Abstract: A cooling apparatus includes a storage compartment, an evaporator to cool air in the storage compartment by evaporating a refrigerant, a compressor to compress the refrigerant evaporated by the evaporator, an air blower to supply the air cooled by the evaporator to the storage compartment and to remove frost formed on the evaporator, a storage temperature sensor to sense a temperature of the storage compartment, a driving unit to drive the compressor and the air blower, and a controller to perform a defrosting operation of operating the air blower to remove frost formed on the evaporator when a cooling operation of cooling the storage compartment is terminated and to perform the cooling operation, wherein the controller defers, when the defrosting operation is being performed, operation of the compressor, even if the temperature of the storage compartment is greater than or equal to the storage upper limit temperature.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for playing broadcast content in a broadcasting system are provided. The method and the apparatus enable a viewer to watch an entire event by broadcasting the event through different networks in a condition that the event may not be broadcast from start to finish over a single broadcasting network.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for managing remote upgrading keys in an information security apparatus. A remote source apparatus generates key disabling data according to a divulged remote upgrading key and sends the key disabling data to the information security apparatus, and the information security apparatus performs the disabling operation on the divulged remote upgrading key according to the received key disabling data. Using the method disclosed in the present invention can prevent the information security apparatus from being maliciously attacked by malicious attackers by using the divulged remote upgrading key and through the remote upgrading process.

Abstract: A refrigerator having a freezer compartment and a refrigerator compartment that circulates a plurality of individual refrigerating cycles using a plurality of compressors so as to individually cool the freezer compartment and the refrigerator compartment. The refrigerator includes a plurality of compressors, a plurality of condensers, a plurality of expansion valves, and a plurality of evaporators. One of the plurality of condensers is disposed in a machine compartment and the other condenser is disposed outside the machine compartment so that a heat dissipation effect of the machine compartment may be improved and arrangement availability may be increased. Also, the refrigerator includes a plurality of compressors, a dual path condenser, a plurality of expansion valves, and a plurality of evaporators. The dual path condenser may have a plurality of individual condensation paths.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a body, first and second storage compartments and a machine compartment formed in the body, a blower fan disposed in the machine compartment, first and second refrigerating units comprising first and second compressors to compress first and second refrigerants, respectively, first and second condensers to condense the first and second refrigerants, respectively, first and second expansion valves to expand the first and second refrigerants, respectively, and first and second evaporators to evaporate the first and second refrigerants, respectively, the first and second refrigerating units supplying cold air to the first and storage compartments, respectively. The first compressor, the second compressor, and the first condenser are disposed in the machine compartment and are cooled by forcible flow of air caused by the blower fan, and the second condenser is disposed outside the machine compartment and is cooled by natural convection of air.

Abstract: A power control method and apparatus to heat a heating roller includes heating a heating roller provided to fix a toner image of print data in an image forming apparatus, the heating roller having a heating resistor to receive roller power. The power control method includes gradually increasing a maximum level of a source power supplied from an external source up to a specific maximum supply level, and supplying the maximum source power to the heating resistor as the roller power while gradually increasing the maximum level of the source power up to a specific maximum supply level, measuring a surface temperature of the heating roller, and supplying the source power of which maximum level is equal to the maximum supply level to the heating resistor as the roller power until the measured surface temperature reaches a specific fixing target temperature, and fixing the toner image onto a printing medium.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for improving the sharpness of an image, which may prevent occurrence of distortion of an image in an edge enhancement process of the image by applying an active weight in accordance with a two-dimensional (2D) high pass filtering value of the image. The apparatus may include: a 2D high pass filter outputting a high frequency element value for the luminance values of pixels of an input image; a weight generating unit generating a weight changed depending on a magnitude of the high frequency element value; a weight applying unit applying the weight to the high frequency element value; and an edge enhancement image generating unit adding, to the luminance values of the pixels of the input image, the high frequency element value to which the weight is applied to thereby output an image of which an edge is enhanced.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of cell searching in a wireless communication is disclosed. A method of cell searching in a user equipment of a wireless communication system, which supports a multi-mode, comprises the steps of generating a list of neighbor cells by measuring a power of each of the neighbor cells of first radio access technology (RAT) when the user equipment is operating in second RAT; and a first search step of searching for a cell, which can serve the user equipment, from the cells included in the list of neighbor cells if radio link failure is occurred in the second RAT.

Abstract: A method for transmitting and receiving a message for Downloadable-Conditional Access System (D-CAS) or Downloadable-Digital Rights Management (D-DRM) in Moving Picture Experts Group Media Transport (MMT) is provided. The method includes, upon receiving Composition Information (CI) from an MMT server, acquiring signaling information for D-CAS or D-DRM, which is included in the CI, acquiring, from the signaling information, an address of a server from which software of D-CAS or D-DRM is downloadable, generating a request for the software based on the signaling information, and sending the request for the software to the server address.

Abstract: An array substrate and a display apparatus including the array substrate are provided. The array substrate includes a substrate divided into a display area and a peripheral area adjacent to the display area. A pixel array is formed on the substrate corresponding to the display area and receives a driving signal. A driving circuit includes a plurality of stages and is formed on the substrate corresponding to the peripheral area. Each of the stages includes a first transistor having a source electrode connected to an output terminal to output the driving signal, a channel layer formed between a gate insulating layer and the source electrode, the channel layer having an opening to facilitate contact between a portion of the gate insulating layer and the source electrode, and a capacitor defined by a gate electrode of the first transistor, the source electrode, and the gate insulating layer contacting the source electrode.

Abstract: A reception method for a combined broadcasting and communication service includes receiving first metadata including second metadata, displaying the feasibility of reception of multimedia data replacing a broadcast program based on the first metadata including the second metadata, and receiving the multimedia data replacing the broadcast program through an Internet Protocol (IP) network based on the second metadata when the multimedia data replacing the broadcast program is determined, wherein the first metadata includes position information about the broadcast program, and the second metadata includes position information of the multimedia data replacing the broadcast program. Accordingly, a high-quality broadcast may be received.

Abstract: A method for performing handover in a dual-mode terminal is disclosed. The method for performing handover in a dual-mode terminal includes receiving an Internet Protocol (IP) packet from a personal computer (PC), and transmitting the received IP packet to a serving network; upon receiving a handover message from the serving network, stopping reception of the IP packet from the PC; forwarding residual packets from a first processor corresponding to the serving network to a second processor corresponding to a target network; upon handover completion and completion of the forwarding of the residual packets, restarting reception of the IP packet from the PC; and transmitting the residual packets to the target network.

Abstract: For use in a wireless network, a method for supporting a Machine-Type Communication (MTC) User Equipment (UE) is provided. The method comprises transmitting an MTC-specific Master Information Block (M-MIB) carrying information specific to a User Equipment (UE), via a MTC Physical Broadcast Channel (M-PBCH) to the MTC UE. The M-PBCH is transmitted in a M-PBCH subframe being different from a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) subframe in which a PBCH is transmitted.

Abstract: A power control apparatus and an image forming apparatus include a non-heating control unit to control non-heating control components according to a power-on signal, and a heating control unit to increase a level of a source power supplied as roller power and to supply the increased level of the roller power to a heating roller according to phases of current of the source power such that heating the roller reaches a temperature before a power-on process of the non-heating control unit is completed.

Abstract: A method for generating a key pair and transmitting a public key or request file of a certificate in security is provided. Usually, when a user applies for a certificate, a public-private key pair is always generated by a client side; the public key is combined with the user information to form the certificate; the CA's signature enables validity of user's certificate. However, in other cases, the client side is not a perfectly secure environment, so the private key of the user generated from the client side may be filched by a hacker, or may be replaced by a forged public key. On this occasion, the hacker can disguise the user without being detected. The method of the present invention is to use an information security device to generate a public-private key pair, the private key is saved within the information security device; the public key can be exported; and the information security device can generate authentication information for verifying the public key.

Abstract: An optical pick-up apparatus for reproducing information recorded on an optical recording medium or recording information on the optical recording medium is provided. The optical pick-up apparatus includes a light source unit which generates beams; a diffraction element which diffracts the generated beams; and an objective lens which focuses a p order diffracted beam which is used for recording and reproducing information among a plurality of diffracted beams which are diffracted by the diffraction element on any one of a plurality of information layers which are formed on an optical recording medium. A p±1 order diffracted beam which is not used for recording and reproducing information is focused away from the plurality of information recording layers and on the surface of the optical recording medium.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a nanowire including silicon rich oxide and a method for producing the same. The nanowire exhibits excellent electrically conducting properties and optical characteristics, and therefore is effectively used in a variety of applications including, for example, solar cells, sensors, photodetectors, light emitting diodes, laser diodes, EL devices, PL devices, CL devices, FETs, CTFs, surface plasmon waveguides, MOS capacitors and the like.

Abstract: There is provided a method of preparing a surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) particle comprising the step of encapsulating a plurality of Raman molecules on the surface of a metallic core with a biocompatible protective shell at an elevated temperature selected to decrease the encapsulation time by more than one-fold relative to an encapsulation performed at 20° C.

Abstract: An array substrate and a display apparatus including the array substrate are provided. The array substrate includes a substrate divided into a display area and a peripheral area adjacent to the display area. A pixel array is formed on the substrate corresponding to the display area and receives a driving signal. A driving circuit includes a plurality of stages and is formed on the substrate corresponding to the peripheral area. Each of the stages includes a first transistor having a source electrode connected to an output terminal to output the driving signal, a channel layer formed between a gate insulating layer and the source electrode, the channel layer having an opening to facilitate contact between a portion of the gate insulating layer and the source electrode, and a capacitor defined by a gate electrode of the first transistor, the source electrode, and the gate insulating layer contacting the source electrode.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing inter-RAT measurement in a dual modem device are disclosed. A method for processing inter-RAT measurement in a dual modem device includes receiving, by a first processor communicating with a first communication network, a measurement control signal including a parameter for signal measurement from the first communication network; transmitting, by the first processor, timing information based on a system frame number (SFN) and a global time to a second processor; acquiring time synchronization for the inter-RAT measurement between the first processor and the second processor on the basis of the system frame number (SFN) and the global time; transmitting the parameter from the first processor to the second processor; and measuring, by the second processor, a signal of a second communication network using the parameter.