Abstract: A steering system is configured such that electric power is supplied to a steering actuator and a turning actuator from a first power supply when a power state of a vehicle is an on state and supply of the electric power from the first power supply is cut off when the power state is an off state. The steering system includes a rotation curbing unit configured to operate such that rotation of the steering wheel is curbed in at least a part of a first power-off period from when the power state becomes an off state until when the power state becomes the on state next, as an operating period, and a second power supply configured to supply, to the rotation curbing unit, the electric power required for operation of the rotation curbing unit in the operating period, the second power supply being different from the first power supply.

Abstract: The head-up display device includes a display element that emits image light and a virtual image optical system. The virtual image optical system includes a lens unit and a free curved surface mirror disposed along the emission direction of the image light in this order from a position close to the display element. The display element is disposed with a tilting attitude with respect to the optical axis of the lens unit with an end on the housing aperture side in an emission surface being close to an incidence surface in the lens unit and with an end on the opposite side of the housing aperture in an emission surface being apart from an incidence surface in the lens unit. The lens unit has an optical characteristic of optically enlarging an optical path length difference according to a virtual image distance difference.

Abstract: A steer-by-wire steering system for a vehicle, including: an operating member operable by a driver; a dual-system steering device including two systems each of which includes an electric motor as a drive source, the steering device being configured to steer a wheel; and a controller configured to control a current to be supplied to each of the electric motors of the respective two systems so as to cause the steering device to steer the wheel in accordance with an operation of the operating member, wherein the controller is configured to prohibit the current greater than an upper limit value from being supplied to the electric motors of the respective two systems, and wherein, when the wheel is steered only by only one of the two systems, the controller raises the upper limit value of the current to be supplied to the electric motor of the one of the two systems.

Abstract: A steer-by-wire steering system, including a steering device including a dual-system steering motor including a main system and a sub system, wherein a power supply to the main system is conducted selectively by a main power source and a backup power source, and a power supply to the sub system is conducted by only the main power source, wherein, in a normal power-supply situation in which the power supply to the main system and to the sub system is conducted by the main power source, a controller controls the sub system to operate in accordance with the main system, and wherein, in a backup power-supply situation in which the power supply to the main system is conducted by the backup power source, the controller controls the main system not to operate or to operate while limiting the power supply to the main system and controls the sub system independently.

Abstract: A fine bubble generating apparatus has a storage tank, a liquid feeding unit suctioning and feeding liquid stored in the storage tank, a gas discharge unit discharging gas into the liquid which is being fed by the liquid feeding unit, and a storage tank. The gas discharge unit includes a gas discharge member with pores having pore diameters of 1.5 ?m or less, and a base member having a groove formed in a surface contacting the gas discharge surface of the gas discharge member. The liquid feeding unit moves the liquid along the gas discharge surface of the gas discharge member by causing the liquid to flow in a flow channel enclosed by the gas discharge surface of the gas discharge member and the groove of the base member such that a velocity relative to the gas discharge member is not less than 1 msec.

Abstract: A head-up display system mounted on a vehicle, the system including: a head-up display device that displays an image in front of the vehicle; and a forward sensing device that detects a forward object of the vehicle, the head-up display device including an image data generation unit, and an image display unit, the image data generated by the image data generation unit including a constantly displayed object, and a real scene overlaid object, a gyro sensor being installed in the vehicle, the image data generation unit performing pitching correction on a display position of an object to be displayed, based on angular velocity information for two axial directions, and in a case where the vehicle travels on a curve in an inclined state, the pitching correction being suppressed or stopped, and a brightness of display of the real scene overlaid object being reduced or stopped.

Abstract: A steering control device includes a first control system and a second control system. The first control system includes and a first microcomputer. The first microcomputer is configured to compute a first command value for controlling power supply to a first coil and a second command value for controlling power supply to a second coil. The second control system includes and a second microcomputer. The second microcomputer is configured to compute the first command value and the second command value. The first microcomputer and the second microcomputer are configured to communicate the first command value and the second command value with each other. The cycle of communication between the first microcomputer and the second microcomputer is set to be equal to or shorter than each of the cycles of computations of the first command value and the second command value by the first microcomputer and the second microcomputer.

Abstract: A steer-by-wire steering system for a vehicle, including: an operating member operable by a driver; a steering device including an electric motor and configured to steer a wheel by a force generated by the electric motor; a controller configured to control the steering device, wherein the controller enables the wheel to be steered in accordance with an operation of the operating member while imposing limitation on a supply current to the electric motor, and wherein the limitation imposed on the supply current is made smaller when a running speed of the vehicle is lower than a set speed and a steering motion of the wheel is a motion in a direction to decrease a steering amount than i) when the running speed of the vehicle is not lower than the set speed and ii) when the steering motion of the wheel is a motion in a direction to increase the steering amount.

Abstract: A gear-grinding multilayer grindstone includes a rough machining portion and a finish machining portion that are disposed adjacent to each other on a rotational axis. The rough machining portion includes a first core and a rough machining grindstone that is held on the first core. The finish machining portion includes a second core that is adjacent to the first core, and a finish machining grindstone that is held on the second core. The first core and the second core are fixed to each other, without the rough machining grindstone and the finish machining grindstone being fixed at least at outer peripheral portions thereof to each other.

Abstract: To provide a post-processor capable of executing alignment processing with high accuracy. Configuring a post-processor including: a recording material loader on which a recording material conveyed through a conveyance path is loaded; an aligner that aligns the recording material in the recording material loader; a driver that moves the aligner; and a controller that receives information of a physical property value of the recording material acquired by a medium sensor and determines an operation parameter of alignment processing that drives the driver based on the information of the physical property value.

Abstract: A main power supply having a large capacity and a backup power supply having a small capacity are switchable by a power supply switching determination unit in a system. A motor control device drives a motor by the main power supply or the backup power supply. A drive control unit outputs a drive signal, calculated by feedback control of the current detection value with respect to the current command value, to an inverter circuit. When the power supply switching determination unit switches from the main power supply to the backup power supply, the drive control unit moves from a normal control using the main power supply to a backup control that restricts an electric power consumption and prevents the backup power supply from stopping.

Abstract: A steering system includes a prioritized torque sensor, a redundant torque sensor, a controller, a first signal line, a second signal line, and a common signal line. Each of the first signal line and the second signal line connects the prioritized torque sensor and the controller. The common signal line connects the redundant torque sensor and the controller. The prioritized torque sensor is configured to transmit, via the first signal line, a first prioritized detection signal. The prioritized torque sensor is configured to transmit, via the second signal line, a second prioritized detection signal. The redundant torque sensor is configured to transmit, via the common signal line, a first redundant detection signal and a second redundant detection signal.

Abstract: Control calculation units of a back system in each actuator operate by a collaborative drive mode in which a torque is output to a motor drive unit by using an information transmitted and received mutually by a communication between the systems in common. Cooperative control calculation units in a reaction force actuator and a turning actuator can operate in cooperation with each other based on the information transmitted and received mutually by a communication between actuators. A communication between adjacent systems and a communication between adjacent actuators are restored, when a focus control calculation unit is restored, after the focus control calculation unit is stopped during operation and at least one of the communication between adjacent systems or the communication between adjacent actuators is interrupted.

Abstract: A first actuator and a second actuator each have a plurality of control calculation units provided redundantly and a plurality of motor drive units provided redundantly. In the first and the second actuators, the control calculation units of the systems paired with each other transmit and receive information to and from each other by a communication between the actuators. When a failure occurs in any system in either of the two actuators, or when a failure occurs in a communication between actuators in either system, the control calculation unit of each actuator of the system in which the failure occurred stops the motor drive control. Then, the motor drive control is continued by the control calculation unit of the normal system in both actuators.

Abstract: A motor drive system is provided in a steer-by-wire system in which a steering mechanism and a turning mechanism of a vehicle are mechanically separated. The motor drive system includes a reaction force actuator and a turning actuator. The reaction force actuator functions as a motor configured to output a reaction force torque corresponding to a steering torque of a driver and a road surface reaction force. The turning actuator functions as a motor configured to output a turning torque for turning wheels. Each of the reaction force actuator and the turning actuator includes a plurality of control calculation units provided redundantly and each configured to perform a calculation related to a motor drive control, and a plurality of motor drive units provided redundantly and each configured to drive and output the torque based on a drive signal generated by a corresponding control calculation unit.

Abstract: A rotation angle detection apparatus includes a driving gear, two driven gears, two sensors, and an arithmetic circuit. The two driven gears have different numbers of teeth and each are in mesh with the driving gear. The arithmetic circuit is configured to compute a rotation angle of the driving gear based on the rotation angles of the two driven gears, detected through the two sensors. The arithmetic circuit is configured to, when a relationship between the rotation angles of the two driven gears, detected through the two sensors, is different from the relationship when the rotation angle of the driving gear, computed by the arithmetic circuit, is normal, detect an abnormality in the rotation angle of the driving gear, computed by the arithmetic circuit.

Abstract: A power supply system includes a system control unit, an auxiliary power supply, and an auxiliary-power-supply control unit. The system control unit and the auxiliary-power-supply control unit are configured such that information of at least one control unit of the system control unit and the auxiliary-power-supply control unit is able to be output to another control unit of the system control unit and the auxiliary-power-supply control unit. The at least one control unit is configured to output information indicating that an operation of the at least one control unit is stopped to the other control unit when the at least one control unit stops the operation of the at least one control unit.

Abstract: A steer-by-wire steering system for a vehicle, including: an operating device including a steering operating member, a counterforce applying mechanism configured to apply, to the steering operating member, an operation counterforce by a counterforce motor, and an operating controller configured to control the operation counterforce; a steering device including a steering actuator configured to steer a wheel by a steering motor and a steering controller configured to control an amount of steering of the wheel by the steering actuator; and a communication line communicably connecting the operating controller and the steering controller, wherein the steering controller is configured to: determine a status code based on a status of the steering device; and transmit the status code to the operating controller via the communication line; and wherein the operating controller is configured to change a magnitude of the operation counterforce in accordance with the status code received by the operating controller.

Abstract: A head-up display apparatus configured to project an image on a windshield to display a virtual image to a driver includes an image display unit including a light source and a display element and configured to form the image. A display device is configured to project and reflect image light onto the windshield to display the virtual image in front of the windshield. A driver's viewpoint detector is configured to detect a viewpoint of the driver; and a movement mechanism is configured to move a position of the virtual image based on information of the viewpoint of the driver detected by the driver's viewpoint detector. The driver's viewpoint detector detects the viewpoint of the driver by irradiating the face of the driver with the interior light or light of the light source of the image display unit as illumination light at night.

Abstract: The head-up display device includes a display element that emits image light and a virtual image optical system. The virtual image optical system includes a lens unit and a free curved surface mirror disposed along the emission direction of the image light in this order from a position close to the display element. The display element is disposed with a tilting attitude with respect to the optical axis of the lens unit with an end on the housing aperture side in an emission surface being close to an incidence surface in the lens unit and with an end on the opposite side of the housing aperture in an emission surface being apart from an incidence surface in the lens unit. The lens unit has an optical characteristic of optically enlarging an optical path length difference according to a virtual image distance difference.