Abstract: A magnetic memory device includes a substrate having a first mold insulating film on a first region thereof, and a first structure on the substrate. The first structure includes a lower electrode, a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) structure on the lower electrode, and an upper electrode on the MTJ structure. A capping film is provided, which extends on the first mold insulating film and sidewalls of the first structure. A first etching stop layer is provided on the first structure and the capping film. A second mold insulating film is provided, which at least partially fills a space between the capping film and the first etching stop layer. A first metal structure is provided, which extends through a portion of the first etching stop layer and a portion of the second mold insulating film, and is electrically coupled to the MTJ structure.

Abstract: A semiconductor light-emitting device includes a plurality of light-emitting device structures separated from each other and arranged in a matrix form. A pad region at least partially surrounds the plurality of light-emitting device structures. The pad region is disposed outside of the plurality of light-emitting device structures. A partition structure is disposed on a first surface of the plurality of light-emitting device structures and is further disposed between adjacent light-emitting device structures of the plurality of light-emitting device structures. The partition structure defines a plurality of pixel spaces within the plurality of light-emitting device structures. A fluorescent layer is disposed on the first surface of the plurality of light-emitting device structures and fills each of the plurality of pixel spaces.

Abstract: A method and apparatus provides a service based on biometric information. A bioelectrical impedance of a user is measured at a first time point to obtain a first value representing biometric information of the user. At least one processor predicts the biometric information of the user at a third time point subsequent to the first time point to obtain a third value, based on the first value representing biometric information of the user at the first time point and a second value representing the biometric information at a second time point prior to the first time point. The processor calculates a difference between a fourth value representing a target related to the biometric information of the user, input by the user in advance, and the third value. Information regarding a health management service is output based on the difference between the fourth value and the third value.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for measuring aromatic contents in a hydrocarbon solution. More specifically, it relates to a measurement method capable of quickly and accurately checking aromatic contents in a compound, particularly in a hydrocarbon, in a solution state without a high-temperature drying process.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a console tray for a vehicle capable of increasing a capacity of the tray itself by reducing a rotation radius of a cover of the console tray.

Abstract: A semiconductor device including a memory device which has improved reliability is provided. The semiconductor device comprises at least one data pin configured to transfer a data signal, at least one command address pin configured to transfer a command and an address, at least one serial pin configured to transfer a serial data signal, and processing circuitry connected to the at least one data pin and the at least one serial pin. The processing circuitry is configured to receive the data signal from outside through the at least one data pin, and the processing circuitry is configured to output the serial data signal through the at least one serial pin in response to the received data signal.

Abstract: A printed circuit board includes: a first insulating layer; a first wiring layer at least partially buried in the first insulating layer; a second insulating layer disposed on an upper surface of the first insulating layer; a second wiring layer at least partially buried in the second insulating layer; and a cavity penetrating through the second insulating layer and a portion of the first insulating layer and exposing a portion of the upper surface of the first insulating layer as a bottom surface of the cavity. The first wiring layer includes a wiring pattern at least partially exposed from the first insulating layer by the cavity, an upper surface of the wiring pattern has a step structure with the upper surface of the first insulating layer exposed by the cavity, and a lower surface of the wiring pattern is coplanar with a lower surface of the first insulating layer.

Abstract: The bi-directional optical integrated circuit device array includes a plurality of bi-directional optical integrated circuit unit devices integrated on a substrate and arranged in two-dimensions. Each of the bi-directional optical integrated circuit unit devices includes a single wavelength laser light source integrated on the substrate, a bi-directional optical device integrated on the substrate and optically connected to the laser light source, and an antenna integrated on the substrate and optically connected to the bi-directional optical device.

Abstract: A method for providing virtual contents in a virtual space based on a common coordinate system includes: detecting a base marker for identifying a fixed point of an actual operation space, and a target marker for identifying an actual operation object, from initial image data indicating an initial state of the actual operation object in the actual operation space; calculating an initial model matrix of a target marker expressing an initial position and orientation of the target marker, and a model matrix of the base marker expressing a position and an orientation of the detected base marker in a virtual operation space having a common coordinate system which has the detected base marker as a reference; and calculating a current model matrix of the target marker expressing a current position and orientation of the target marker by using the calculated model matrix of the base marker.

Abstract: An electronic device including a memory device with improved reliability is provided. The semiconductor device comprises a data pin configured to transmit a data signal, a command/address pin configured to transmit a command and an address, a command/address receiver connected to the command/address pin, and a computing unit connected to the command/address receiver, wherein the command/address receiver receives a first command and a first address from the outside through the command/address pin and generates a first instruction on the basis of the first command and the first address, and the computing unit receives the first instruction and performs computation based on the first instruction.

Abstract: A system for increasing a temperature of a battery includes: an inverter comprising a plurality of legs corresponding to a plurality of phases, respectively, wherein each of the legs comprises a pair of switching elements connected in series to both terminals of the battery, respectively; a motor comprising a plurality of coils corresponding to the plurality of phases, respectively, wherein each of the plurality of coils has one end connected to a connection node between the pair of switching elements included in each leg of the inverter, each leg corresponding to each of the plurality of coils, and other ends of plurality of coils are connected to each other; and a controller generating a battery application AC current applied to the battery by controlling on and off states of the pair of switching elements included in the legs of the inverter.

Abstract: A DC-to-DC converter includes a first capacitor, first, second, third, and fourth switches connected in series between first and second electrodes of the first capacitor, a second capacitor connected to a connection node of the first switch and the second switch and a connection node of the third switch and the fourth switch, an inductor connected to a connection node of the second switch and the third switch, and a controller that controls an on/off state of each of the first to fourth switches on the basis of a value obtained by applying a reciprocal of a detection current that is a measured current flowing through the inductor to a difference between a first detection voltage and a first voltage instruction value and a difference between a second detection voltage and a second voltage instruction value.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a hydro crusher for water treatment, for removing living organisms from water to be treated, the hydro crusher including: a body portion which has a cylindrical shape having an inner space, and includes an inflow portion to allow the water to be treated to be drawn into the inner space therethrough, and a discharge portion to discharge the water to be treated, drawn in through the inflow portion; and solid particles which are movable by the water to be treated, wherein the movable solid particles are filled in at least a portion of the inner space.

Abstract: A system for increasing a temperature of a battery includes an inverter including a plurality of legs each including one pair of switching devices connected in series to each other between opposite ends of the battery and corresponding to a plurality of phases, respectively, a motor including a plurality of coils corresponding to the plurality of phases, respectively, where one end of each of the plurality of coils is connected to a connection node between one pair of switching devices included in a corresponding leg and other ends of the coils are connected to each other, and a controller configured to select two phases of the plurality of phases, and to alternately control an on/off state of switching devices included in two legs in the inverter, corresponding to the two selected phases, at a preset switching frequency to generate alternating current (AC) supplied to the battery.

Abstract: A charging power supplying system using a motor driving system includes an inverter that is connected to a battery, includes at least one switching device, and is configured to change an on/off state of the switching device and to convert power stored in the battery to output the converted power to an output terminal of the inverter, a motor including a plurality of coils that each receive power provided from the output terminal of the inverter, a charging power output terminal that is connected to a neutral point to which the plurality of coils of the motor is commonly connected and outputs current output from the neutral point to an external charging target, and a controller configured to control the switching device in the inverter based on current of the output terminal of the inverter.

Abstract: A motor driving device drives a motor having a plurality of windings corresponding to a plurality of phases. The motor driving device includes: a first inverter configured to include a plurality of first switching elements and connected to first stages of the plurality of windings; a second inverter configured to include a plurality of second switching elements and connected to second stages of the plurality of windings; and a controller configured to fix switching states of the second switching elements and switch the first switching elements to compose target voltage vectors if the motor is driven in an open end winding type by operating the first inverter and the second inverter in a space vector pulse width modulation mode.

Abstract: A battery-heating system and method using a motor-driving system is provided. The battery-heating system includes an inverter having legs respectively including a pair of switching elements connected in series between the ends of a battery and corresponding to a plurality of phases. A motor of the system includes coils each having one end connected to a connection end between a pair of switching elements of the legs, other ends of the plurality of coils being connected together. A controller determines one of the plurality of phases as a reference phase, and alternately controls the on-off states of the switching elements so that the on-off state of the switching element included in the leg corresponding to the reference phase and the switching element included in the other leg are mutually complementary, thereby generating AC current to be injected into the battery.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a charging system using a motor-driving system is configured to suppress the occurrence of torque in a motor when a battery is charged by receiving the supply of external charging current to a neutral point of the motor.

Abstract: A battery heating system and method using a motor driving system are provided. A temperature of a battery is increased by injecting an alternating current into the battery so that charging and discharging of the battery is repeated using the motor driving system including an inverter and a motor provided in a vehicle.

Abstract: A flying DC-to-DC converter has a capacitor protection function of preventing a flying capacitor from overheating. The flying DC-to-DC converter estimates the temperature of a capacitor on the basis of a switching duty and an inductor current determined according to a result of comparison between an output voltage and a voltage instruction value, and determines whether to perform de-rating.