Abstract: A flat display device (2) has a foldable base (25). The flat display device includes a flat panel (21) pivoted to a base by a hinge assembly (23). The panel is capable of rotating with respect to the base between a position and a second position. A third position of the panel with respect to the base is intermediate between the first position and the second position. A first friction force provided by the hinge assembly when the panel rotates between the first position and the third position is smaller than a second friction force provided by the hinge assembly when the panel rotates between the third position and the second position.

Abstract: A digital television (DTV) transmitter and a method of processing data in the DTV transmitter/receiver are disclosed. In the DTV transmitter, a pre-processor pre-processes the enhanced data by coding the enhanced data for forward error correction (FEC) and expanding the FEC-coded data. A packet formatter generates one or more groups of enhanced data packets, each enhanced data packet including the pre-processed enhanced data and known data, wherein the data formatter adds burst time information into each group of enhanced data packets. And, a packet multiplexer generates at least one burst of enhanced data by multiplexing the one or more groups of enhanced data packets with at least one main data packet including the main data, each burst of enhanced data including at least one group of enhanced data packets.

Abstract: A mobile communication system using an enhanced uplink dedicated transport channel transmits data at a relatively low effective data rate through non-scheduled transmission. Data transmission time intervals for user equipments (UEs) have different values in the non-scheduled transmission and therefore uplink interference is reduced. An non-scheduled transmission period N and the number of non-scheduled transmissions k are determined such that each UE performs the non-scheduled transmission. A Node B and each UE are notified of possible non-scheduled transmission time intervals based on the determined non-scheduled transmission period N and the determined number of non-scheduled transmissions k through signaling. The UE transmits the uplink data without the Node B's scheduling at the possible non-scheduled transmission time intervals.

Abstract: Therapeutic methods and microorganisms therefor are provided. The microorganisms are designed to accumulate in immunoprivileged tissues and cells, such as in tumors and other proliferating tissue and in inflamed tissues, compared to other tissues, cells and organs, so that they exhibit relatively low toxicity to host organisms. The microorganisms also are designed or modified to result in leaky cell membranes of cells in which they accumulate, resulting in production of antibodies reactive against proteins and other cellular products and also permitting exploitation of proferating proliferating tissues, particularly tumors, to produce selected proteins and other products. Vaccines containing the microorganisms are provided. Combinations of the microorganisms and anti-cancer agents and uses thereof for treating cancer also are provided.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for repairing display devices of a type that include a first substrate having a plurality of signal lines formed thereon and/or a second substrate having a plurality of color filters formed thereon include a laser that radiates laser light having a wavelength in a range of from about 750 to about 850 nm, or alternatively, of from about 1000 to about 1100 nm, and a pulse width of femtoseconds (10?15 seconds) to picoseconds (10?12 seconds) and arranged such that the laser light can be focused on selected ones of the signal lines and/or color filters. The apparatus enables repairs to be effected on the display device during any one of several manufacturing test processes using only a single laser apparatus, without the need for additional or different repair devices for each test process.

Abstract: An exterior airbag for vehicles includes an airbag cushion deployed forwards from the front surface of a vehicle. The exterior airbag may include a plurality of airbag housings mounted to a bumper of a vehicle, a plurality of airbag cushions received in respective airbag housings so as to be deployed forwards from a front surface of the bumper, a plurality of partitioned chambers defined in each of the airbag cushions along a longitudinal direction of the airbag cushion, with a plurality of gas supply holes formed in respective partitioned chambers so as to evenly supply airbag gas to the chambers, and at least an inflator providing a airbag gas to each of the airbag cushions through the gas supply holes.

Abstract: A device for fusing a predetermined toner image on a paper and which electrically insulates a heating body of a fusing unit from a power supply unit by heating the heating body using an induced current generated by a transformer. The fusing device includes an insulation unit for generating an induced current in response to an alternating current, a heating body heated by the generated induced current, a toner fusing unit which fuses the toner image on the paper using the heat received from the heating body, and a tube-expansion adhesion portion closely adhering the heating body to the toner fusing unit using a predetermined tube-expansion pressure.

Abstract: An image sensor which may maximize the optical integrity by maximizing the amount of incident light through a microlens layer and a method for manufacturing an image sensor. An image sensor may include a pixel region, a microlens layer, and at least one microlens. The microlens layer may include a plurality of microlenses on the pixel region. At least one microlens has a shape different from the rest of the microlenses.

Abstract: Provided is a small form factor optical/magnetic disk including an integrated metal hub and a disk plate. The integrated metal hub includes a circular upper metal hub and a circular lower metal hub integrally formed with and disposed under the upper metal hub. The circular lower metal hub has a smaller diameter smaller than the upper metal hub. A central hole is formed in central portions of the upper and lower metal hubs and passes through the upper and lower metal hubs. The disk plate has a through-hole that is formed in a central portion and is directly associated with the integrated metal hub, and a recess that is formed around the through-hole and allows the upper metal hub to be mounted therein. Since the central portion of the small form factor optical/magnetic disk is not thick, the small form factor optical/magnetic disk can contribute to an ultra thin small form factor information storage device. Also, since manufacturing processes are simple, price and quality competitiveness can be enhanced.

Abstract: An LCD device having an electromagnetic (EM) type touch panel is disclosed, which includes an electromagnetic sensor inside an LCD panel. The EM type touch panel has a thin profile and can be fabricated through a simplified manufacturing process. The LCD device includes an LCD panel having first and second substrates facing each other, and a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates; an EM sensor having X-axis and Y-axis transparent electrode coils formed in one body with any one of the first and second substrates in the LCD panel; a backlight unit below the LCD panel; and a controller below the backlight, the controller controlling the EM sensor.

Abstract: A patterned medium and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The patterned medium includes a data region having a plurality of recording dots arrayed along a plurality of tracks; and a non-data region comprising a part of the patterned medium other than the data region, the non-data region having a plurality of pattern marks. The method includes depositing an aluminum layer on a base substrate; depositing a photo-resist on the aluminum layer; forming a pattern on the photo-resist using a lithography process; forming a fine pattern by forming a plurality of cavities on a portion of the aluminum layer which is exposed through the photo-resist; removing the photo-resist; forming a mold pattern; imprinting the mold pattern on a media substrate to form cavities on the media substrate; and filling the cavities with a recording material.

Abstract: A memory device that includes at least one memory cell, the memory cell includes: a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ); and a transistor, wherein the transistor is operatively coupled to the MTJ; a bit line; a source line; and a word line, wherein the memory cell is operatively coupled between the bit line and the source line, and the word line is operatively coupled to the transistor; a temperature sensor; and control circuitry, wherein the temperature sensor is operatively coupled to the control circuitry and the control circuitry and temperature sensor are configured to control a current across the memory cell.

Abstract: Provided are an on-channel repeater and a method thereof. The repeater receives signals on one channel and distributes the signals on the same channel by converting RF signals from a main transmitter into baseband signals; equalizing them in a high-performance equalizer, adding a repeater identifier to them; modulating the baseband signals with the repeater identifier into RF signals. The repeater includes: a receiver for receiving RF signals; a demodulator for demodulating the RF signals into baseband signals; an equalizer for equalizing the baseband signals; an adder for adding a repeater identifier to the baseband signals; a modulator for modulating the baseband signals with the repeater identifier added in the adder into RF signals; and a transmitter for transmitting the RF signals modulated in the modulator. The technology of the present invention is used to form an on-channel repeating network in an arbitrary transmission system including a digital television broadcasting system.

Abstract: Flow control is provided for a packet switch. An incoming packet is classified according to its priority based on predefined rules to produce a weight value based on the priority of the packet. A lifetime value associated with the packet is produced based on the weight value and the queue occupancy in a queue to which the packet is assigned. The packet is discarded if its associated lifetime value is less than or equal to a threshold value. Otherwise the packet and associated lifetime value are sent to the queue. The lifetime value is periodically changed and compared to a threshold value. The packet is removed from the queue when its lifetime value reaches the threshold value.

Abstract: A non-volatile memory device includes an active region in which a channel of a transistor is formed in a substrate, element isolation films defining the active region and formed on the substrate at both sides of the channel at a height lower than an upper surface of the active region, a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer, and a control gate electrode formed on the active region in this order, and a floating gate electrode formed between the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer so as to intersect the length direction of the channel and extend to the upper surfaces of the element isolation films at both sides of the channel, thereby surrounding the channel.

Abstract: A fuel cell system and a fuel cell power managing method in which the fuel cell system controls a current output of a fuel cell by adjusting a target voltage value of the fuel cell according to a difference between a current value of the fuel cell and a target constant current value. By doing so, the fuel cell system may allow the fuel cell to stably and constantly output a constant current.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of generating a sound field effect is provided. The sound field effect generating apparatus may generate a frequency coefficient that is frequency-transformed from a direct signal, may generate a reflection signal from the frequency coefficient, may generate an output signal using the frequency coefficient and the reflection signal, and may perform an inverse-frequency transform of the output signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transmission method, a transmission apparatus, a reception method, and a reception apparatus of a digital broadcasting signal that can add frame header information to a front portion of a transmission frame in a transmission system for digital broadcasting to thereby determine a different transmission mode, modulation level, hierarchical modulation, error correction code, and the like for each temporally different transmission frame, and a transmission frame structure thereof. The transmission frame structure includes a frame header containing multiplexing information of the transmission frame, and a frame body containing data information associated with a service provided by the transmission frame.

Abstract: An embodiment provides an electronic card terminal apparatus comprising: a mobile terminal comprising a card socket; and an electronic card coupled to the card socket, the electronic card comprising: a connector comprising a plurality of terminals connected to the card socket; at least one wireless short distance communication module electrically connected to the connector and performing wireless short distance communication through a predetermined frequency band; a card module storing user information and electrically connected to the connector and the wireless short distance communication module; and an antenna transmitting/receiving data of the wireless short distance communication module.

Abstract: In a method and an apparatus for forming metal oxide on a substrate, a source gas including metal precursor flows along a surface of the substrate to form a metal precursor layer on the substrate. An oxidizing gas including ozone flows along a surface of the metal precursor layer to oxidize the metal precursor layer so that the metal oxide is formed on the substrate. A radio frequency power is applied to the oxidizing gas flowing along the surface of the metal precursor layer to accelerate a reaction between the metal precursor layer and the oxidizing gas. Acceleration of the oxidation reaction may improve electrical characteristics and uniformity of the metal oxide.