Abstract: A backlight refraction lens includes a body formed with an incident face and an emergent face, wherein the incident face has a raised periphery and an axis formed with an angle with an axis of the body, the angle, between the axis of the incident face and the axis of the body, set between 35 degrees to 65 degrees such that the ray light going into the body along an incident angle within 15-45 degrees is mostly projected from the emergent face after being refracted. The backlight refraction lens promotes the visibility and identification of objects on the outdoor kanban board when the outdoor kanban board is in a backlight condition such that the conventional LEDs are unnecessary to the outdoor kanban board that has a series of backlight refraction lens in accordance with the present invention mounted thereon.

Abstract: Compositions that include nanoscale structured materials or precursors thereof (e.g., self-assembling peptides) are described. The compositions can include other substances (e.g., a vasoconstrictor). Also described are methods for using the compositions to promote hemostasis, to protect the skin or wounds from contamination, to decontaminate a site upon removal of previously applied compositions that provided a protective coating, and to inhibit the movement of bodily substances other than blood. The compositions are also useful in isolating tissue, removing tissue, preserving tissue (for, e.g., subsequent transplantation or reattachment), and as bulking, stabilizing or hydrating agents. Medical devices that include the compositions (e.g., a stent or catheter), bandages or other wound dressings, sutures, and kits that include the compositions are also described.

Abstract: Compositions which self-assemble under physiological conditions are formulated for application to wounds. The formulations include a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or are provided as part of a medical device or coating. The formulations may also include other therapeutic, prophylactic or diagnostic agents. The formulation can be administered as appropriate for treatment of one or more disorders or conditions. For example, the formulation may be applied to repair an injury or during surgery of the lung, eye or dura, or following an epidural or spinal tap, to stop leakage of blood, interstitial fluid, or cerebrospinal fluid. The formulation may be administered to a burn or ulcer. The formulation may be dispersed in a suture or adhesive for administration at the time of or as released following suturing or gluing of a wound, thereby limiting bleeding, loss of tissue fluids, or other fluids such as those produced by parenchymal tissues such as the liver, pancreas, and gastrointestinal tract.

Abstract: Compositions which self-assemble under physiological conditions are formulated for application to wounds. The formulations include a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or are provided as part of a medical device or coating. The formulations may also include other therapeutic, prophylactic or diagnostic agents. The formulation can be administered as appropriate for treatment of one or more disorders or conditions. For example, the formulation may be applied to repair an injury or during surgery of the lung, eye or dura, or following an epidural or spinal tap, to stop leakage of blood, interstitial fluid, or cerebrospinal fluid.

Abstract: A general methodology for the development of highly sensitive and selective sensors that can achieve portable, low-cost and quantitative detection of a broad range of targets using only a personal glucose meter (PGM) is disclosed. The method uses recognition molecules that are specific for a target agent, enzymes that can convert an enzyme substrate into glucose, and PGM. Also provided are sensors, which can include a solid support to which is attached a recognition molecule that permits detection of a target agent, wherein the recognition molecule specifically binds to the target agent in the presence of the target agent but not significantly to other agents as well as an enzyme that can catalyze the conversion of a substance into glucose, wherein the enzyme is attached directly or indirectly to the recognition molecule, and wherein in the presence of the target agent the enzyme can convert the substance into glucose. The disclosed sensors can be part of a lateral flow device.

Abstract: Provided herein are sensors, kits that include such sensors, and methods for making and using such sensors. The sensors permit detection of a broad array of target molecules, such as nucleic acids (e.g., DNA and RNA), proteins, toxins, pathogens, cells, and metals, and can be used in combination with pH meters and pH paper. Thus, this disclosure provides a new methodology that allows pH meters and pH paper to be used for the detection of analytes other than pH.

Abstract: A cloth backing for an abrasive article is treated by combining a phenolic resin, a latex and a colloidal silicon oxide composition to prepare a colloidal formulation, which is then applied to the cloth backing and cured. Coated abrasive articles are formed by applying a make coat formulation to the treated cloth backing, applying an abrasive and then curing the make coat formulation.

Abstract: A general methodology for highly sensitive and selective sensors that can achieve portable, low-cost and quantitative detection of a broad range of targets using only a personal glucose meter (PGM) is disclosed. The method and sensors take advantage of the ability of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) to convert glucose-1-phosphate to glucose, and the ability of PGMs to detect the generated glucose. The disclosed sensors can be part of a lateral flow device. Methods of using such sensors for detecting target agents, for example to diagnose disease, are also provided.

Abstract: A general methodology to design label-free fluorescent functional nucleic acid sensors using a vacant site approach and an abasic site approach is described. In one example, a method for designing label-free fluorescent functional nucleic acid sensors (e.g., those that include a DNAzyme, aptamer or aptazyme) that have a tunable dynamic range through the introduction of an abasic site (e.g., dSpacer) or a vacant site into the functional nucleic acids. Also provided is a general method for designing label-free fluorescent aptamer sensors based on the regulation of malachite green (MG) fluorescence. A general method for designing label-free fluorescent catalytic and molecular beacons (CAMBs) is also provided. The methods demonstrated here can be used to design many other label-free fluorescent sensors to detect a wide range of analytes. Sensors and methods of using the disclosed sensors are also provided.

Abstract: This invention proposes a hybrid power driving device including an electric motor, an Internal Combustion engine, an automated mechanical transmission, a clutch, a main reducer and a differential, where the automated mechanical transmission includes first to sixth gear wheels forming meshing pairs, 2 synchronizers, an input transmission shaft connected with the engine, an input transmission shaft connected with the motor, and an output transmission shaft. This device provides for the motor with two gears, and provides for the engine with four gears, which can meet the practical demands of the engine and the motor. Compared with the existing parallel hybrid power coupling mechanism, the inventive device has a simple structure, a low cost, good shifting comfortability, and a high operation efficiency.

Abstract: A general methodology for the development of highly sensitive and selective sensors that can achieve portable, low-cost and quantitative detection of a broad range of targets using only a personal glucose meter (PGM) is disclosed. The method uses recognition molecules that are specific for a target agent, enzymes that can convert an enzyme substrate into glucose, and PGM. Also provided are sensors, which can include a solid support to which is attached a recognition molecule that permits detection of a target agent, wherein the recognition molecule specifically binds to the target agent in the presence of the target agent but not significantly to other agents as well as an enzyme that can catalyze the conversion of a substance into glucose, wherein the enzyme is attached directly or indirectly to the recognition molecule, and wherein in the presence of the target agent the enzyme can convert the substance into glucose. The disclosed sensors can be part of a lateral flow device.

Abstract: A methodology for developing highly sensitive and selective sensors that can achieve portable, low-cost and quantitative detection of a broad range of targets using only a personal glucose meter (PGM) is disclosed. The method uses recognition molecules specific for a target agent, enzymes that can convert an enzyme substrate into glucose, and a PGM. Also provided are sensors, which can include a solid support having attached thereto a recognition molecule that permits detection of a target agent, as well as an enzyme that can catalyze the conversion of a substance into glucose, wherein the enzyme is attached directly or indirectly to the recognition molecule, and wherein in the presence of the target agent the enzyme can convert the substance into glucose. The disclosed sensors can be part of a lateral flow device. Methods of using such sensors for detecting target agents are provided.

Abstract: A general methodology to design label-free fluorescent functional nucleic acid sensors using a vacant site approach and an abasic site approach is described. In one example, a method for designing label-free fluorescent functional nucleic acid sensors (e.g., those that include a DNAzyme, aptamer or aptazyme) that have a tunable dynamic range through the introduction of an abasic site (e.g., dSpacer) or a vacant site into the functional nucleic acids. Also provided is a general method for designing label-free fluorescent aptamer sensors based on the regulation of malachite green (MG) fluorescence. A general method for designing label-free fluorescent catalytic and molecular beacons (CAMBs) is also provided. The methods demonstrated here can be used to design many other label-free fluorescent sensors to detect a wide range of analytes. Sensors and methods of using the disclosed sensors are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a multilevel recording method and system thereof. The multilevel recording method applied to a recording media comprises the following steps. At First, a plurality of beams are provided to a recording layer of the recording media, and the recording layer has a first structure and a second structure. Then, a first polarized reflected light of the first structure and a second polarized reflected light of the second structure are detected by a detecting unit. Then, a corresponding table is stored by a storing unit. The corresponding table comprises a relationship between the different angle of the polarized reflected light and a level of multilevel recording. Finally, the processing unit looks up the corresponding table to process multilevel recording.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a multilevel recording method and system thereof. The multilevel recording method applied to a recording media comprises the following steps. At First, a plurality of beams are provided to a recording layer of the recording media, and the recording layer has a first structure and a second structure. Then, a first polarized reflected light of the first structure and a second polarized reflected light of the second structure are detected by a detecting unit. Then, a corresponding table is stored by a storing unit. The corresponding table comprises a relationship between the different angle of the polarized reflected light and a level of multilevel recording. Finally, the processing unit looks up the corresponding table to process multilevel recording.

Abstract: Message handshaking and integration may be provided. A message may be created by a client in a first format. The client may determine whether a server in communication with the client is operable to deliver the message in a second format. If so, the client may provide the message, in the first format, to the server for delivering to at least one recipient in the second format.

Abstract: A cloth backing for an abrasive article is treated by combining a phenolic resin, a latex and a colloidal silicon oxide composition to prepare a colloidal formulation, which is then applied to the cloth backing and cured. Coated abrasive articles are formed by applying a make coat formulation to the treated cloth backing, applying an abrasive and then curing the make coat formulation.

Abstract: A printed circuit board for preventing electrostatic discharge damage includes several electronic components thereon. The printed circuit board defines a number of through holes therein. The printed circuit board includes a signal layer. The signal layer defines a first copper foil and second copper foil thereon. The first copper foils are disposed around the corresponding through holes and connect with the through holes. The second copper foils are disposed around the first copper foils and extend to two adjacent edges of the printed circuit board. The first copper foil and the second copper foil have a number of saw teeth. A gap between the first copper foil and the second foil is in the range from 0.1-0.125 mm.

Abstract: Compositions that include nanoscale structured materials or precursors thereof (e.g., self-assembling peptides) are described. The compositions can include other substances (e.g., a vasoconstrictor). Also described are methods for using the compositions to promote hemostasis, to protect the skin or wounds from contamination, to decontaiminate a site upon removal of previously applied compositions that provided a protective coating, and to inhibit the movement of bodily substances other than blood. The compositions are also useful in isolating tissue, removing tissue, preserving tissue (for, e.g., subsequent transplantation or reattachment), and as bulking, stabilizing or hydrating agents. Medical devices that include the compositions (e.g., a stent or catheter), bandages or other wound dressings, sutures, and kits that include the compositions are also described.