Abstract: A decentralized scheduling method in a wireless ad hoc network is provided which includes grouping nodes in the network cluster by cluster, determining a cluster head of each cluster, and sequentially performing scheduling cluster by cluster. Accordingly, it is possible to provide an efficient cluster-based scheduling method which is quickly adapt to changes and reduces power consumption.

Abstract: Provided is a method for preparing a compound semiconductor substrate. The method includes coating a plurality of spherical balls on a substrate, growing a compound semiconductor epitaxial layer on the substrate coated with the spherical balls while allowing voids to be formed under the spherical balls, and cooling the substrate on which the compound semiconductor epitaxial layer is grown so that the substrate and the compound semiconductor epitaxial layer are self-separated along the voids. The spherical ball treatment can reduce dislocation generations. In addition, because the substrate and the compound semiconductor epitaxial layer are separated through the self-separation, there is no need for laser lift-off process.

Abstract: A method of selecting a sensor in a semiconductor manufacturing process is provided. The method includes measuring responses of a plurality of sensors when a first of a plurality of process conditions is varied, identifying one or more of the sensors having a steady state response after the first of the process conditions is varied, and selecting a sensor having a highest value within a response range from among the sensors having the steady state response for the first process condition that is varied. This methodology may be performed for multiple different process conditions. Thus, when process conditions in multiple processes of manufacturing a semiconductor device are varied, sensors having a steady state response can be selected from among multiple sensors for detecting abnormalities in the processes.

Abstract: A method of controlling a dish washing machine capable of automatically washing items to be washed is disclosed. The method includes performing a steam spraying action defined to spray stream on a plurality of racks containing items to be washed, initiating a first water spraying action defined to spray on at least one first rack which is exposed firstly to the stream, and initiating a second water spraying action defined to spray water on at least one second rack, different from the first rack, wherein spraying water on the first rack begins prior to spraying water on the second rack.

Abstract: A substrate cutting apparatus including: a stage to support a substrate; a laser generator to emit a laser beam; a beam oscillator to oscillate the laser beam onto a cutting line of the substrate, to heat the substrate; and a cooling unit to cool the heated substrate.

Abstract: An illumination control module, which enables one diffraction optical element (DOE) to be applied to various photolithography processes, and a diffraction illumination system and a photolithography system including the same are provided. The illumination control module includes a convex-ring-shaped upper lens, and a concave-ring-shaped lower lens.

Abstract: A method and/or apparatus are provided for protecting control information during broadcasts in a system where primary and second mobile broadcast control messages (PMBCM and SMBCM) are utilized. In order to protect the SMBCM, a first hash information instance is computed based on hashes for each a plurality of control data blocks for the SMBCM. The first hash information instance is appended to the PMBCM. Error-correcting code words are generated for the plurality of hashes for the plurality of control data blocks for the SMBCM. These error-correcting code words are appended to the control data blocks of the SMBCM. A receiver uses the first hash instance information in the PMBCM to determine if any control data blocks of the SMBCM are corrupt. If so, the error-correcting code words may be used to reconstruct the corrupted hash(es) for the control data block(s) in order to authenticate the remaining control data blocks.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for address privacy protection for a first wireless device sharing a privacy key with a second wireless device. In the method, a first resolution tag is generated at the first wireless device using a pseudo-random function with the seed value and the privacy key as input arguments. The privacy key is only known to the first and second wireless devices. A privacy address is generated for the first wireless device based on the seed value and the first resolution tag. A packet is transmitted from the first wireless device to the second wireless device. The packet includes the privacy address and the first resolution tag.

Abstract: A substrate cutting method includes the steps of aligning a panel including two or more substrates, along a cutting line, forming groove lines in the respective substrates of the panel along the cutting line, by oscillating respective ultraviolet UV laser beams along the cutting line, and cutting the panel along the groove lines, by applying force to the panel.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a substrate of an analytical sensor and the substrate thus prepared are disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for simply and securely limiting a number of times that contents can be accessed using a hash chain. The apparatus limiting a number of times contents are accessed by a user terminal includes a hash chain generator receiving information indicating selected contents by the user terminal and information indicating how many times (n) the user terminal has authority to access the selected contents and generating a hash chain including n hash values derived from a seed value, and a contents access manager deleting the hash values one by one from the hash chain whenever the user terminal accesses the selected contents such that the number of times the contents can be accessed by the user terminal is decreased by the number of deleted hash values.

Abstract: An ordered energetic composite structure according to one embodiment includes an ordered array of metal fuel portions; and an oxidizer in gaps located between the metal fuel portions. An ordered energetic composite structure according to another embodiment includes at least one metal fuel portion having an ordered array of nanopores; and an oxidizer in the nanopores. A method for forming an ordered energetic composite structure according to one embodiment includes forming an ordered array of metal fuel portions; and depositing an oxidizer in gaps located between the metal fuel portions. A method for forming an ordered energetic composite structure according to another embodiment includes forming an ordered array of nanopores in at least one metal fuel portion; and depositing an oxidizer in the nanopores.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system and a method for providing a Visual ARS (VARS) service by using a call control function of a mobile communication terminal. In the system and the method, a user of a terminal can select an existing voice guidance service or an available visual guidance service when trying a call connection to a telephone number of an existing call center. When selecting a visual guidance service, an originator receives an ARS service on a screen of the terminal of the originator. Accordingly, the user can receive and use the VARS service according to the user's selection by using a mobile communication network, so that the user can handle a task requested on a screen of the terminal. Hence, it is possible to overcome the disadvantage of a limited voice guidance-centered ARS service that a call center currently provides in a stereotyped manner regardless of the generation development of terminals. Also, it is possible to provide various VARS services with the development of mobile communication terminals.

Abstract: A plasma display device is disclosed. The plasma display device includes a plasma display panel (PDP), a printed circuit board assembly (PBA), and a flexible printed circuit (FPC) electrically connecting electrodes of the PBA and the PDP. In some embodiments, the FPC is formed of two films with signal lines therebetween and electrodes on opposite sides.

Abstract: A method of providing third-generation (3G) communication services using Short Message Service (SMS) messages is disclosed. When there is a request for a communication call to a called terminal by a calling terminal, a service server constructs an SMS message including the called terminal's reception information and 3G content information, and transmits it to the calling terminal. The calling terminal displays the called terminal's reception information, and activates and displays supportable service items. When the voice communication is selected from the service items, the voice communication is performed with the called terminal. When the video communication is selected, the video communication is performed with the called terminal. When the 3G content is selected, the service server in which corresponding 3G content is located is accessed, packet data is transmitted and received, and voice communication is performed with the called terminal.

Abstract: A specific targeting peptide binding to glypican-3 can specifically binds to glypican-3 overexpressed in carcinoma cells and includes an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID No. 1 or some thereof. Glypican-3 is overexpressed in malignant tumors including hepatocellular carcinoma, melanoma, germ cell tumor, etc., and may be targeted in diagnosis and treatment of tumors by marking the targeting peptide. A diagnosis using the targeting peptide may detect even small tumors more accurately than conventional methods. A treatment method using the targeting peptide may remove only carcinoma cells without harming other normal tissues.

Abstract: There is provided a series of macrocyclic diaminopropanes of Formula (I) or a stereoisomer; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, m, n, W, X, Y, Z and L as defined herein, their pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use. These novel compounds inhibit the processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by ?-secretase and, more specifically, inhibit the production of A?-peptide. The present disclosure is directed to compounds useful in the treatment of neurological disorders related to ?-amyloid production, such as Alzheimer's disease and other conditions affected by anti-amyloid activity.

Abstract: A built-in antenna of a portable wireless terminal is provided. The antenna includes a first antenna radiator, a carrier, and at least one second antenna radiator. The first antenna radiator transmits/receives a signal. The first antenna radiator is attached to a carrier. The at least one second antenna radiator is detachable from the carrier and is electrically connected with the first antenna radiator when coupled to the carrier to update a resonance frequency in cooperation with the first antenna radiator.

Abstract: A common distribution device of a fuel cell of a vehicle is provided where a first module and a second module comprises an air supplying portion and an air discharging portion are disposed below in the stack, and a third module and a fourth module which comprises a hydrogen supplying portion and a hydrogen discharging portion are disposed above in a stack. The fluid can be uniformly discharged from the stack during acceleration, deceleration, and tilting of a vehicle.

Abstract: A metal oxide-carbon composite includes a carbon aerogel with an oxide overcoat. The metal oxide-carbon composite is made by providing a carbon aerogel, immersing the carbon aerogel in a metal oxide sol under a vacuum, raising the carbon aerogel with the metal oxide sol to atmospheric pressure, curing the carbon aerogel with the metal oxide sol at room temperature, and drying the carbon aerogel with the metal oxide sol to produce the metal oxide-carbon composite. The step of providing a carbon aerogel can provide an activated carbon aerogel or provide a carbon aerogel with carbon nanotubes that make the carbon aerogel mechanically robust.