Abstract: A backlight assembly includes a receiving container, a light guide plate, a light source unit, an optical member and a panel-guiding member. The receiving container includes a bottom plate and a sidewall extended from an edge portion of the bottom plate. The light source unit includes a light source generating light and disposed at side face of the light guide plate, and a light reflecting cover that covers the light source to reflect the light generated from the light source toward the side face. The optical member is disposed over the light guide plate. The panel-guiding member has a first plate combined with the sidewall of the receiving container, and a second plate extended from the first plate such that the second plate covers a portion of the optical member and is spaced apart from an upper face of the optical member. Therefore, warpage and cleavage of the optical member are prevented.

Abstract: A backlight assembly includes a plurality of lamps emitting a first light. A optical member converts the first light to a second light having enhance optical characteristics. A receiving member receives the lamps and the optical member. The receiving member has protrusions that are aligned with the lamps and protrude away from the lamps. The protrusions increase the distance between the lamps and the receiving member.

Abstract: A method of reducing a number of computations in an equalization process includes performing a pre-equalization operation on selected first frames from a plurality of frames, and estimating pre-equalization values of second frames based on the pre-equalization values of selected first frames, the second frames being frames which are not selected from the plurality of frames.

Abstract: A method for downloading high-capacity data of multimedia content data (e.g., MP3, music video, and movie, etc.) in a mobile communication terminal, and a system for implementing the same are disclosed. The method for downloading data in a mobile communication terminal includes the steps of: selecting a desired data over a mobile communication network, and downloading the selected data over a broadcast network. Therefore, a user can download multimedia content data over a data channel of a DMB network, instead of the Internet of a mobile communication network, resulting in reduction of internet charges accumulated when downloading the high-capacity data.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode display device. A first capacitor is coupled between a gate of a first transistor and a first voltage source, and a second transistor is coupled between the gate of the first transistor and a second voltage source. A third transistor is coupled between the first voltage source and the gate of the first transistor, and a fourth transistor is coupled to a data line. A second capacitor stores the data voltage from the fourth transistor, and is for determining a gate-source voltage of the first transistor. The threshold voltage compensator compensates a threshold voltage of the third transistor together with the second capacitor, and the fifth transistor transmits a current of a drain of the first transistor to the organic light emitting diode. A photoelectric transformation element transmits a current corresponding to a light emitted by the organic light emitting diode to the second capacitor.

Abstract: An inflatable cushion bag for striking includes an outer wall and an inner wall that is positioned inside and longitudinally with the outer wall looped around the inner wall. A first radial wall is joined to each of and connects between the outer wall and the inner wall at a first end and is sealed so that free airflow is blocked at the first end. A second radial wall is joined to each of and connects between the outer wall and the inner wall at a second end and is sealed so that free airflow is blocked at the second end. At least one intermediate radial wall is placed longitudinally between the first radial wall and the second radial wall and transversely between the outer wall and the inner wall.

Abstract: A rolling cone bit and a cutting insert for a rolling cone are disclosed. The insert includes an undulating cutting surface including a peak, and blades radiating therefrom. The cutting insert may include an ultrahard layer of diamond or other superabrasive material, wherein the outer cutting surface of the layer includes contours that generally correspond to the contours of the interface surface that is between the ultrahard layer and the substrate so as to reduce residual stresses and lessen the likelihood of spalling or delamination of the ultrahard material. The blades radiate from a central peak and may include a sharper and/or higher leading edge as compared to a trailing edge. Valleys between the blades may differ in depth, and the cutting surface may have an undulating perimeter.

Abstract: A computer system includes a hard disk drive with an operating system installed therein, and a PCI card communicating with the hard disk drive. The PCI card includes a storage unit, which includes a receiving module, a detection module, an installing module, and a program module storing a driver program of the PCI card being compatible with the operating system. The receiving module is capable of receiving an executing instruction sent by the operating system to the storage unit. The detection module is capable of detecting whether there is a driver program installed in the hard disk drive after the receiving module receiving the executing instruction. The installing module is capable of installing the driver program in the hard disk drive when there is no compatible driver program installed in the hard disk drive. The method for installing the driver program in the computer system is further provided.

Abstract: A resistance variable memory device includes at least one bottom electrode, a first insulating layer containing a trench which exposes the at least one bottom electrode, and a resistance variable material layer including respective first and second portions located on opposite sidewalls of the trench, respectively, where the first and second portions of the resistance variable material layer are electrically connected to the at least one bottom electrode.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for processing image data in a printer, in which page description language (PDL) data is analyzed and generated as standard color data, the generated standard color data is converted to a plurality of printer outputting colors, image conversion processes are parallely performed on the printer outputting colors, and printing data is generated on a page-by-page basis based on the printer outputting colors to which the image conversion processes are performed.

Abstract: A method of establishing security association between heterogeneous networks is disclosed. The method comprises a first step of receiving information of heterogeneous networks near a mobile station; a second step of transmitting a request message requesting authentication related information transfer to a target heterogeneous network where the mobile station intends to perform handover, among the heterogeneous networks near the mobile station; and a third step of receiving authentication related information and key related information of the target heterogeneous network. At this time, the first step, the second step, and the third step are preferable performed before handover is performed between heterogeneous networks.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for tracking a clock source are disclosed herein. The method includes determining a best clock source to be tracked by a device according to a best clock source tracked by a slave candidate port in the device and distributing the best clock source tracked by the device through a master candidate port in a master state. Through the embodiments of the present disclosure, the clock source selection of the device converges quickly. Moreover, because the slave candidate port is determined according to the network planning, the planning of the transport network is observed.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus and an auto color registration method thereof. The image forming apparatus performs an auto color registration (ACR) operation by excluding or minimizing the influence caused by variation in speed of a drive unit driving a transfer member. The image forming apparatus includes a controller, which prints a test pattern of each color according to a rotation period of the drive unit, and controls an operation for outputting an image in which each color registration error is corrected on the basis of the test pattern, such that a reliability of the ACR operation is increased and a quality of an image output from the image forming apparatus is also increased.

Abstract: In a system and method of transferring signals between a media access controller (MAC) and a physical layer (PHY) the signals are transferred on an interface that includes a parallel data bus for the transmission of data signals in parallel between the MAC and the PHY. At the MAC, a PHY register transaction is initiated, by providing, at the MAC, a PHY register address in parallel on the parallel data bus and a control signal on a serial control signal line to request the PHY register transaction, the PHY register transaction comprising one of a PHY register write operation and a PHY register read operation. In the event the control signal requests a PHY register write operation, the MAC next provides PHY register data signals in parallel on the parallel data bus to program a PHY register having the PHY register address.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for reading data from a non-volatile memory cell, such as a modified STRAM cell. In some embodiments, at least a first and second memory cell are read for a plurality of resistance values that are used to select and store a voltage reference for each memory cell.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a plurality of banks; a peripheral circuit configured to send data to and receive data from the plurality of banks; and data lines configured to connect the plurality of banks and the peripheral circuit, wherein the plurality of banks are disposed such that a sum of lengths of data transfer paths of the data lines connecting the peripheral circuit and at least two banks, among the plurality of banks, activated at a same time is uniformly maintained.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an image forming apparatus and a color registration method thereof. The color registration method includes checking a change in a status of an image forming apparatus, selecting color registration patterns having a different length according to the status change, and performing color registration by printing the color registration patterns having the different length onto a transfer belt.

Abstract: The specification and drawings present a new method, apparatus and software product for implementing algorithms for improving a frame rate by reducing a size and resolution of selected versus unselected image frames captured by a sensor in an image processing pipeline before displaying (or before encoding) in electronic devices (e.g., cameras, wireless camera phones, etc.), according to various embodiments of the present invention.

Abstract: Example embodiments relate to a reflective structure, a display apparatus including the reflective structure, and a method of manufacturing the reflective structure and the display apparatus. A reflective structure according to example embodiments may include a plurality of nanoparticles of non-uniform size, which are arranged on a substrate, or an uneven element having a surface contour that resembles a plurality of nanoparticles; and a reflective layer covering the plurality of nanoparticles or the uneven element. The reflective layer may have a random/variable height.

Abstract: Provided are a non-volatile memory devices having a stacked structure, and a memory card and a system including the same. A non-volatile memory device may include a substrate. A stacked NAND cell array may have at least one NAND set and each NAND set may include a plurality of NAND strings vertically stacked on the substrate. At least one signal line may be arranged on the substrate so as to be commonly coupled with the at least one NAND set.