Abstract: A method of processing a substrate by omitting a photolithographic process is disclosed. The method includes forming at least one layer on a stepped structure having an upper surface, a lower surface, and a side surface that connects the upper surface to the lower surface, selectively densifying portions of the at least one layer respectively on the upper surface and the lower surface via asymmetric plasma application, and performing an isotropic etching process on the at least one layer. During the isotropic etching process, the portion of the at least one layer formed on the upper surface is separated from the portion of the at least one layer formed on the lower surface.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a battery load drive system, and more particularly, to a battery load drive system for preparing for a surge current generated by a capacitor when a battery is coupled to a battery using a path for reducing current additionally provided in an existing path.

Abstract: A multilayer electronic component includes a body, first and second external electrodes, and first and second side parts. The body includes a multilayer structure in which first and second internal electrode patterns are alternately stacked and contains a dielectric material. The first and second side parts are disposed on outer surfaces of the body to face each other. The first and second external electrodes are disposed on outer surfaces of the body to face each other. The first internal electrode patterns are exposed to a third surface and a fifth surface of the body on which the first external electrode and the first side part are disposed, respectively. Additionally, the second internal electrode patterns are exposed to a fourth surface and a sixth surface of the body on which the second external electrode and the second side part are disposed, respectively.

Abstract: A multilayer electronic component and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The multilayer electronic component includes a body including a multilayer structure in which first internal electrode patterns and second internal electrode patterns different from the first internal electrode patterns are alternately stacked and containing a dielectric material. First and second side parts are disposed on respective outer surfaces of a first pair of opposing outer surfaces of the body. First and second external electrodes are disposed on respective outer surfaces of a second pair of opposing outer surfaces of the body, and the first and second external electrodes are electrically connected to the first and second internal electrode patterns, respectively. The first internal electrode patterns are exposed to the outer surfaces of the first pair of outer surfaces of the body on which the first and second side parts are disposed.

Abstract: A wheel for vehicles may include a rim coupled to a tire, and a spoke-shaped disc including a spoke and a vent hole, the spoke-shaped disc being coupled to a side surface of the rim to support the rim, in which a coupling zone between the spoke of the spoke-shaped disc and the rim and a coupling zone between a portion of the spoke-shaped disc formed with the vent hole and the rim have a height difference in a wheel axis direction, to allow the spoke-shaped disc to support the rim at an interior and an exterior of the rim.

Abstract: A precharge control device includes a pulse generator, a bank address controller, and a precharge signal generator. The pulse generator generates a write precharge signal in response to a write burst end signal activated after a write burst operation and a read precharge signal in response to a read burst end signal activated after a read burst operation. The bank address controller generates a write address and a read address designating an address for the precharge operation in response to a write bank address and a read bank address. The precharge signal generator generates a precharge signal for performing the precharge operation in a bank selected in response to the write address when the write precharge signal is activated, or generates a precharge signal for performing the precharge operation in a bank selected in response to the read address when the read precharge signal is activated.

Abstract: An ultrasonic inspection technique may be used to inspect quality of a bond between thermal protection system (TPS) material and a composite. The technique may include a highly damped transducer emitting an incident wave, which may traverse through thermal protection system (TPS) material and to a back wall of a composite. The incident wave may be of a low frequency signal, and may return a bondline echo and a backwall echo. The bondline echo is returned when the incident wave reaches a bondline and the backwall echo is returned when the incident wave reaches the backwall of the composite. The bondline echo and the backwall echo may be used to generate a waveform to assess the bond quality, revealing possible unbonds or kissing unbonds.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a liquid filtration structure with one or more macromolecule membrane structures including membrane proteins selectively permeable to water molecules and fixed within a pore. A liquid filtration structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure increases stability and durability of macromolecule membrane structures including membrane proteins selectively permeable to water molecules, and, thus, can be effectively used in a filtration device for purifying water.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus includes a memory that stores a specified criterion for classifying a type of a touch region according to an assigned function, and a processor that classifies at least one touch region as belonging to a palm region for assigning a first function or to a pen region for assigning a second function based on the specified criterion if a touch to a touch panel is detected, issues an individual identifier (ID) for the pen region, and issues a group ID after performing grouping for the palm region.

Abstract: A precharge control device includes a pulse generator, a bank address controller, and a precharge signal generator. The pulse generator generates a write precharge signal in response to a write burst end signal activated after a write burst operation and a read precharge signal in response to a read burst end signal activated after a read burst operation. The bank address controller generates a write address and a read address designating an address for the precharge operation in response to a write bank address and a read bank address. The precharge signal generator generates a precharge signal for performing the precharge operation in a bank selected in response to the write address when the write precharge signal is activated, or generates a precharge signal for performing the precharge operation in a bank selected in response to the read address when the read precharge signal is activated.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved method of indirect positioning of orthodontic brackets wherein a positive tooth model is utilized which comprises a model tooth, a mock bracket and a place holder for the mock bracket. The positive tooth model can be used for making a transfer tray for accommodating and transferring a bracket onto a tooth of a patient, wherein said transfer tray comprises a form-fitting cavity for the distal portion of the bracket. Further provided are transfer trays and positive tooth models for use in said method.

Abstract: Disclosed are a semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof. According to the semiconductor device and the manufacturing method thereof according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention, after the dopant source layer is uniformly deposited on a channel layer of the device with the 3-dimensional vertical structure by the plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) method, the deposited dopant source layer is heat-treated so that the dopants are diffused into the channel layer to function as charge carriers, thereby preventing the charges in the channel layer from being reduced. According to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the diffusion speed and concentration of the dopant may be controlled by forming the barrier layer between the channel layer and the dopant source layer.

Abstract: The present invention has been made in an effort to more assuredly substitute oxygen in a vial. A gas substitution apparatus according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes: a first gas substitution unit which seals a periphery of an opening of a vial disposed in a gas substitution section, and guides a flow of a first substitution gas to be supplied into the vial; and a second gas substitution unit which is coupled to an upper side of the first gas substitution unit, and guides a flow of a second substitution gas to be supplied directly into the vial.

Abstract: Disclosed are a dental wire supporter, which supports an orthodontic wire and limits the movement of the orthodontic wire in a predetermined direction, and an orthodontic device (orthodontic system) having the same. The dental wire supporter includes a limiter having a wire hole into which an orthodontic wire is inserted, and a support base provided at the limiter in order to fix the limiter to a tooth. One side of the wire hole is blocked and an opposite side of the wire hole is open so that the limiter supports the end of the orthodontic wire in a longitudinal direction of the orthodontic wire.

Abstract: Disclosed are a semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof. According to the semiconductor device and the manufacturing method thereof according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention, after the dopant source layer is uniformly deposited on a channel layer of the device with the 3-demensional vertical structure by the plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) method, the deposited dopant source layer is heat-treated so that the dopants are diffused into the channel layer to function as charge carriers, thereby preventing the charges in the channel layer from being reduced. According to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the diffusion speed and concentration of the dopant may be controlled by forming the barrier layer between the channel layer and the dopant source layer.

Abstract: A method of arrangement of centralized network motion controller employing centralised topology having a plurality of remote units as system architecture comprising the steps of: (i) providing, using synchronised messages, all system and axes data to a centralized processing unit, wherein the data is updated down to a control sampling rate and all the data items are available from each remote unit, (ii) the centralized processing unit performing system behaviour control and multi axes profiling and motion control such as position, velocity and current, (iii) synchronized messages from the centralized processing unit are used to set the timing and to keep continuous synchronization of all units and to transfer the desired low level commands to the remote unit.

Abstract: Disclosed are a semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof. According to the semiconductor device and the manufacturing method thereof according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention, after the dopant source layer is uniformly deposited on a channel layer of the device with the 3-demensional vertical structure by the plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) method, the deposited dopant source layer is heat-treated so that the dopants are diffused into the channel layer to function as charge carriers, thereby preventing the charges in the channel layer from being reduced. According to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the diffusion speed and concentration of the dopant may be controlled by forming the barrier layer between the channel layer and the dopant source layer.

Abstract: Disclosed are an image processing apparatus and method that more efficiently process image data. The image processing apparatus includes a vector data manager that receives at least some of all image data and converts the received image data into vector data, a vector processor that receives the vector data from the vector data manager, performs a vector processing operation by using the vector data, and generates output vector data as a result of the vector processing operation, and a synchronizer that controls a timing of when the vector data manager transmits the vector data to the vector processor.

Abstract: A preparation method for a magnetic composite for treating and diagnosing cancer. The method may include a step of pyrolyzing a precursor of a magnetic nanoparticle in the presence of a conjugated polymer. The preparation method for a magnetic composite can produce a magnetic composite economically and efficiently because a magnetic composite comprising a magnetic nanoparticle coated with a conjugated polymer can be prepared by a single process.

Abstract: A semiconductor light-emitting device package includes: a light-emitting structure having a first surface, a second surface opposite to the first surface and side surfaces disposed between the first and the second surfaces, the light-emitting structure comprising a first light-emitting laminate and a second light-emitting laminate, each of the first and the second light emitting laminates including: a first conductivity-type semiconductor layer; an active layer, and a second conductivity-type semiconductor layer, an interconnector provided on the second surface of the light-emitting structure and configured to electrically connect the first and the second light-emitting laminates; a metal guide surrounding the side surfaces of the light-emitting structure; and an encapsulant surrounding the metal guide and the second and the side surfaces of the light-emitting structure and exposing the first surface of the light-emitting structure.