Abstract: A method for generating a codeword from a vector generated by combining four symbols PO, P1, P2 and P3 includes generating 16 vectors Vi (i=0˜F, where i is an index) by combining the four symbols with repetition allowed, and producing the codeword by mapping data to the 16 vector combinations.

Abstract: Provided are an acknowledgement (ACK) method and apparatus of an aggregated frame in a wideband high frequency wireless system. The ACK method of a destination apparatus in the wideband high frequency wireless system includes reading subframes included in an aggregated frame during a predetermined period of time when receiving the aggregated frame, and generating an ACK frame including information about a reading result of the aggregated frame during the predetermined period of time.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a system for providing online learning contents, which can maximize efficiency of education based on analysis of a plurality of learning contents and matching of a result of the analysis to a student to meet characteristics and environments of the student. The system according to the present invention comprises at least two or more contents providers, an education management server, an authentication server, and a web server. Accordingly, since a student can be provided with an education corresponding to the inclination of the student, effect of online education can be enhanced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating alcohol-induced liver injury comprising (4S,5S)-5-fluoromethyl-5-hydroxy-4-({[(5R)-5-isopropyl-3-(isoquinolin-1-yl)-4,5-dihydro-5-isoxazolyl]carbonyl}amino)-dihydrofuran-2-one or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an organic light emitting device and a manufacturing method thereof. An organic light emitting device includes a first substrate, a thin film structure disposed on the first substrate, a second substrate comprising an inner surface and an outer surface, a first sealing member disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the first sealing member comprising an inner surface and an outer surface, and a second sealing member disposed on the outer surface of the second substrate.

Abstract: A memory comprising at least one memory cell operationally connected to a bit line, a source line and a word line. The memory cell comprises a substrate having a first source contact, a second source contact, and a bit contact between the first source contact and the second source contact, a first transistor gate electrically connecting the first source contact and the bit contact and a second transistor gate electrically connecting the bit contact and the second source contact. The word line electrically connects the first transistor gate to the second transistor gate.

Abstract: The embodiment provides a distributor and refrigerant circulation system comprising the same. A distributor includes: an inlet flow passage on which liquid and gaseous refrigerants that flows in from the inlet pipe flows; a distribution flow passage that receives the liquid and gaseous refrigerants which flow in to the inlet flow passage and distributes the received liquid and gaseous refrigerants to the plurality of outlet pipes; and a distribution projection that evenly distributes the refrigerant to the outlet pipe through the distribution unit.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a housing of an electronic device having a plurality of hidden ventilation holes, which comprises an intermediate frame, an upper shell and a lower shell, wherein the intermediate frame comprises an upright flange along the outer edges thereof, the upper shell and the lower shell respectively have its edge secured to an inner edge inside the flange of the intermediate frame, the upper shell and the lower shell both comprise a plurality of spaced cavities formed along the edge of the upper shell and the lower shell, and both the cavities are concealed behind the flange when the intermediate frame is assembled with the upper shell and the lower shell respectively, so as to maintain a structural strength of the housing and to be looked aesthetic.

Abstract: An exemplary liquid crystal display (2) includes a liquid crystal panel (20) and a drive integrated circuit (IC) (21). The liquid crystal panel includes a plurality of circuit pads (202), a first positional mark (2031), and a second positional mark (2032). The drive IC includes a plurality of metal bumps (210) respectively electrically connected to the circuit pads of the liquid crystal panel, a first sideline (2131), and a second sideline (2132) oriented at an angle relative to the first sideline. A distance from the first positional mark to a nearest one of the circuit pads is equal to a distance from the first sideline to a nearest one of the metal bumps. A distance from the second positional mark to a nearest one of the circuit pads is equal to a distance from the second sideline to a nearest one of the metal bumps.

Abstract: Provided is a system for and method of extracting and clustering information. The system includes a clustering criterion designing unit that reconstructs a plurality of clustering criteria for each layer or applies weights to the plurality of clustering criteria in order to design a new clustering criterion, an input data processing unit that extracts characteristics from input data according to the new clustering criterion, and a clustering unit that performs clustering on the extracted characteristics.

Abstract: In a high speed vertical channel transistor, a pillar structure is formed over a substrate, a gate electrode surrounds an outer wall of a lower portion of the pillar structure; and a word line extends in a direction to partially contact an outer wall of the gate electrode. The word line shifts toward a side of the pillar structure resulting in increased transistor speed.

Abstract: A system for transmitting a digital broadcasting signal includes a supplementary reference signal (SRS) inserter receiving a dual transport stream in which a normal stream and a turbo stream are multiplexed, and inserting an SRS into a stuffing region provided in the dual transport stream, a Reed-Solomon encoder encoding the dual transport stream having the SRS inserted therein, an interleaver interleaving the encoded dual transport stream, a turbo processor detecting and encoding the turbo stream from the interleaved dual transport stream, stuffing the dual transport stream with the encoded turbo stream, and compensating for a parity corresponding to the encoded turbo stream, and a trellis/parity corrector performing a trellis encoding of the dual transport stream processed by the turbo processor, which can robustly process a turbo stream included in the dual transport stream and easily confirm the channel state between a transmitter side and a receiver side.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an optical connection. In the present invention, an element wire is removably fastened to the optical connector by tightening a main wire connection member using a tightening member from a state in which a plug, a main wire aligning member, a spring, a fastening member, the main wire connection member and the tightening member are previously assembled together. Consequently, only a related optical line need be repaired or replaced with another one, so that the optical line connection work is markedly simplified and can be performed conveniently. Furthermore, there is an advantage of efficient reuse of components.

Abstract: The present invention relates to supporting a handover of a mobile terminal. Preferably, the present invention performs a scan of a neighboring network different from a current network of the mobile terminal to determine the presence of an accessible link of the neighboring network for performing a handover, wherein the mobile terminal comprises a heterogeneous network handover module that is configured to provide convergence of information from at least one network interface module associated with one of a homogeneous and heterogeneous network into a unified presentation. An information message is then received from the neighboring network, wherein the information message comprises an information element associated with whether the neighboring network is capable of communicating with the heterogeneous network handover module of the mobile terminal.

Abstract: A small structure which uses bonding wires to prevent disturbance and provide support and a method of fabricating the same are provided. The small structure includes a floating body having a plurality of first contact pads, a base having a plurality of second contact pads, and a plurality of bonding wires electrically connecting the first and second contact pads and elastically supporting the floating body. The method of fabricating the small structure includes preparing a base, forming a sacrificial layer on the base, disposing a floating body on the sacrificial layer, connecting the base and the floating body with bonding wires, and removing the sacrificial layer. Thereby, fabrication costs of the small structure are reduced.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a chemical mechanical polishing method for a substrate having a first layer and a stepped portion. A surface of the first layer is positioned above an upper face of the stepped portion. A polishing process for selectively removing the stepped portion is performed on the first layer by using a first slurry composition that has a self-stopping characteristic so that the first layer is changed into a second layer having a substantially flat surface. A second polishing process is performed using a second slurry composition that does not have the self-stopping characteristic, until the upper face of the stepped portion is exposed.

Abstract: An inexpensive method of manufacturing a semiconductor package using a redistribution substrate that is relatively thin. The method includes: attaching a semiconductor chip to a redistribution substrate; attaching the redistribution substrate to which the semiconductor chip is attached to a printed circuit board; removing a support substrate of the redistribution substrate; forming via holes to expose a bond pad of the semiconductor chip and a bond finger of the printed circuit board; and filling the via holes with a conductive material. Meanwhile, a redistribution substrate to which at least one other semiconductor chip may be mounted on the redistribution substrate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) device includes an LCD panel having a plurality of data lines and a plurality of gate lines crossing the data lines, a data driving circuit to generate a data voltage, a demultiplexer to apply the data voltage from the data driving circuit to the data lines using a plurality of switching devices, and a control signal generator to generate a plurality of control signals having a first polarity of voltage in order to turn on the switching devices and in order to add a second polarity of voltage to the control signals.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a belt to transfer a printing medium, a plurality of support rollers which rotatably supports the belt, a photosensitive medium which has a surface on which a visible toner image is formed by charged toner, a transfer roller which is disposed adjacent to the photosensitive medium with the belt interposed therebetween, a power supplying part which supplies power to the transfer roller so that a surface of the transfer roller has an electrical potential, and a control part which controls the power supplying part to supply a pulse power, which has a middle power of a same polarity as a polarity of the charged toner, to the transfer roller so that the charged toner remaining on the belt after the belt transfers the printing medium past the photosensitive medium is transferred back to the photosensitive medium.

Abstract: An inkjet printing system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes an inkjet printing chamber depositing ink on a substrate, and a drying chamber spaced from inkjet printing chamber by a predetermined interval and drying the ink by regulating a vapor pressure of a solvent of the ink deposited on substrate. The drying chamber is provided separately, and the vapor pressure of the solvent within the drying chamber is regulated, so that the drying speed of the ink is regulated so as to improve the crystallinity of the organic semiconductor.