Abstract: A method of forming a material layer includes providing a substrate into a reaction chamber, providing a source material onto a substrate, the source material being a precursor of a metal or semimetal having a ligand, providing an ether-based modifier on the substrate, purging an inside of the reaction chamber, and reacting a reaction material with the source material to form the material layer.

Abstract: A wide-angle lens system includes, in an order from an object side toward an image surface side: a first lens group having positive or negative refractive power; a second lens group having positive refractive power; and a third lens group having negative refractive power. When an object position changes from an infinite distance to a nearest distance, the first and third lens groups are fixed, and the second lens group moves along an optical axis to perform focusing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for hybrid transmission over a broadcast network and a broadband network, comprising the steps of: providing information on the broadcast content relating to a first content during the viewing the first content of the broadband network; and, if the related broadcast content is selected, providing the related broadcast content to a user over the broadcast network. The user may receive the broadcast content corresponding to relevant specific content over the broadcast network and view the received broadcast content during the viewing of specific VOD content in the broadcast network.

Abstract: A display panel driving apparatus includes a control circuit, a data driver and a gate driver. The control circuit is configured to receive a first control signal for recovering a clock signal from a display signal including image data and the clock signal, and calculate a root mean square of the first control signal to output a second control signal. The data driver is configured to receive the display signal, receive the second control signal, recover the clock signal from the display signal according to the second control signal, and output a data signal based on the image data to a data line of a display panel. The gate driving part is configured to output a gate signal to a gate line of the display panel.

Abstract: A super-wide angle lens and a photographing apparatus including the super-wide angle lens are provided. The super-wide angle lens includes a first lens having a negative refractive power and a second lens having a positive refractive power, wherein the first lens and the second lens are disposed in sequential order from an object side to an image side, and wherein the super-wide angle lens has a half view angle of 80 degrees or greater.

Abstract: A method of reducing a time for switching a gate line driving signal of display device having plural gate lines from a level that is less than a full gate-on level to the gate-on level is disclosed. The method may include: during a gate line pre-charging period of a respective gate line, causing the gate line driving signal to be at the full gate-on level; during a corresponding gate line main-charging period that follows the pre-charging period, causing the gate line driving signal of to be at the full gate-on level; and during an interposed period that is interposed between the gate line pre-charging period and its corresponding gate line main-charging period, causing the gate line driving signal to be at an intermediate level that is between the full gate-on level and an opposed gate-off level.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising the extract of combined herbs consisting of heat processed ginseng, houttuyniae herba, perilla leaf and tea leaf or the processed extract thereof as active ingredients for preventing and treating hair baldness and stimulating activity of hair growth. The inventive combined extract showed more potent hair-growth promoting activity and synergistic effect than the precedent invention(s), for example, a fermented extract of Houttuyniae Herba, Perilla leaf and Tea leaf disclosed in Korea Patent Publication No, 10-2014-0114492 (A1), through various animal model experiments such as the growth rate test using by C57BL/6 mouse, the proliferating effect on the growth of HFDPC etc and additionally, more favorable advantage than the precedent invention(s), for example, the easiness in controlling the prescribed dosage by dint of the final form of the inventive extract, i.e.

Abstract: Disclosed is a hybrid delivery method for content in which content is divided corresponding to the number of means of delivery and transmitted. An hybrid delivery method of content comprises the steps of: detecting the number of delivery means by which a server can transmit content to a client; dividing the content so as to correspond to the detected number of delivery means; generating composition information for each of the divided content; and transmitting the divided content and the composition information to the client using the transmission means. Thus, a variety of transmission means can be used effectively.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a management system, a search method, and a browsing method of a unified data object using a tag object. A unified data object management system and method may efficiently access and manage the data object by storing and managing the unified data objects including a file, non-file data, or dynamic data on the basis of the tag object and then providing a search result based on the tag object when a search command is entered by a user.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device, including a display panel including data lines and gate lines intersecting the data lines, a gate driver configured to sequentially apply a scan signal to the gate lines, a data driver configured to apply data voltages corresponding to each gate lines to the data lines, a timing controller configured to control the gate driver and the data driver, a power source supply circuit configured to supply a positive power source and a negative power source, a common voltage feedback circuit configured to receive the positive power source and the negative power source from the power source supply circuit, receive a reference voltage and a common voltage from the display panel, and output an amplified feedback signal corresponding to a voltage level difference between the reference voltage and the common voltage.

Abstract: A method for estimating an angle of arrival of multiple targets moving at a high speed includes defining a range and a resolving power of an angle of arrival and an angular velocity of a plurality of direction finding targets (S1100), setting minimum values of the angle of arrival and the angular velocity within the range to be a set angle of arrival and a set angular velocity (S1200), and adding angle of arrival resolution and angular velocity resolution to the set angle of arrival and the set angular velocity, respectively, deriving a two-dimensional spatial spectrum of a transformed incident signal using a pre-steered vector until the angle of arrival and the angular velocity become a maximum value, and estimating a peak value of the spatial spectrum as a measured angle of arrival and a measured angular velocity of the target (S1300).

Abstract: Provided is a recycling method of recovery oil including: a) recovering sludge accumulated in a crude oil tank; b) separating the sludge into recovery oil, water, and sediment; and c) mixing the recovery oil with crude oil and performing fractional distillation on a mixture of the recovery oil and the crude oil.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a light emitting device module including a circuit board, a light emitting device bonded to a conductive layer on the circuit board via a conductive adhesive, a phosphor layer disposed on a side surface and an upper surface of the light emitting device, and a lens on the circuit board and the phosphor layer. A void is generated between the light emitting device and the circuit board.

Abstract: Disclosed are a data transmission method and a data restoration method. The data transmission method forming a plurality of transmission preparatory packets by dividing data to be transmitted by a predetermined number (n) of bits, forming a plurality of transition inducing packets having the predetermined number (n) of bits, different from the transmission preparatory packets, and not complementary to the transmission preparatory packets, and forming transition included data packets by performing a logical operation on the transition inducing packets and the respective transmission preparatory packets, transmitting the transition included data packets and the different transition inducing packets, wherein the forming of the transition included data packets comprises: forming the transition included data packets by performing the logical operation on periodically repeated packet bundles and different transition inducing packets.

Abstract: The present invention provides video encoding and decoding methods using block merging, which can be applied to a high resolution video of more than HD (High Definition) resolution. A video encoding method includes partitioning a current block into a first and a second prediction unit by using asymmetric partitioning, constructing a list of common merging candidate blocks including a predetermined number of common merging candidate blocks selected from adjacent blocks of the current block, selecting at least one candidate block from among the list of common merging candidate blocks and sending information of the selected candidate block to a decoder for each of the first and the second prediction unit.

Abstract: The present invention provides video encoding and decoding methods using block merging, which can be applied to a high resolution video of more than HD (High Definition) resolution. A video encoding method includes partitioning a current block into a first and a second prediction unit by using asymmetric partitioning, constructing a list of common merging candidate blocks including a predetermined number of common merging candidate blocks selected from adjacent blocks of the current block, selecting at least one candidate block from among the list of common merging candidate blocks and sending information of the selected candidate block to a decoder for each of the first and the second prediction unit.

Abstract: Disclosed are a data transmission method and a data restoration method. The data transmission method includes forming a plurality of transmission preparatory packets by dividing data to be transmitted by the predetermined number (n) of bits, forming transition inducing packets different from the transmission preparatory packets while having the predetermined number (n) of bits, forming transition included data packets by performing a logical operation on the transition inducing packet and each of the transmission preparatory packets, and transmitting the transition included data packets and the transition inducing packet.

Abstract: The present invention provides video encoding and decoding methods using block merging, which can be applied to a high resolution video of more than HD (High Definition) resolution. A video encoding method includes partitioning a current block into a first and a second prediction unit by using asymmetric partitioning, constructing a list of common merging candidate blocks including a predetermined number of common merging candidate blocks selected from adjacent blocks of the current block, selecting at least one candidate block from among the list of common merging candidate blocks and sending information of the selected candidate block to a decoder for each of the first and the second prediction unit.

Abstract: A display device and method are provided. The display device includes a timing controller configured to insert a clock between data and transmit the data in which the clock has been inserted, transmission lines configured to transfer the data in which the clock has been inserted, and data driver integrated circuits (ICs) configured to receive the data in which the clock has been inserted, separate the clock from the data, and drive data lines of a liquid crystal panel on the basis of the clock and the data. The timing controller includes a phase-locked loop (PLL) including an oscillator and an inductor-capacitor (LC) resonant circuit, and a reset signal generator configured to generate a reset signal causing the PLL to start coarse frequency tuning when initial power is applied or a frequency of an applied input clock changes.

Abstract: A method of driving a display panel includes providing at least one gate line among a plurality of gate lines disposed in the display panel with a gate signal of a gate-on level during a vertical blanking period of a frame period and providing a data line disposed in the display panel with data voltages of a first polarity and a second polarity opposite to the first polarity during the vertical blanking period.