Abstract: This invention is directed to a method for preventing or treating bipolar disorder comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of an enantiomer of Formula (I) or enantiomeric mixture wherein one enantiomer of Formula (I) predominates: wherein phenyl is substituted at X with one to five halogen atoms selected from the group consisting of fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine; and, R1, R2, R3 and R4 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C1–C4 alkyl; wherein C1–C4 alkyl is optionally substituted with phenyl (wherein phenyl is optionally substituted with substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, C1–C4 alkyl, C1–C4 alkoxy, amino, nitro and cyano).

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for indicating a time point for replacement of a recording medium such as a digital video disc, a compact disc, a blue-ray disc or a video tape, where a reproduction end point of moving image data of a currently-reproduced unit of the recording medium (from among a plurality of units of the recording medium) is detected when reproducing moving image data stored on the plurality of units of the recording medium. A user is forewarned of a time point at which the user must replace the current unit of the recording medium with the next unit of the recording medium.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a double printed circuit board with a solderless connecting structure, which electrically connects an upper board and a lower board of the double printed circuit board without soldering. The double printed circuit board comprises upper and lower boards, each having a hole with a conductive layer formed on an inner surface thereof. A pin is press-fitted through the holes of the upper and lower boards, and has upper and lower compliant portions formed at upper and lower portions of a pin body to electrically connect the upper board and the lower board, respectively. Since the pin comprises the upper and lower compliant portions, the pin can maintain stable connection between circuits of the upper and lower boards while being firmly coupled to the printed circuit boards, and minimize environmental contamination due to lead.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel 1,2- or 1,3-diamine and amide compounds and pharmaceutically useful salts thereof and methods for treating central nervous system diseases. The present 1,2- or 1,3-diamine and amide compounds have high binding affinity to the sigma receptor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a non-natural ceramide compound effective for a sphingosine kinase activator, and thus useful for a skin disease treating agent. The sphingosine kinase activator enhances production of sphingosine-1-phosphate to show various physiological activities provided by sphingosine-1-phosphate. The physiological activities include the effects of: controlling multiplication and differentiation of keratinocytes, multiplication of fibroblasts and collagen synthesis, resulting in treatment of wounds, recovery of damaged skin functions in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis; inhibiting wrinkles and skin irritation caused by ultraviolet rays, followed by improvement of wrinkles and inhibition of skin aging; and reducing skin atrophy, which is a typical side effect of local application steroids.

Abstract: A system for measuring dimension of photomasks comprises a light source emitting measuring light having a wavelength, a transmission detector for receiving the measuring light, a stage on which a photomask having circuit patterns is placed, the stage being disposed between the light source and the transmission detector, and a controller having a dimension-deciding algorithm to determine a dimension of the circuit patterns from a spectroscopic characteristic of the received measuring light, the controller being connected to the transmission detector.

Abstract: A photo-mask has a main mask pattern in a main region, a density correcting pattern in a peripheral region, and an exposure blocking pattern interposed between the main mask pattern and density correcting pattern. The exposure blocking pattern is configured to prevent the density correcting pattern from being transcribed to a wafer. The photo-mask is made by providing mask substrate on which a mask layer and a photoresist layer are disposed, providing design data that specifies at least the main mask pattern, and using the design data to derive exposure data that controls the exposure of the photoresist layer. The exposure data includes information that specifies the exposure blocking pattern, the portion of the peripheral region to be occupied by the density correcting pattern, and the pattern density of that portion of the peripheral region to be occupied by the density correcting pattern.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for receiving a signal in a MIMO communication system are provided. In the signal receiving method, a first received signal received at each of the receive antennas is equalized in a predetermined first method. Each of the equalized transmit antenna signals is despread with a plurality of spreading codes used in a transmitter. The strongest transmit antenna signal is detected among the despread transmit antenna signals, and decoded in a predetermined second method, for error verification. The verified strongest transmit antenna signal is reproduced as an interference signal. A second received signal is generated by subtracting the interference signal from the first received signal and equalized in the first method. The above operation is repeated on the equalized transmit antenna signals except the strongest transmit antenna signal.

Abstract: An OCD measurement equipment, including a tunable laser system, and a method of measuring the CD of patterns formed on a substrate. A light source optical system emits light which wavelength changes over time. A projector optical system projects the light emitted from the light source optical system on the substrate. A substrate support unit supports the substrate. An image relay optical system relays light reflected by the substrate. An image detection optical system detects the light relayed by the image relay optical system using a detector which detects the spatial distribution of the light.

Abstract: A method of transmitting/receiving channel quality information (CQI) of subcarriers in an OFDM system where data is transmitted on the subcarriers via one or more transmit antennas. The subcarriers are grouped into subcarrier groups each having at least one subcarrier and further grouped into subgroups each having one or more subgroups. A user equipment generates CQIs for one or more allocated subcarrier groups and the transmit antennas or CQIs for the allocated subcarrier groups, the subgroups of the subcarrier groups, and the transmit antennas. The group CQIs and the subgroup CQIs are transmitted to a Node B in one or more physical channel frames.

Abstract: A process for preparing O-carbamoyl aminoalcohols represented by Formula I wherein: n is an integer from 0 and 5; R1, R2, R3 and R4 are individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl and arylalkyl the aryl portion of which may be unsubstituted or substituted; R5 and R6 are individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl or arylalkyl the aryl portion of which may be unsubstituted or substituted; or R1 and R5 together with the carbon and nitrogen to which they are attached may form an unfused or fused heterocyclic ring having from 4 to 10 members, comprising reacting an aminoalcohol represented by Formula II wherein n, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are as defined; with a cyanate and an excess of an acid in an organic solvent medium.

Abstract: Carbamate compounds of 2-heteroaryl-1,2-ethanediol are described. The compounds are effective in the treatment of disorders of the central nervous system, especially as anti-convulsive or anti-epileptic agents.

Abstract: Carbamate compounds of 2-heteroaryl-1,2-ethanediol are described. The compounds are effective in the treatment of disorders of the central nervous system, especially as anti-convulsive or anti-epileptic agents.

Abstract: Diazepam is administered intranasally in the form of specific microemulsions having advantageous properties. The microemulsions are comprised of about equal quantities of a fatty acid and water with the remainder being a hydrophilic surfactant, a polar solvent and an alcohol in a weight ratio such that alcohol is present in a greater quantity by weight than either of the other two. Nasal administration of the subject microemulsions produces a high plasma concentration of diazepam nearly as fast as intravenous administration. The present microemulsions are particularly suitable for a prompt and timely treatment of patients in the acute and/or emergency treatment of status epilepticus and other fever-induced seizures.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for controlling a PACA call in a mobile telecommunications system, which comprises: sending a new origination message from a mobile station in a PACA state to a base station; sending a service request message for a PACA call from the base station to a mobile switching center, requesting from the mobile switching center the base station to assign a traffic channel to the mobile station; assigning an available traffic channel to the mobile station to start a communication; and distinguishing the PACA call service from an ordinary call service.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for controlling a PACA call in a mobile telecommunications system, which comprises: sending a new origination message from a mobile station in a PACA state to a base station; sending a service request message for a PACA call from the base station to a mobile switching center, requesting from the mobile switching center the base station to assign a traffic channel to the mobile station; assigning an available traffic channel to the mobile station to start a communication; and distinguishing the PACA call service from an ordinary call service.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for controlling a PACA call in a mobile telecommunications system, which comprises: sending a new origination message from a mobile station in a PACA state to a base station; sending a service request message for a PACA call from the base station to a mobile switching center, requesting from the mobile switching center the base station to assign a traffic channel to the mobile station; assigning an available traffic channel to the mobile station to start a communication; and distinguishing the PACA call service from an ordinary call service.

Abstract: A method of controlling an ETT (Extended Text Table) information display on an EPG (Electronic Program Guide) screen for a digital TV to enable viewers to conveniently confirm existence of the ETT information included in an EPG information. The present invention detects an ETT packet by confirming packet identifiers (PIDs) of all packets received from a set top box, and displays existence of the ETT information only for an EPG program where the ETT packet is detected. Therefore, the viewers can easily confirm whether the ETT information exists by seeing the EPG screen only.

Abstract: Provided herein are racemic or enantiomerically enriched benzoyl piperidine compounds and pharmaceutically useful salts thereof, pharmaceutical compositions comprising an effective amount of racemic or enantiomerically enriched benzoyl piperidine compounds to treat central nervous system diseases and methods of treating central nervous system diseases in a mammal, in particular psychoses and cognition disorders.

Abstract: A method for restricting a reverse call in a base station is disclosed. The method comprising the steps of: calculating the noise power of the base station; measuring the total receiving power of the base station; calculating a cell loading factor of the base station using a ratio of the noise power to the total receiving power; comparing the calculated cell loading factor of the base station with a threshold predetermined for call restriction, and restricting a call incoming to the base station according to the comparison result.