Abstract: A negative active material, an electrode including the same, and a lithium battery including the electrode. The negative active material has no volumetric expansion and has high solubility with respect to lithium. In addition, the negative active material is in the form of spherical particles, and thus does not require a separate granulating process. Moreover, the negative active material may enhance the capacity of a lithium battery.

Abstract: A lithium titanium oxide for an anode active material of a lithium rechargeable battery, wherein a X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum has a first peak of Li4Ti5O12 and a second peak, and A50-55/A78-80 is in a predetermined range, as a result of XRD analysis, where A78-80 is an Area of the first peak and A50-55 is an Area of the second peak in XRD.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a photoelectric device, the method including: forming a first semiconductor layer on a semiconductor substrate through a first ion implantation; forming a second semiconductor layer having an inverted conductive type on a part of the first semiconductor layer through a second ion implantation; and performing thermal processing to restore lattice damage of the semiconductor substrate and activate a dopant into which ion implanted. According to one or more embodiments of the present invention, a photoelectric device having a reduction in the number of processes for manufacturing the photoelectric device and improved output characteristics is provided.

Abstract: A negative active material includes a silicon-based particle and a crystalline carbonaceous material, the crystalline carbonaceous material including a graphite particle and a carbonaceous nano-sheet.

Abstract: A negative electrode active material including nanometal particles and super-conductive nanoparticles and a lithium battery including the same.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a solar cell includes forming a doped portion having a first conductive type on a semiconductor substrate, growing an oxide layer on the semiconductor substrate, forming a plurality of recess portions in the oxide layer, further growing the oxide layer on the semiconductor substrate, forming a doped portion having a second conductive type on areas of the semiconductor substrate corresponding to the recess portions, forming a first conductive electrode electrically coupled to the doped portion having the first conductive type, and forming a second conductive electrode on the semiconductor substrate and electrically coupled to the doped portion having the second conductive type, wherein a gap between the doped portions having the first and second conductive types corresponds to a width of the oxide layer formed by further growing the oxide layer.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling the position of the tongs of a crane depending on bending of a slab are disclosed. Side surface detection units are installed at both ends of the tongs of a crane for gripping the side surfaces of one or more slabs, and are configured to detect one or more gaps generated due to bending of one of the slabs. A distance detection unit is configured to detect the distance between an uppermost slab and the crane. A control unit is configured to adjust the final grip position of the tongs using information about the gaps generated due to the bending of the slab. The information about the gaps is detected by the side surface detection units and the distance detection unit.

Abstract: A mooring system for a vessel includes an attachment unit configured to be detachably attached to a hull of the vessel; a robot arm including a plurality of arms, the arms being coupled to each other to turn in a vertical direction, the robot, arm extending by an arm actuator provided thereto to transfer the attachment unit to an attachment position of the hull; a rotation unit connected to the robot arm and allowing the robot arm to turn in a horizontal direction; and a mooring winch for winding a mooring cable to draw the attachment unit. A floating body or a quay wall may include the mooring system.

Abstract: Provided is a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) transmission method in a digital broadcasting system. The method includes generating a plurality of first modulation symbols by modulating first information bits; generating a plurality of second modulation symbols by modulating second information bits; generating a plurality of first pre-coded symbols and a plurality of second pre-coded symbols by pre-coding the plurality of first modulation symbols and the plurality of second modulation symbols; and allocating the plurality of first pre-coded symbols and the plurality of second pre-coded symbols staggeringly through a first antenna and a second antenna and transmitting them.

Abstract: A photovoltaic device includes a substrate, the substrate having a base region and an emitter region, the base region having a first width and the emitter region having a second width, a first electrode in contact with and electrically connected to the base region, the first electrode having a third width where it overlies the base region, the third width being greater than the first width such that the first electrode overhangs the base region at at least one side thereof, and a second electrode in contact with and electrically connected to the emitter region, the second electrode having a fourth width where it overlies the emitter region, a ratio of the third width to the fourth width being about 0.3 to about 3.4.

Abstract: A solar cell includes a semiconductor substrate, a first intrinsic semiconductor layer and a second intrinsic semiconductor layer on the semiconductor substrate, the first intrinsic semiconductor layer and the second intrinsic semiconductor layer being spaced apart from each other, a first conductive semiconductor layer and a second conductive semiconductor layer respectively disposed on the first intrinsic semiconductor layer and the second intrinsic semiconductor layer, and a first electrode and a second electrode, each including a bottom layer on the first conductive semiconductor layer and the second conductive semiconductor layer, respectively, the bottom layer including a transparent conductive oxide, and an intermediate layer on the bottom layer, the intermediate layer being including copper.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display, including: pixels; a signal controller receiving an input image signal and an input control signal and outputting a processing image signal and a control signal; and a data driver changing the processing image signal to data voltage on the basis of the control signal to supply the data voltage to the pixel and sharing charges of odd channel data voltage of an odd channel and even channel data voltage of an even channel which have different polarities on the basis of a temperature.

Abstract: A solar cell including a crystalline semiconductor substrate having a first conductive type; a first doping layer on a front surface of the substrate and being doped with a first conductive type impurity; a front surface antireflection film on the front surface of the substrate; a back surface antireflection film on a back surface of the substrate; an intrinsic semiconductor layer, an emitter, and a first auxiliary electrode stacked on the back surface antireflection film and the substrate; a second doping layer on the back surface of the substrate and being doped with the first impurity; an insulating film on the substrate and including an opening overlying the second doping layer; a second auxiliary electrode in the opening and overlying the second doping layer; a first electrode on the first auxiliary electrode; and a second electrode on the second auxiliary electrode and being separated from the first electrode.

Abstract: A solar cell including a first conductive type semiconductor substrate; a first intrinsic semiconductor layer on a front surface of the semiconductor substrate; a first conductive type first semiconductor layer on at least one surface of the first intrinsic semiconductor layer; a second conductive type second semiconductor layer on a back surface of the semiconductor substrate; a second intrinsic semiconductor layer between the second semiconductor layer and the semiconductor substrate; a first conductive type third semiconductor layer on the back surface of the semiconductor substrate, the third semiconductor layer being spaced apart from the second semiconductor layer; and a third intrinsic semiconductor layer between the third semiconductor layer and the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A solar cell includes a silicon substrate including a front surface for receiving light, and a rear surface opposite the front surface, an emitter diffusion region on the rear surface and doped with a first polarity that is opposite to a polarity of the silicon substrate, a base diffusion region on the rear surface of the substrate and doped with a second polarity that is the same as the polarity of the silicon substrate, and an insulation gap between the emitter diffusion region and the base diffusion region, wherein the base diffusion region has a closed polygonal shape, and wherein the insulation gap is adjacent the base diffusion region.

Abstract: A photoelectric device includes a first semiconductor structure and a second semiconductor structure on a substrate, and the first semiconductor structure includes a different conductivity type from the second semiconductor structure. The photoelectric device also includes a first electrode on the first semiconductor structure and a second electrode on the second semiconductor structure, and an interlayer insulating structure adjacent to the second semiconductor structure. The interlayer insulating structure separates the first semiconductor structure from the second semiconductor structure and separates the first semiconductor structure from the second electrode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a communication test apparatus. The communication test apparatus includes an insertion module configured to insert a test agent into the process control block, a hooking module configured to hook a test target to a test code using the test agent when an event-related to communication occurs between the plurality of processes, a scanning module configured to collect pieces of test information about communication between the plurality of processes when the test target is hooked to the test code, and a logging module configured to store the pieces of test information collected by the scanning module.

Abstract: A photovoltaic device, and a method of fabricating the same are provided. Here, a base portion and an emitter portion are formed on a surface of a semiconductor substrate. An insulation layer is formed on the base portion and the emitter portion. The insulation layer has a plurality of vias to partially expose the base portion and the emitter portion. A first electrode is formed to contact a region of the emitter portion through at least one of the vias, and a second electrode is formed to contact a region of the base portion through at least another one of the vias. Then, a dicing line is set at a bus electrode portion of the second electrode, and the semiconductor substrate is split into at least two photovoltaic devices at the base portion along the dicing line.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system test apparatus. The system test apparatus includes an insertion module configured to insert a test agent into a process control block, a hooking module configured to hook a test target to a test code using the test agent when an event related to the test target occurs, a scanning module configured to collect pieces of test information about a process in which the event related to the test target has occurred when the test target is hooked, and a logging module configured to store the pieces of test information collected by the scanning module.

Abstract: A driving apparatus for a display device includes: a signal controller that generates a pre-clock signal, a charge sharing control signal and a scanning start signal; a clock signal generator that generates a clock signal swinging between a first voltage and a second voltage based on the pre-clock signal and the charge sharing control signal; and a gate driver that generates gate signals based on the scanning start signal and the clock signal, where the clock signal generator includes: a voltage generator that generates a third voltage; and a clock generator that receives one of the first to third voltages in response to the pre-clock signal and the charge sharing control signal, and outputs an output signal based on the one of the first to third voltages as the clock signal, where the third voltage is lower than the first voltage and higher than the second voltage.