Abstract: A cylindrical electrode (26) is disposed in a tubular housing (22) and applied with an electric potential opposite in polarity to a charge on usable toner particles removed from a photoconductive drum (13). A fur brush (21) bifunctions to remove the toner and foreign matter from the drum (13) and create an air flow which carries the toner and foreign matter through a passageway (41) defined between the housing (22) and cylinder (26). The foreign matter is carried into a foreign matter chamber (29) by centrifugal force while the toner adheres to the cylinder (26) which is rotated in the same direction as the air flow. The toner is carried past a blade (34) which extends closely adjacent to the cylinder (26) into a toner recovery chamber (31) from which it is scrapingly removed from the cylinder (26) and recycled.

Abstract: First and second original documents are copied on the opposite sides of a copy sheet in superposition in such a manner that the centers of the two copied images on the opposite sides of the copy sheet are coincident with each other. The two copied images are offset from the center of the copy sheet, leaving a blank area at one edge of the copy sheet for binding a number of copy sheets together in book form. The present copying machine is further provided with two sheet cassettes containing copy sheets of different sizes, a device for selecting the desired copy sheet size and intermediate sheet holder for temporarily holding the selected copy sheet between the copy operations of the first and second original documents.

Abstract: A conveyor belt (14) conveys a document (19), (32) over a transparent glass platen (10) to a scanning position. An automatic document feed unit (22), (26) feeds documents (19) from a stack one by one between the lower run of the belt (14) and the platen (10) for conveyance over the platen (10). A manual feed unit (34) feeds documents (32) manually inserted thereinto one by one onto the upper run of the belt (14) from which the documents (32) are guided downwardly over an end of the belt (14) between the lower run of the belt (14) and the platen (10) for conveyance over the platen (10). The relative positions of the automatic and manual feed units (22), (26); (34) may be reversed. The documents (19), (32) are discharged by the belt (14) onto a tray (54) after scanning.

Abstract: The auto document feeder is for use with duplex copying machines, and is capable of inverting duplex sheet originals, having images on both surfaces, automatically and feeding the originals to an exposure station automatically. The feeder comprises trays for stacking a plurality of sheet originals to be copied, sheet feeding devices for feeding the sheet originals individually from the trays to the exposure station, a platen belt mounted on the exposure station and operable to transport a sheet original across the exposure station and to maintain each sheet original in close contact with the exposure station during exposure of the sheet original, from either side of the exposure station, sheet inverting devices for inverting sheet originals received from the exposure station, and a sheet transport device for transporting inverted sheet originals to the exposure station for completing the duplex copy.

Abstract: A duplex copying machine has an auto document feeder and is capable of duplex copying from originals having images on one side, originals having images on both sides and combinations of the aforementioned two types. In a preferred embodiment of the duplex copying machine, whether an original has images on one side only or on both sides is detected so as to obtain a duplex copy from a duplex original and a one-side copy from a one-side original.

Abstract: In successively copying a plurality of continuous pages of a book original by means of a copying apparatus adapted to print images of the pages on opposite surfaces of each copy sheet, a printing operation is controlled in such a manner that a series of processes including, illumination of the pages, charging and exposing of a photosensitive drum, developing, fixing and transfer printing of visible images, and ejection of printed copy sheets is automatically performed, if the book original is opened at desired pages and placed on an original placing glass plate of the copying apparatus in a normal condition in which the top of the book original is remote from the operator.

Abstract: First and second original documents are copied on the opposite sides of a copy sheet in superposition in such a manner that the centers of the two copied images on the opposite sides of the copy sheet are coincident with each other. The two copied images are offset from the center of the copy sheet, leaving a blank area at one edge of the copy sheet for binding a number of copy sheets together in book form. The present copying machine is further provided with two sheet cassettes containing copy sheets of different sizes, means for selecting the desired copy sheet size and intermediate sheet holder means for temporarily holding the selected copy sheet between the copy operations of the first and second original documents.

Abstract: In the method, two originals are placed side-by-side on the contact glass of an electrophotographic duplex copying machine and are scanned successively, in a single scanning operation, by the exposure optical system of the machine to form respective successive images on a photoconductive drum rotated past an image transfer device. Two transfer sheets are fed successively, with a short interval therebetween, from a primary supply device for transfer sheets, past the image transfer device in synchronism with the image formation on the drum, to provide duplex copies, having images in the same relation as that of the two originals, in a single copying cycle or process. By utilizing a secondary sheet supply device and a suitable switching device, images can be provided on both sides or surfaces of a transfer sheet or sheets. The duplex copying apparatus includes a novel sheet feed device effective to stack transfer sheets neatly.

Abstract: An enlarged electrostatic image of an original document such as a microfilm frame is formed on a photoconductive belt and is developed by means of a toner substance to produce a visible image. The belt is then moved to a viewing position where it serves as a screen for displaying the visible image. The belt is discharged and the toner substance removed therefrom after the display in preparation for displaying the image of another microfilm frame on the belt.

Abstract: A scanning head moves relative to a document platen and a photoconductive member for scanning a document supported on the platen and imaging the photoconductive member. The scanning head has a slit which constitutes an exposure aperture and has a width which is predetermined for optimum image formation. The speed of movement of the scanning head is varied to adjust the image intensity to the desired value depending on the characteristics of the document. The scanning head is connected to a belt which is trained around pulleys in such a manner that driving the belt in one direction produces reciprocation of the scanning head, the scanning head being driven in one direction for one scanning operation and in the opposite direction for a subsequent scanning operation.

Abstract: First and second rollers extend perpendicular to the direction of reciprocation of the scanning head and are disposed on opposite sides of the scanning head in said direction. First and second curtains are fixed at first ends to the first and second rollers respectively and at second ends to the scanning head. The curtains are rolled around the respective rollers. First and second pulleys are fixed for rotation with the first and second rollers. A tensioned wire is fixed at its opposite ends to the first and second pulleys and rolled around the first and second pulleys in directions opposite to directions in which the first and second curtains are rolled around the first and second rollers respectively. As the scanning head is moved thereby unrolling one of the curtains, the pulleys and wire rotate the other roller so as to roll the other curtain thereonto.

Abstract: First and second horizontally disposed parallel guide rods are provided to guide an object. First and second roller assemblies are fixed to the object and rollingly connect the object to the first guide rod and a third roller assembly fixed to the other side of the object rollingly connects the object to the second guide rod. The third roller assembly comprises a shaft fixed to the object and a roller carried by the shaft which rollingly rides on the top of the second guide rod. The first and second roller assemblies each comprise a shaft fixed to the object carrying first and second rollers spaced from each other along the shaft. The first and second rollers straddle the top of the first guide rod and rollingly ride on the upper surface thereof. The apparatus further comprises a shaft fixed to the object which carries a roller, the top of which rollingly engages with the lower surface of the first guide rod.