Abstract: The two-dimensional photonic crystal surface emitting laser according to the present invention includes a number of main modified refractive index areas periodically provided in a two-dimensional photonic crystal and secondary structures each relatively located in a similar manner to each of the main modified refractive index areas. The location of the secondary structure is determined so that a main reflected light which is reflected by a main modified refractive index area and a secondary reflected light which is reflected by a secondary structure are weakened or intensified by interference.

Abstract: A projection type video display is provided with three LED light sources. Lights emitted from each LED light source are guided into a light incidence surface of a rod integrator by a cross dichroic mirror. In a first light incidence area (an area opposite to a LED light source in red) of the cross dichroic mirror, a first dichroic mirror is provided, and in a second light incidence area (an area opposite to a LED light source in blue) of the cross dichroic mirror, a second dichroic mirror is provided. The first dichroic mirror transmits the light in red and reflects lights in other colors, and the second dichroic mirror transmits the light in blue and reflects lights in other colors.

Abstract: The projection type video display includes three illuminating devices (51R-1, 51G, and 51B). Each illuminating device includes a taper type rod integrator and a cuboid shaped rod integrator. The illuminating device (51R-1) emits red light; the illuminating device (51G) emits green light; and the illuminating device (51B) emits blue light. The illuminating device (51R-1) has a Fresnel lens. The illuminating devices (51G and 51B) do not have a Fresnel lens.

Abstract: A color separating and mixing element comprises, in its transparent cube, a first optical function surface formed on a dividing surface for dividing the cube into two triangular prisms and a second optical function surface formed on another dividing surface. The first optical function surface has the function of transmitting both P-polarized light and S-polarized light with respect to red light, has the function of transmitting both P-polarized light and S-polarized light with respect to green light, and has the function of transmitting P-polarized light and reflecting S-polarized light with respect to blue light. The second optical function surface has the function of transmitting P-polarized light and reflecting S-polarized light with respect to red light, has the function of transmitting P-polarized light and reflecting S-polarized light with respect to green light, and has the function of transmitting both P-polarized light and S-polarized light with respect to blue light.

Abstract: The auxiliary light source has LED chips respectively emitting red lights arranged therein in an array shape, and has lens cells for parallelizing light arranged therein on the light exit side of the LED chips, for example. The LED chip is arranged in correspondence with each of lenses composing a pair of fly's eye lenses, and the pair of lenses introduces the light emitted from the LED chip into the whole surfaces of liquid crystal panels. A mixing mirror transmits white light emitted from a main light source and reflects light emitted from the auxiliary light source, and mixes the white light and the auxiliary light respectively emitted from both the light sources and introduces the mixed lights into the pair of fly's eye lenses.

Abstract: A mobile phone includes a phone body 1 having a wireless transmitting and receiving function of an image and sound and a virtual image optical display device 2 for forming a virtual image on a retina of an eye of a user by passing image information from an image information driving part 3 through an imaging optical system. The virtual image optical display device 2 positioned in front of the eye of the user is made as small as possible to make an eyepiece part of the mobile phone compact. An imaging optical system 4 of the virtual image optical display device 2 is separated into an optical system 4a on an image information driving part side and an optical system 4c on an eyepiece part side via a folding part 4b. The optical system 4c on the eyepiece part side is mounted on the arm 6 attached to the phone body 1 through the hinge 5.

Abstract: Provided is a light-emitting element, and a direct-view type display, capable of expanding a color-reproduction range. A plain-surface light source (1) is capable of emitting light in an area corresponding to pixels by a variable light-emitting amount. A liquid crystal cell (2b) is formed in such a manner as to correspond to each pixel on the plain-surface light source (1). On the liquid crystal cell (2b), a birefringent plate (3) is provided. On the birefringent plate (3), a quantum dot layer (4) is formed. The quantum dot layer (4) is coated in such a manner as to have a first quantum dot layer (4a) (grain size A), and a second quantum dot layer (4b) (grain size B: A<B). During a 1-field period, it is possible to form a state that ultraviolet rays are guided only to the first quantum dot layer (4a) a state that the ultraviolet rays are guided to the both dot films (4a), (4b) at an arbitrary ratio, and a state that the ultraviolet rays are guided only to the second quantum dot layer (4b).

Abstract: To provide a projection type video display capable of reliably preventing a double image from being produced. A first light flux producer for producing a first light flux and a second light flux producer for producing a second light flux are arranged on the light emission side of a lamp. The light flux producer comprises a condenser lens, a rod integrator, and a pair of lenses. Lights passing through the pair of lenses are respectively refracted by condenser lenses, and are respectively introduced into first and second areas of a liquid crystal display panel in such a manner as to cross an optical surface in a color separating and mixing sector.

Abstract: An LED light source is formed of an LED and an angle control lens. The angle control lens includes a transparent member in a shape of a rotational symmetry, and includes a center convex curved surface area (light-emission area) A1, a peripheral curved surface area (light-emission area) B1, a peripheral curved surface reflection area C1, a center concave curved surface area (light-incidence area) D, and a convex curved surface area E formed between the areas A1, B1. The convex curved surface area E is formed in a position for receiving direct incoming light from the LED (direct incoming light deviated from the center portion), and is optically constructed to anteriorly emit this received light (in a direction intended to be emitted as a result of a light-emission angle being controlled).

Abstract: An illuminating device (1) is formed of a light source (12) in which LED chips (11) are arranged in an array shape and lens cells (14) are arranged on a light-emission side of each of the LED chips (11), and a pair of fly's eye lenses (13) that integrates and guides to a liquid crystal panel (3) the light emitted from each of the LED chips (11) and collimated by the lens cells (14). The LED chip (11) and the lens cell (14) are formed in a square shape, and an aspect ratio thereof corresponds to that of the liquid crystal display panel (3). In addition, the lens cells (14) are arranged separately from one another in such a manner to have wall surfaces (air gaps), and the wall surfaces serve as reflective surfaces.

Abstract: A projection type video display apparatus is provided with an LED array for emitting light in red, an LED array for emitting light in green, and an LED array for emitting light in blue. On a light-incident side of a rod integrator, time-dividing mirrors 2A, 2B arranged in a cross manner, for guiding the light from each LED array to an inside of the rod integrator, are arranged. Furthermore, on a light-emission side of the LED array for emitting the light in red, a time-diving mirror is arranged, and on a light-emission side of the LED array for emitting the light in blue, a time-dividing mirror is provided. Each time-dividing mirror switch either to reflect the light or to transmit the light, depending on whether or not voltage is applied thereto. At time-dividing lighting timing of the LED arrays, the time-dividing mirrors switch either to reflect the light or to transmit the light.

Abstract: A reflection mixing member (13) has an alignment in which light from a first light source is incident on a reflecting surface (13a) and light from a second light source is incident on a reflecting surface (13b). A relationship between a pitch Wp, which is a pitch between portions (triangular prisms) respectively formed of the reflecting surface (13a) and the reflecting surface (13b) in the reflection mixing member (13), and a lens pitch Wf is set to be (Wp/Wf?1). As a result, light fluxes of respectively different distribution are incident on each lens portion of fly's eye lens 14a, so that it is possible to prevent luminance non-uniformity in light incident on a liquid crystal display panel (5) from being generated and prevent color non-uniformity from being generated on a screen at the same time.

Abstract: A projection type video display is provided with three LED light sources. Lights emitted from each LED light source are guided into a light incidence surface of a rod integrator by a cross dichroic mirror. In a first light incidence area (an area opposite to a LED light source in red) of the cross dichroic mirror, a first dichroic mirror is provided, and in a second light incidence area (an area opposite to a LED light source in blue) of the cross dichroic mirror, a second dichroic mirror is provided. The first dichroic mirror transmits the light in red and reflects lights in other colors, and the second dichroic mirror transmits the light in blue and reflects lights in other colors.

Abstract: A color separating/recombining unit used in liquid crystal projector using three reflection type liquid crystal panels. The color separating/recombining unit (20) has a cubic form comprising a light incidence surface (21) facing the light source unit (10), three light incidence/output surfaces (23), (24), (25) respectively facing liquid crystal panels (31), (32), (33), a light output surface (22) facing a projection optical system (40), and another surface (26).

Abstract: To provide a projection type video display capable of reliably preventing a double image from being produced. A first light flux producer for producing a first light flux and a second light flux producer for producing a second light flux are arranged on the light emission side of a lamp. The light flux producer comprises a condenser lens, a rod integrator, and a pair of lenses. Lights passing through the pair of lenses are respectively refracted by condenser lenses, and are respectively introduced into first and second areas of a liquid crystal display panel in such a manner as to cross an optical surface in a color separating and mixing sector.

Abstract: A color separating and mixing element comprises, in its transparent cube, a first optical function surface formed on a dividing surface for dividing the cube into two triangular prisms and a second optical function surface formed on another dividing surface. The first optical function surface has the function of transmitting both P-polarized light and S-polarized light with respect to red light, has the function of transmitting both P-polarized light and S-polarized light with respect to green light, and has the function of transmitting P-polarized light and reflecting S-polarized light with respect to blue light. The second optical function surface has the function of transmitting P-polarized light and reflecting S-polarized light with respect to red light, has the function of transmitting P-polarized light and reflecting S-polarized light with respect to green light, and has the function of transmitting both P-polarized light and S-polarized light with respect to blue light.

Abstract: The auxiliary light source has LED chips respectively emitting red lights arranged therein in an array shape, and has lens cells for parallelizing light arranged therein on the light exit side of the LED chips, for example. The LED chip is arranged in correspondence with each of lenses composing a pair of fly's eye lenses, and the pair of lenses introduces the light emitted from the LED chip into the whole surfaces of liquid crystal panels. A mixing mirror transmits white light emitted from a main light source and reflects light emitted from the auxiliary light source, and mixes the white light and the auxiliary light respectively emitted from both the light sources and introduces the mixed lights into the pair of fly's eye lenses.

Abstract: A color separating/recombining unit used in liquid crystal projector using three reflection type liquid crystal panels. The color separating/recombining unit (20) has a cubic form comprising a light incidence surface (21) facing the light source unit (10), three light incidence/output surfaces (23), (24), (25) respectively facing liquid crystal panels (31), (32), (33), a light output surface (22) facing a projection optical system (40), and another surface (26).

Abstract: A mobile phone includes a phone body 1 having a wireless transmitting and receiving function of an image and sound and a virtual image optical display device 2 for forming a virtual image on a retina of an eye of a user by passing image information from an image information driving part 3 through an imaging optical system. The virtual image optical display device 2 positioned in front of the eye of the user is made as small as possible to make an eyepiece part of the mobile phone compact. An imaging optical system 4 of the virtual image optical display device 2 is separated into an optical system 4a on an image information driving part side and an optical system 4c on an eyepiece part side via a folding part 4b. The optical system 4c on the eyepiece part side is mounted on the arm 6 attached to the phone body 1 through the hinge 5.