Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of controlling the characteristics of a double relaxation oscillation SQUID having a reference junction. In the method of controlling characteristics of a reference junction-type double relaxation oscillation SQUID (RJ-DROS) having a signal SQUID and a reference junction, a reference DC current flows through the reference junction in order to control the characteristics of the DROS. A modulation width of an averaged relaxation voltage, which reacts to a magnetic flux, may be controlled at the reference junction. An amount (modulation depth) of an averaged relaxation voltage, which reacts to a magnetic flux, may be controlled at the reference junction. An amount of an operation application current may be controlled at the reference junction. Accordingly, the reference current of the reference junction can be changed by causing the current to flow through the reference junction.

Abstract: A processing tip including a first processing part, and a second processing part attached to an upper surface of the first processing part and having a front portion and a rear portion, the front portion having an apex and a first width and the rear portion having a second width, the first width being narrower than the second width.

Abstract: A next generation network system based on a time compression multiplex integrated service digital network technique (TCM ISDN) and a control method thereof. The system includes a synchronous clock generator for generating a transmit timing reference (TTR) reference clock to be used in a TCM ISDN and an xDSL, using a broadband clock provided through an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) network; and a TCM ISDN subscriber processor for temporarily storing TCM ISDN data received from a public switched telephone network (PSTN), arranging a frame of the TCM ISDN data, synchronizing the TCM ISDN data to the TTR reference clock provided from the synchronous clock generator, and transmitting the synchronized TCM ISDN data to a TCM ISDN subscriber while, synchronizing the TCM ISDN data received from a TCM ISDN terminal, to the TTR reference clock input from the synchronous clock generator, temporarily storing the synchronized TCM ISDN data, and transmitting the stored TCM ISDN data to the PSTN.

Abstract: A processing tip and a cutting tool employing the same, including a tip body of a mixture of metal and abrasive material, and at least one projection coupled to the tip body, the projection extending in a direction perpendicular to a direction of a plane of contact between the tip body and a shank.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for adjusting a slew rate of a data signal outputted by a signal from an external circuit in a semiconductor memory device and a method therefor. The apparatus includes: a slew rate control signal generation block for outputting a plurality of slew rate control signals through combining control codes inputted from the external circuit in response to a command signal; and a data buffer for adjusting a slew rate of a data signal inputted by using the slew rate control signals.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a code channel for outputting a plurality of code signals based on a code control signal inputted from an external source; a termination resistor decoder for decoding a chip selection signal, an on die termination (ODT) control signal and the plurality of code signals and outputting a plurality of selection signals based on decoded signals; and an ODT block for providing an output data pad with impedance of a termination resistor which is selected in response to the plurality of selection signals.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device for use in a system includes a reset signal generator for generating a reset entry signal and a reset exit signal respectively in response to a start timing and a termination timing of a reset operation of the system; and a reset controller for performing a precharge operation in response to the reset entry signal and a refresh operation in response to the reset exit signal.

Abstract: In a semiconductor device, an input buffer for buffering an input signal to provide an internal signal includes a reference voltage adjusting unit configured to receive a reference voltage and to output a first reference signal having a potential level higher than that of the reference voltage and a second reference signal having a potential level lower than that of the reference voltage, a multiplexing unit configured to selectively output one of the first and second reference signals as a newly selected reference signal in response to the internal signal, a differential amplification unit configured to amplify the input signal by comparing the input signal with the newly selected reference signal outputted to generate an amplified input signal, and an internal buffer configured to output the internal signal by buffering the amplified input signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel polypeptide participating in biotin biosynthesis of plant, a polynucleotide encoding the said polypeptide, a method for inducing plant growth inhibition by suppressing the expression or function of the said polypeptide, resulting in inhibition of biotin biosynthesis, and a method for identifying herbicidal compounds that inhibit the expression or function of the said polypeptide. Biotin biosynthesis is an essential process for the growth of plants, however, the process is not present in both human and animals. Therefore, the compounds suppressing the expression or function of the novel polypeptide that relates to biotin biosynthesis can be effectively used as a new herbicide doing human and animals no harm.

Abstract: A fast block mode determining method for motion estimation, and an apparatus thereof. A cost of motion estimation for an input image frame is predicted by Kalman filtering, and one block mode is selected from a plurality of block modes. A cost for the motion estimation of the input image frame is calculated. The predicted cost and the calculated cost are compared with each other, and the block mode for performing the motion estimation is determined. In an H.264 moving picture encoding device, the operation load is reduced and time wasted for calculation is shortened, because it is not necessary to perform the motion estimation for all the block modes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for the decomposition of exhausted perfluoro-compounds (PFCs) and a catalytic decomposition method of PFCs by using the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to a PFC decomposition catalyst prepared in such a manner that a surface of aluminum oxide is loaded with phosphorous (P) component at a aluminum/phosphorous mole ratio of 10 to 100 and a decomposition method of PFCs by using the catalyst. The present catalyst can be decomposed PFCs at 100% rate exhausted from semiconductor manufacturing industry and thus prevent the release of PFCs having high global warming potential into atmosphere.

Abstract: A driver monitor for a driver system. A driver monitor includes a driver monitoring unit for monitoring the fastening operation of the driver based on pre-determined fastening information. A rotation start signal and a rotation stop signal are used to determine whether the fastening operation is appropriately completed or not. An information signal is generated based on a result of monitoring. An operation processing unit outputs the result information signal from the driver monitoring unit to external peripheral apparatus and receives an operation information signal from the external peripheral apparatus in order to cooperate with the external peripheral apparatus. A display unit receives the information signal from the driver monitoring unit and displays the information signal.

Abstract: A process for a mono carbonylation of a benzenediol of the formula (I) is characterized in that a benzene diol of the formula (II) is reacted with an acid anhydride or carbonyl halide of the formula (III) without any organic or inorganic bases for thereby producing a monocarbonylated benzenediol of the formula (I): wherein R is hydrogen, C1-C15 alkyl group, cycle alkyl group, aryl group, alkoxy group, aryloxy group, dialkylamino group, alkylarylamino group or diarylamino group, and X is a general leaving group such as fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, acetoxy, etc.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of preparation of a drink composition containing powder of ginseng or red ginseng, and more particularly, it relates to a health drink containing powder of ginseng or red ginseng ultrafinely pulverized by a suitable pulverizer and its preparation. Therefore, it is possible to utilize all ingredients of ginseng or red ginseng contained in the drink, but a conventional ginseng drink contains extract of ginseng or red ginseng.

Abstract: The present invention provides a memory device for reducing power consumption during a self-refresh operation performed for protecting data loss. For this object, in the present intention, the memory device for performing a refresh operation in a self-refresh period instigated for every constant time interval after entering into a self-refresh mode includes a low-power controller outputting a enable signal for enabling the power supply means during the self-refresh period after being enabled in the self-refresh mode; and a power supply means receiving the enable signal for supplying a low and a high voltages used in an internal circuit by using an external supply voltage and a ground voltage, wherein the low voltage is lower than the ground voltage and the high voltage is higher than the external supply voltage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for continuous preparation of a hydrous zirconia sol dispersed by nanometer-sized spherical hydrous zirconia particles having an average diameter(dp) of 1˜250 nm, which method comprises supplying the aqueous solution of a zirconium salt at a concentration of 0.001-0.2 mole/l to a reactor consisting of one or more than two reaction tubes, and then irradiating microwave to the stream of the said aqueous solution in the reactor so that the said solution may be heated in a flow state. Contrary to the method employing a conventional batch-type reactor or semi-continuous stirred-type reactor, the method for continuous preparation of a hydrous zirconia sol according to the present invention can allow various operational parameters to be controlled in a certain range and thus contributes to remarkably improve the quality of a hydrous zirconia sol to be prepared or of the zirconia powder obtainable as a final product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for adjusting a slew rate of a data signal outputted by a signal from an external circuit in a semiconductor memory device and a method therefor. The apparatus includes: a slew rate control signal generation block for outputting a plurality of slew rate control signals through combining control codes inputted from the external circuit in response to a command signal; and a data buffer for adjusting a slew rate of a data signal inputted by using the slew rate control signals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method a method for continuous preparation of a well dispersed spherical hydrous zirconia particles with an average diameter(dp) of 1˜1,000 nm in the form of sol solution, which method comprises continuously supplying the aqueous solution of a zirconium salt at a concentration of 0.001˜0.5 mole/l to a reactor consisting of one or more than two reaction tubes at a temperature of less than 25° C., heating the said aqueous solution in the reactor(s) in a continuous flow state up to the boiling point, and then discharging the said solution through the outlet of the said reactor(s).

Abstract: A device for controlling a high voltage to prevent efficiency from dropping by using a detector which detects unstable state of a supply voltage supplied from external circuit and accelerates internal operation of a system in a case that the supply voltage is unstable. The device for controlling the high voltage includes an external voltage detector, a voltage level detector, a generator and a pump.

Abstract: In a semiconductor device, an input buffer for buffering an input signal to provide an internal signal includes a reference voltage adjusting unit configured to receive a reference voltage and to output a first reference signal having a potential level higher than that of the reference voltage and a second reference signal having a potential level lower than that of the reference voltage, a multiplexing unit configured to selectively output one of the first and second reference signals as a newly selected reference signal in response to the internal signal, a differential amplification unit configured to amplify the input signal by comparing the input signal with the newly selected reference signal outputted to generate an amplified input signal, and an internal buffer configured to output the internal signal by buffering the amplified input signal.