Abstract: Disclosed is a polymer electrolyte fuel cell including improved separators that cause no mixing of a fuel gas and an oxidant gas. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell comprises a plurality of membrane electrode assemblies and a plurality of conductive separators, wherein the plurality of conductive separators comprise at least one separator comprising: a fuel gas inlet-side manifold aperture; a fuel gas outlet-side manifold aperture; a gas flow channel for fuel gas formed on an anode-side of the separator; an inlet-side through hole and an outlet-side through hole penetrating the separator which are formed at an inlet-side end and an outlet-side end of the gas flow channel for fuel gas; and an inlet-side connection groove and an outlet-side connection groove for connecting the inlet-side and outlet-side through holes with the fuel gas inlet-side manifold aperture and the fuel gas outlet-side manifold aperture, respectively, which are formed on a cathode-side of the separator.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fuel cell cogeneration system which can stably supply hot water at high temperature shortly after the system starts to operate.

Abstract: A system for warming a fluid includes a fluid warmer having a housing that retains therein a heating element, and cartridge that is retained inside the housing and which receives heat from the heating element. The cartridge has a rigid plate having a first surface and a second opposing surface, with the plate having a meandering path provided therein. The cartridge also has a sheet of film that covers the first and second surfaces.

Abstract: Flash light is repeatedly emitted in a pulse state by intermittently turning on and off an IGBT. The flash light reflected by a subject is received by a phototransistor to integrate a received light amount with a capacitor. While the IGBT is turned off, a charging voltage of the capacitor is converted to digital data. Based on the obtained data, it is judged whether emitting the flash light is stopped or not.

Abstract: A shift control system for a continuously variable transmission, in which a road load on a vehicle is detected, the lower limit speed is set according to the detected road load, in which a target input speed, as set according to the running state of a vehicle, is restricted with the set lower limit speed, and in which the gear ratio of the continuously variable transmission is controlled so that the actual input speed may be equal to the target input speed restricted. The target input speed is restricted after the actual input speed is more than the lower limit value, when the road load is light, and said target input speed is restricted irrespective of the actual input speed when the road load is heavy.

Abstract: In forming an interconnection having a structure in which an Al interconnection is covered with an interlayer insulating film, for the purpose of preventing voids to be created in the Al interconnection layer, together with suppressing the current leakage owing to the generation of etching residues, a multi-layered structure comprising a barrier layer, an Al interconnection metal layer, a Ti layer and an anti-reflection layer is formed on a semiconductor substrate having an insulating surface, and thereafter layers of said multi-layered structure are patterned, at least, down to the Ti layer into the shape of an interconnection pattern, and said patterned structure is heated so as to turn the Ti layer into an AlTi alloy layer and, then, the steps of growing an interlayer insulating film to bury said patterned interconnection, planarizing the interlayer insulating film and carrying out another heat treatment to degas the interlayer insulating film are performed.

Abstract: A reusable heating device comprises a casing to be disposed vertically, the casing including a circuit element receiving chamber and a heater receiving chamber having a front opening, a lid for at least covering the front opening of the heater receiving chamber, a heater situated in the heater receiving chamber, and electric circuit means situated in the circuit element receiving chamber. The heater includes a heater segment coextensive with and disposed in the front opening and an electric heating element attached to a backside and the cover unit of the heater segment. The heater segments have U-shaped channels on a front side thereof to receive therein a Disposable Cellular Pouch through which an instillation liquid to be heated flows.

Abstract: A vehicle drive apparatus has a pump that supplies operating fluid for performing speed shift control of a power transfer apparatus, and a driving motor that drives the pump. If it is determined that the power transfer apparatus is in a neutral state (N range), it is then determined whether the vehicle is running. If the vehicle is running, it is determined whether the operation speed of the driving motor has reached a speed that allows the pump to produce a predetermined fluid pressure. If that speed has not been reached, the motor operation speed is controlled to the speed that allows the pump to produce the predetermined fluid pressure. The vehicle drive apparatus secures a pressure and a flow of fluid when the power transfer apparatus is operated to the neutral state during the running of the vehicle.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling a continuously variable transmission of a motor vehicle includes a controller that controls the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission in accordance with a predetermined shift condition. The method and apparatus perform shift control in a specific manner during an operation of an anti-lock brake system, for example, by smoothing at least one of the rotational speed of the input shaft and the rotational speed of the output shaft, reducing a rate of change in the speed ratio during downshifting, restricting upshifting of the CVT, increasing an amount of hydraulic oil delivered from an oil pump, and/or increasing belt clamping force.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method control a continuously variable transmission of a motor vehicle which includes a power transmitting member for power transmission by use of friction. A controller of the apparatus detects slippage of the power transmitting member in a predetermined period of running of the vehicle, and increases a clamping pressure that is applied to the power transmitting member when slippage of the power transmitting member is detected. The controller also stores a state of increase of the clamping pressure in a memory, and increases the clamping pressure applied to the power transmitting member in accordance with a previous state of increase of the clamping pressure that was stored in the memory in a previous period of operation of the vehicle.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method control a belt-type continuously variable transmission of a vehicle having a continuously variable speed ratio, which is a ratio of a rotation speed of an input shaft to a rotation speed of an output shaft. The speed ratio of the transmission is controlled by changing a groove width of each of the pulleys, and a belt clamping pressure applied to at least one of the pulleys to clamp the torque transfer belt also is controlled. Furthermore, the speed ratio of the transmission is set to a low-load speed ratio when it is determined that control of the belt clamping pressure has failed and the belt clamping pressure is raised to a high level. The low-load speed ratio is predetermined so that a load applied to the torque transfer belt is substantially minimized.

Abstract: When the temperature of operating fluid of an actuator is low, a target input rotation speed lower limit value NinL is set. The lower limit value NinL is greater than a lower limit value set for a normal temperature of operating fluid. A target input rotation speed Nint is calculated from the state of running of a vehicle, such as the amount of operation of an accelerator, the vehicle speed, etc. If the target input rotation speed is lower than the lower limit value NinL, the target input rotation speed is reset to the lower limit value NinL. As a result of a control that includes the above-described steps, the speed ratio &ggr; becomes relatively high before the vehicle stops. Therefore, even if the speed ratio-changing rate is low, the speed ratio &ggr; can be brought to or near a maximum value &ggr;max before the vehicle stops. Thus, reductions in the speed ratio-changing rate caused by low temperature of the operating fluid of the actuator can be curbed.

Abstract: A shift control system for a continuously variable transmission, in which a road load on a vehicle is detected, the lower limit speed is set according to the detected road load, in which a target input speed, as set according to the running state of a vehicle, is restricted with the set lower limit speed, and in which the gear ratio of the continuously variable transmission is controlled so that the actual input speed may be equal to the target input speed restricted. The target input speed is restricted after the actual input speed is more than the lower limit value, when the road load is light, and said target input speed is restricted irrespective of the actual input speed when the road load is heavy.

Abstract: A speed change control system for a continuously variable transmission, for controlling a gear ratio by deciding an abrupt acceleration demand of a driver, to effect an abrupt speed change when it is decided that the driver demands an abrupt acceleration. The speed change control system comprises: a drive state decider for deciding that the vehicle has changed from a driven state to a drive state, when said abrupt acceleration is demanded at the driven state; and a speed change controller for controlling said continuously variable transmission to effect said abrupt speed change, after said drive state decider decides that the vehicle has changed from the driven state to the drive state.

Abstract: A lubricating coating compound used for forming a thermosetting synthetic resin lubricating film, wherein a resin composition composed of an epoxy resin, a curing agent, a reactive silicone oil with an epoxy group, and a triazinethiol is dissolved in an organic solvent, wherein if the sum of the epoxy resin and the curing agent is set to 100 parts by weight, the sum of the reactive silicone oil with an epoxy group and the triazinethiol is 2 to 30 parts by weight.

Abstract: In forming an interconnection having a structure in which an Al interconnection is covered with an interlayer insulating film, for the purpose of preventing voids to be created in the Al interconnection layer, together with suppressing the current leakage owing to the generation of etching residues, a multi-layered structure comprising a barrier layer 4, an Al interconnection metal layer 5, a Ti layer 2 and an anti-reflection layer 6 is formed on a semiconductor substrate having an insulating surface, and thereafter layers of said multi-layered structure are patterned, at least, down to the Ti layer 2 into the shape of an interconnection pattern, and said patterned structure is heated so as to turn the Ti layer 2 into an AlTi alloy layer and, then, the steps of growing an interlayer insulating film to bury said patterned interconnection, planarizing the interlayer insulating film and carrying out another heat treatment to degas the interlayer insulating film are performed.

Abstract: A lubricating coating compound used for forming a thermosetting synthetic resin lubricating film, wherein a resin composition composed of an epoxy resin, a curing agent, a reactive silicone oil with an epoxy group, and a triazinethiol is dissolved in an organic solvent, wherein if the sum of the epoxy resin and the curing agent is set to 100 parts by weight, the sum of the reactive silicone oil with an epoxy group and the triazinethiol is 2 to 30 parts by weight.

Abstract: A front end module structure of a vehicle comprises a front end panel mounted on front side members of the vehicle, the front end panel including a metal-made upper reinforcement extending in the widthwise direction of the vehicle and having a horizontally thrown U-shaped, or closed, sectional configuration and a resin-made main body formed integrally with the upper reinforcement and so formed on the upper reinforcement that a part thereof may intrude into the sectional configuration thereof, the resin-made main body having formed therein at least a retaining portion, by which a radiator is retained, and an upper reinforcement portion fixed to front fender reinforcements of the vehicle. As a result of this, there is enhanced the rigidity of the upper reinforcement portion of the front end panel.

Abstract: A method of in-mold coating, comprising steps of forming a molded product by applying a clamping pressure to a mold to mold a synthetic resin molding material in the mold according to an injection molding method, an injection compression molding method or an injection press molding method, then coating a surface of the molded product with a coating material in the mold, wherein the coating material is injected in such a state that the molded product has cured or solidified to such an extent that the surface of the molded product can withstand an injection pressure and a flow pressure of the coating material, and the clamping of the mold after injection of the coating material is carried out under certain multistagewise variable clamping pressures with certain clamping pressure transitional periods of time.

Abstract: Disclosed is a manufacturing method of a semiconductor device which comprises which comprises an element isolation region formation step; a side wall formation step; a diffusion layer formation step; an activation step; a silicide formation step; and a removing step. The element isolation region formation step is the one for forming a field oxide film on a semiconductor substrate to form an element isolation region. In order to form a diffusion layer by introducing impurities into the semiconductor substrate, after injecting the fluorides (ion injection species) of elements into the semiconductor substrate, a thermal treatment is performed at a lower temperature than that of a thermal treatment for activating the diffusion layer prior to the activation of the diffusion layer, and fluorine produced from the ion injection species is discharged to the outside.