Abstract: A lamp arc observing apparatus includes a lens unit installed in the path of light emitted from a lamp, a camera for viewing the image of the electrodes of the lamp through the lens unit, and a light intensity controlling device installed between the lens unit and the camera for controlling the intensity of light incident on the camera so that the camera can capture the image of the electrodes of the lamp.

Abstract: The invention herein relates to a catalyst for enhancing the conversion of the dehydrogenation reaction of aromatic hydrocarbons such as ethylbenzene under a flow of carbon dioxide, which is expressed by the following formula I, wherein a catalyst in which an active component of iron oxides is highly dispersed onto a zeolite, activated charcoal, .gamma.-alumina or silica carrier. Further, the invention relates to a dehydrogenation method of aromatic hydrocarbons by means of using said catalyst:(Fe.sup.II.sub.x Fe.sup.III.sub.y O.sub.z)/S (I)wherein S denotes a zeolite, activated charcoal, .gamma.-alumina or silica carrier, and the initial state of iron oxide is as follows:x=0.

Abstract: The invention herein relates to a catalyst for enhancing the conversion of the dehydrogenation reaction of aromatic hydrocarbons such as ethylbenzene under a flow of carbon dioxide, which is expressed by the following formula I, wherein a catalyst in which an active component of iron oxides is highly dispersed onto a zeolite, activated charcoal, .gamma.-alumina or silica carrier. Further, the invention relates to a dehydrogenation method of aromatic hydrocarbons by means of using said catalyst:(Fe.sup.II.sub.x Fe.sup.III.sub.y O.sub.z)/S (I)wherein S denotes a zeolite, activated charcoal, .gamma.-alumina or silica carrier, and the initial state of iron oxide is as follows:x=0.

Abstract: An array of M.times.N thin film actuated mirrors for use in an optical projection system comprises an active matrix, an array of M.times.N thin film actuating structures, each of the thin film actuating structures being provided with a first and a second actuating parts, each of the first and second actuating parts including at least a thin film layer of a motion-inducing material, a pair of electrodes, each of the electrodes being provided on top and bottom of the motion-inducing thin film layer, an array of M.times.N supporting members, each of the supporting members being used for holding each of the actuating structures in place by cantilevering each of the actuating structures and also for electrically connecting each of the actuating structures and the active matrix, and an array of M.times.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sodium-intervened superconductor and its manufacturing method and more particularly, to the sodium-intervened superconductor expressed by the following Formula 1 and its manufacturing method, wherein the superconductor, prepared from a stoichiometric mixture of Y.sub.2 O.sub.3, NaCuO.sub.2, BaCuO.sub.2, Ln.sub.2 O.sub.3 (Ln: lanthanide ion) and CuO under the atmosphere of oxygen, has some advantages in that a) through the use of NaCuO.sub.2, a ternary oxide, as a reactant, the formation of impurities and sodium evaporation may be prevent, and b) through partial substitution of a divalent barium by a trivalent lanthanide group ion, the superconductor is stable in air with a higher critical current density and critical temperature.Formula 1(Na.sub.1-x Y.sub.x)(Ba.sub.1-y Ln.sub.y).sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.6+.delta.wherein, Ln is a trivalent lanthanide ion other than Ce and Pr; 0.1<x<0.9; and 0.1<y<0.3.

Abstract: A holographic screen of a rear projection type for use in a projector for transmitting projection light received from a rear end of the projector onto a viewing surface. The holographic screen includes a holographic sheet including a viewing surface for forming the received projection light into an image viewing, a plurality of diffusion protrusions disposed on the viewing surface in predetermined intervals along horizontal and vertical directions of the viewing surface for diffusing incident projection light, and a plurality of scattering protrusions formed over the entire viewing surface for scattering the received projection light, and a plurality of light absorbers formed between the plurality of protrusions, for absorbing ambient light incident to the viewing surface. Thus, an image with improved contrast is displayed on a viewing surface of the holographic screen.

Abstract: An array of M.times.N thin film actuated mirrors for use in an optical projection system comprises an active matrix, an array of M.times.N thin film actuating structures, and an array of M.times.N mirror layers for reflecting light beams, each of the mirror layers further including a first side, a second opposing side and a center portion located therebetween, wherein the first side and the second opposited side of each of the mirror layers are secured on top of the first and second actuating parts of each of the actuating structures, respectively, such that when the first and second actuating parts in each of the actuating structures deform in response to an electrical signal applied between the first and second electrodes, the center portion of the corresponding mirror layer tilts while remaining planar, thereby allowing all of the center portion to reflect the light beams, resulting in an increased optical efficiency.

Abstract: In an electronic part inserting apparatus with a checking function for a clinched state, a database for clinch-checking is generated by extracting information for clinch-checking having coordinates of holes of each part to be inserted and a size and a shape of a corresponding land to the part from BOM data and CAD data. One part is selected from the database for clinch-checking. X, Y coordinates and a size of a land of the holes of the part are extracted. A corresponding hole position on a printed circuit board to the X, Y coordinates extracted from the database is found. A line length of the clinched lead is compared with the size of the land. If the line length of the clinched lead is larger than the size of the land, the clinched state of the hole is judged to be bad, but if not larger, the clinched state of the hole is judged to be good. A judged result is displayed on a monitor.

Abstract: The invention herein relates to a direct manufacturing method of hydrogen peroxide over zeolite, wherein transition metals such as palladium or platinum, and organic compounds such as 2-alkyl anthraquinone or the like are encapsulated onto the zeolite channels, and then reducing agents such as hydrogen, ammonia or alcohol are used in the reaction temperature range of 10.about.90.degree. C. under atmospheric pressure. In general, alkyl anthiraquinone used in the conventional manufacturing, method of hydrogen peroxide can be easily hydrogenated in a relatively mild temperature condition in the range of room temperature to 100.degree. C. by means of a compound having hydrogen. However, the use of alkyl anthraquinone in the reaction is problematic due to the fact that it can only be utilized in a working solution with a solvent which can effectively dissolve alkyl anthraquinoe.

Abstract: An inventive method for manufacturing an array of M.times.N thin film actuated mirrors for use in an optical projection system includes the step of: providing a substrate; depositing a thin film sacrificial layer on top of the substrate; creating an array of M.times.N empty cavities on the thin film sacrificial layer; depositing an elastic layer; patterning the elastic layer into an array of M.times.N elastic members; forming an array of M.times.N switching device on the substrate; depositing a passivation layer and an etchant stopping layer; removing the etchant stopping layer and the passivation layer, selectively, such that elastic members are exposed; forming an array of M.times.N second thin film electrodes and an array of M.times.N thin film electrodisplacive members, successively, on top of each of elastic members; forming an array of M.times.N actuating structures; and removing the thin film sacrificial layer to thereby form the array of M.times.N thin film actuated mirrors.

Abstract: An inventive array of M.times.N thin film actuated mirrors includes an active matrix and an array of M.times.N actuating structures. Each of the actuating structures includes a first thin film electrode, a thin film electrodisplacive member, a second thin film electrode, an elastic member, a conduit and an insulating member. In the array, the insulating member is made of an insulating material, e.g., oxide or nitride, and is formed between top of the conduit and bottom of the first thin film electrode, thereby reducing the possibility of an electrical contact forming between the first and the second thin film electrodes.

Abstract: A buffer control circuit and method for a semiconductor memory device with a power saving function power saving function. The buffer control circuit includes an internal clock signal generator for generating an internal clock signal in response to an external clock signal, an internal chip select signal generator for generating an internal chip select signal in response to an external chip select signal, a buffer control signal generator for combining the internal clock signal from the internal clock signal generator and the internal chip select signal from the internal chip select signal generator to generate a buffer control signal, a command/address buffering circuit operative in response to the buffer control signal from the buffer control signal generator, for storing external input command and address, and a decoder for decoding commands from the command/address buffering circuit.

Abstract: A power line noise prevention circuit for a semiconductor memory device which can suppress noises on supply and ground voltage lines with no conventional degradation in operation speed when internal circuits consuming a large current amount are sequentially operated. When a plurality of data output buffers output high data at the same time, the power line noise prevention circuit applies a high voltage to the supply voltage line for the operation time to prevent a supply voltage from being reduced in level. To the contrary, when a plurality of data output buffers output low data at the same time, the power line noise prevention circuit applies a substrate voltage to the ground voltage line for the operation time to prevent a ground voltage from being increased in level.

Abstract: Thin film AMA has a substrate having electrical wiring and a connecting terminal, an actuator formed on the substrate, a supporting element formed between the substrate and the actuator for supporting the actuator, a reflecting member formed on the actuator, and a plurality of posts formed between the actuator and the reflecting member for supporting the reflecting member. The reflecting member is supported by a first post formed on the actuator and by a second post and a third post correspondingly formed on an actuator adjacent to the actuator. So, a deflection or tilting downward of the reflecting member can be prevented so that tilting angle of the reflecting members can be made uniform. Further, as the length of the reflecting member between the first post and the second post, or between the first post and the third post is shorter, the tilting angle of the reflecting member is bigger.

Abstract: A holographic screen of a rear projection type for use in a projector for transmitting projection light received from a rear end of the projector onto a viewing surface. The holographic screen includes a holographic sheet having an incident surface for receiving projection light, a viewing surface for forming the projection light received by the incident surface into a viewable image, a plurality of protrusions disposed in parallel with each other for scattering the received projection light; and a plurality of light absorbers which are formed between the plurality of the protrusions on the viewing surface, for absorbing ambient light incident to the viewing surface. Thus, an image whose contrast is improved is displayed on a viewing surface.

Abstract: An array of thin film actuated mirrors for use in an optical projection system is disclosed. The array includes: a substrate including an array of connecting terminals; an array of actuating structures, each of the actuating structures being provided with 4P+1 number of actuating parts and a light reflecting part, and further including a plurality of dividing slots, wherein odd numbered actuating parts deform in response to an electrical signal, and even numbered actuating parts tilt while remaining planar; and an array of pairs of supporting members, each of the supporting members in each pair being, respectively, located below the first and the (4P+1)th actuating parts in each of the actuating structures, thereby cantilevering the corresponding actuating structure in place. In the inventive array, the light reflecting part in each of the actuating structures, which is connected to the (2P+1)th actuating part, tilts at a larger angle, increasing the tilting efficiency of the array.

Abstract: A method for receiving a normal or an inverted paging signal in a radio pager, which includes the steps of detecting a preamble of a paging signal by reading a cap-code identifying an inherent address of the radio pager and synchronizing with a reference channel frequency; deciding a form of assumption of the paging signal to be received by confirming whether a local area is serviceable according to the detection of a sync code after a predetermined time period; and receiving the paging signal by inverting the same when the local area is not serviceable, and receiving the paging signal as is when the local area is serviceable.

Abstract: In a radio pager which includes: a memory having a memory area for sequentially storing calling messages, and a message table which includes a first area and a second area and stores addresses of the memory area where calling messages are stored; and an operation panel which has a calling message delete key and an erased calling message recovery key, and displays calling messages stored in a selected address when an address of the memory area stored in the first area of the message table is selected, a method and apparatus for recovering an erased calling message includes: moving an address of the memory area where a calling message to be erased is stored among the addresses stored in the first area of the message table into the second area, while maintaining the storage of the calling message to be erased in the memory area when the calling message delete key is pressed; arranging the remaining addresses stored in the first area except for the address moved into the second area; and moving a selected address

Abstract: An array of M.times.N thin film actuated mirrors for use in an optical projection system comprises an active matrix, an array of M.times.N thin film actuating structures, each of the thin film actuating structures being provided with a first and a second actuating parts, each of the first and second actuating parts including at least a thin film layer of a motion-inducing material, a pair of electrodes, each of the electrodes being provided on top and bottom of the motion-inducing thin film layer, an array of M.times.N supporting members, each of the supporting members being used for holding each of the actuating structures in place by cantilevering each of the actuating structures and also for electrically connecting each of the actuating structures and the active matrix, and an array of M.times.