: An intercepting user equipment and a lawful interception method thereof are provided. The intercepting user equipment registers to the administrating server for lawful interception, and then receives a positive interception message from the administrating server. The intercepting user equipment receives a signal from user equipment, and determines whether a power measurement of the signal exceeds a threshold. If positive, the intercepting user equipment transmits a power adjustment request to the administrating server so that the administrating server notifies the eNB of transmitting a power adjustment command to the user equipment for adjusting transmitting power. The intercepting user equipment intercepts communication data of the user equipment.

Abstract: A small cell, a macro cell and a transmission assist method are provided. The small cell includes a transceiver and a processor. The processor generates a radio link failure (RLF) indication message when determining that an RLF count in a licensed band between the small cell and a user equipment reaches a threshold. The transceiver transmits the RLF indication message to the macro cell, and receives a modification request message from the macro cell. The modification message includes resource configuration information, and the resource configuration information indicates an unlicensed band radio resource of an unlicensed band. After confirming via the transceiver that the unlicensed band radio resource is available for data transmission with the user equipment, the processor generates a modification request acknowledge message, and transmits the modification request acknowledge message to the macro cell via the transceiver.