Abstract: A semiconductor light-emitting device having a thinned structure comprises a thinned structure formed between a semiconductor light-emitting structure and a carrier. The manufacturing method comprises the steps of forming a semiconductor light-emitting structure above a substrate; attaching the semiconductor light-emitting structure to a support; thinning the substrate to form a thinned structure; forming or attaching a carrier to the thinned substrate; and removing the support.

Abstract: A Fresnel antenna includes a plurality of Fresnel elements spaced to selectively attenuate electromagnetic waves having a predetermined wavelength, selected wavelengths, or range of wavelengths, and to concentrate electromagnetic waves having a predetermined wavelength, selected wavelengths, or range of wavelengths other than the attenuated wavelengths.

Abstract: A driving circuit of a light emitting diode (LED) includes a rectifier unit, a voltage-dividing circuit, a control unit, a voltage converter, a resistance and a capacitor. The rectifier unit rectifies an AC power to generate a first operation voltage. The voltage-dividing circuit generates a voltage-dividing signal. The control unit includes a regulating unit and a pulse width modulation (PWM) unit. An output terminal of the regulating unit is coupled to the PWM unit. The PWM unit outputs a PWM signal. The voltage converter adjusts a driving voltage and a driving current of the LED. The resistance is coupled between an output terminal of the regulating unit and a diode. The capacitor is coupled between a power input terminal of the regulating unit and a ground terminal. The PWM unit adjusts the PWM signal according to the voltage-dividing signal and a feedback signal output by the voltage converter.

Abstract: A Doppler frequency estimation system includes a basis projector, a polynomial generator and an extreme value determinator. The basis projector receives and projects multiple channel sampling signals to a set of orthogonal bases to thereby generate multiple channel correlation vectors. The polynomial generator is connected to the basis projector in order to produce a target polynomial based on the channel correlation vectors, an estimated channel-envelope-to-noise-plus-interference power-ratio and a channel-envelope power. The extreme value determinator is connected to the polynomial generator in order to determine an extreme value of the polynomial and output a frequency corresponding to the extreme value as an estimated Doppler frequency.

Abstract: A composite material with at least one of a negative effective permittivity and a negative effective permeability for incident radiation of at least one wavelength is described. The composite material comprises conductive structures that are substantially random with respect to at least one of size, shape, orientation, and location.

Abstract: A nanostructure includes a highly conductive microcrystalline layer, a bipolar nanowire, and another layer (18, 30). The highly conductive microcrystalline layer includes a microcrystalline material and a metal. The bipolar nanowire has one end attached to the highly conductive microcrystalline layer and another end attached to the other layer.

Abstract: A ring resonator has a first optical waveguide arranged in a loop, a second optical waveguide tangentially connected to the first optical waveguide, and an electrical coil inductively coupled to the first optical waveguide.

Abstract: The instant invention provides a two-step polymerization process for preparing amphiphilic poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone), (PVP)-block-polyester copolymers and other diblock and triblock copolymers consisting of PVP as one block. The block copolymers of the invention can be used as vehicles for drug delivery.

Abstract: A display device including a first substrate, a second substrate opposite to the first substrate, a fiber layer, a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer is provided. The fiber layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and includes a plurality of fibers and a display medium disposed therein. The first electrode layer is disposed adjacent to the first substrate, and the second electrode layer is disposed adjacent to the second substrate. The display medium is driven by the change of electric field between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer to be moved in the fibers for displaying a frame.

Abstract: Techniques are described herein for managing data in a block-based flash memory device which avoid the need to perform sector erase operations each time data stored in the flash memory device is updated. As a result, a large number of write operations can be performed before a sector erase operation is needed. In addition, the block-based flash memory can emulate both programming and erasing on a byte-by-byte basis, like that provided by an EEPROM.

Abstract: An imprint lithography apparatus including a service station.

Abstract: A terminating agent and a method for preparing an anionic polymer are provided. The terminating agent includes a carbohydrate, which is a solid substantially insoluble in a solvent and is used for terminating an anionic polymerization of a polymer. Another aspect of the method includes steps which provide an initiator for initiating an anionic polymerization, adding a terminating agent for terminating the anionic polymerization and forming a complex, wherein the terminating agent is a carbohydrate, and an alkali metal ion is removed by a solid-liquid separation process.

Abstract: An optical waveguide and method of making are disclosed. The method of making includes forming a layer on a substrate of a substantially optically transparent material. The layer includes an inner area and an outer area. A sufficient number of voids can be created in the inner area to form a first index of refraction. A plurality of the voids have a dimension that is less than a wavelength of the light beam. A sufficient number of voids can be created in the outer area to form a second index of refraction less than the first index.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to methods of forming single-crystal metal-silicide nanowires and resulting nanowire structures. In one embodiment of the present invention, a method of fabricating nanowires is disclosed. In the method, a number of nanowire-precursor members are formed. Each of the nanowire-precursor members includes a substantially single-crystal silicon region and a polycrystalline-metallic region. The substantially single-crystal silicon region and the polycrystalline-metallic region of each of the nanowire-precursor members is reacted to form corresponding substantially single-crystal metal-silicide nanowires. In another embodiment of the present invention, a nanowire structure is disclosed. The nanowire structure includes a substrate having an electrically insulating layer. A number of substantially single-crystal metal-silicide nanowires are positioned on the electrically insulating layer.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to external, electronically controllable, negative index material-based modulators. In one aspect, an external modulator comprises a negative index material in electronic communication with an electronic signal source. The negative index material receives an electronic signal encoding data from the electronic signal source and an unmodulated carrier wave from an electromagnetic radiation source. Magnitude variations in the electronic signal produce corresponding effective refractive index changes in the negative index material encoding the data in the amplitude and/or phase of the carrier wave to produce an electromagnetic signal.

Abstract: A call processing device communicating with a plurality of line cards includes a mapping table and an address table. The call processing device receives a telephone number, searches the mapping table for one index related to the received telephone number, searches the address table for one address corresponding to the sought index, rejects a call corresponding to the received telephone number if the sought address is a specially preset address, and updates one or more of the addresses of the line cards in the address table if operating modes of one or more of the line cards are changed. A call processing method is also provided.

Abstract: A dimmer and a lighting apparatus are provided. The dimmer apparatus includes a rectifier unit, a controller, a voltage divider and a voltage converter. The rectifier unit rectifies an AC power and generates a first operating voltage. The voltage divider outputs a voltage division of the first operating voltage. The controller integrates the voltage division to obtain an average voltage, and provides a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal based on the average voltage. The voltage converter drives a light emitting diode (LED), and adjusts a driving voltage and a driving current of the LED according to the PWM signal. Wherein, the controller also adjusts the PWM signal according to a feedback signal generated by the voltage converter.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to negative index material crossbars that can be electronically controlled and dynamically reconfigured to exhibit a variety of electromagnetic properties. In one aspect, a negative index material crossbar comprises a first layer of non-crossing nanowires, and a second layer of approximately parallel nanowires that overlay the nanowires in the first layer. Resonant elements at nanowire intersections, and a gain material incorporated in the crossbar such that transmitted electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths in a wavelength band of interest is enhanced when the crossbar is flood pumped with pump electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: A controllable optical ring resonator, a photonic system and a method of controlling an optical ring resonator employ control electrodes periodically spaced apart along a closed loop optical path of an optical waveguide. The controllable optical ring resonator includes the optical waveguide and a plurality of the periodically spaced control electrodes. The photonic system includes an input optical waveguide segment and the controllable optical ring resonator adjacent and optically coupled to the segment. The method includes providing the plurality of periodically spaced control electrodes, providing an optical signal within the optical path, and addressing one or more of the control electrodes to interact with the optical signal within the optical path.

Abstract: A method for synthesizing the all-silica zeolite beta with small crystal size is disclosed. This method comprises the steps of: (a) forming a reaction mixture comprising (1) a source of silicon dioxide (SiO2), (2) a source of fluoride ions (F?), (3) a source of tetraethylammonium cations (TEA+), and (4) water (H2O), at predetermined mole ratios of the source of silicon dioxide, the source of fluoride ions, the source of tetraethylammonium cations, and water; (b) crystallizing the reaction mixture; and (c) recovering the crystalline material formed, wherein the pH of the mixture before crystallization has a value of 6 to 9, and the pH of the mixture after crystallization has a value of 6 to 8. This improved method gives a fast and efficient way of synthesis of all-silica zeolite beta with an average crystal size of less than 5 ?m.