Abstract: An apparatus for converting voice packets transmitted/received through a network includes a first transcoder for performing at least one of bit-unpacking and unquantization on an encoded packet at a first encoder, namely transmitting party, to obtain an LSP (Line Spectrum Pair) parameter of the first encoder, and converting and unquantizing the LSP parameter to an LSP parameter of a second encoder, namely receiving party, to do bit-packing. A second transcoder performs at least one of bit-unpacking and unquantization on an encoded packet at the second encoder, namely transmitting party, to obtain an LSP parameter of the second encoder, and converts and unquantizes the LSP parameter to an LSP parameter of the first encoder, namely receiving party, to do bit-packing.

Abstract: A packet converting apparatus and method is disclosed, in which audio packet data of various types used in cable/radio networks can effectively be converted. The packet converting apparatus includes a bit unpacking unit for bit unpacking first type packet data, a parameter inverse quantization unit for inverse quantizing the unpacked data to obtain a main parameter of the first type packet data, a parameter converter for converting the obtained main parameter to a parameter of second type packet data through inter-frame interpolation, a quantization unit for quantizing the second type parameter converted by the parameter converter, and a bit packing unit for bit packing the quantized data to reassemble the bit packed data to second type packet data and output the second type packet data to a destination.

Abstract: A triode field emission device using a field emission material and a driving method thereof are provided. In this device, gate electrodes serving to take electrons out of a field emission material on cathodes are installed on a substrate below the cathodes, so that the manufacture of the device is easy. Also, electrons emitted from the field emission material are controlled by controlling gate voltage.

Abstract: A voiced/unvoiced information estimation system uses input spectrum and synthetic spectrum to produce a voicing level spectrum. The estimation system uses a spectrum difference calculation unit to normalize a spectrum difference energy for each harmonic band in unit of harmonic band, and further uses a voicing level calculation unit to calculate a voicing level. The voicing level of each harmonic band has a continuous value between 1 and 0. The estimation system is effective in vector quantization of voiced/unvoiced information at a low bit rate. Because it is unnecessary to calculate a threshold for deciding a voiced/unvoiced information, a decision anomaly occurring due to threshold is eliminated, and the accuracy of a voicing level is improved. Furthermore, since a spectrum is represented by mixing a voiced element and a unvoiced element in a harmonic band, the estimation system improves the audio quality of a combined sound.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a triode field emitter array using carbon nanotubes having excellent electron emission characteristics is provided. In the method for fabricating a triode-structure carbon nanotube field emitter array, a catalyst layer is formed on a cathode electrode without forming a base layer, and carbon nanotubes are grown on the catalyst layer using a Spind't process. In this method, a non-reactive layer is formed on a catalyst layer outside the micro-cavity such that the carbon nanotubes can be grown only on the catalyst within the micro-cavity. Accordingly, even through a separation layer is etched and removed, since carbon nanotubes do not exist outside the micro-cavity, it does not happen that carbon nanotubes are drifted into the micro-cavities. Therefore, the fabrication yield is increased, and the fabrication cost is decreased.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a triode field emitter array using carbon nanotubes having excellent electron emission characteristics is provided. In the method for fabricating a triode-structure carbon nanotube field emitter array, a catalyst layer is formed on a cathode electrode without forming a base layer, and carbon nanotubes are grown on the catalyst layer using a Spind't process. In this method, a non-reactive layer is formed on a catalyst layer outside the micro-cavity such that the carbon nanotubes can be grown only on the catalyst within the micro-cavity. Accordingly, even though a separation layer is etched and removed, since carbon nanotubes do not exist outside the micro-cavity, it does not happen that carbon nanotubes are drifted into the micro-cavities. Therefore, the fabrication yield is increased, and the fabrication cost is decreased.

Abstract: A triode field emission device using a field emission material and a driving method thereof are provided. In this device, gate electrodes serving to take electrons out of a field emission material on cathodes are installed on a substrate below the cathodes, so that the manufacture of the device is easy. Also, electrons emitted from the field emission material are controlled by controlling gate voltage.