Abstract: A metal treatment composition including Tin (II) Chloride and processed montmorillonite clay. The addition of Tin (II) Chloride to the composition provides Tin for forming a ceramic-metal layer on the surfaces of the friction pair. Tin (II) Chloride provides Chlorine ions for forming Chloric films for protecting juvenile surfaces which form in the friction zone. The clay is heated and pulverized to produce a powder comprising both particles having crystalline layer structure and salts and oxides. The layered crystalline structure of the clay contains slip planes that transversely shift when tangential pressure from the friction pair is applied thereby lubricating the friction pair. The salts and oxides contribute to the formation of the ceramic-metal layer.

Abstract: A portable media player comprises an earphone transmission port, a detection circuit, a switch circuit, and a processor. The earphone transmission port mounted on the portable media player is electrically connected to a connector for receiving a signal or power transmitted from the connector. The detection circuit electrically connected to the earphone transmission port is used to detect a type of the connector for sending an informing signal. The switch circuit electrically connected to the earphone transmission port is used to switch between a signal inputting status and a signal outputting status according to the type of the connector. The processor electrically connected to the detection circuit and the switch circuit is used to receive the informing signal for turning on or off the switch circuit.

Abstract: Described herein are multifunctional compounds useful as devices for the delivery of nucleic acids to cells. Also described herein are methods for using the multifunctional compounds.

Abstract: A backpressure valve. The backpressure valve may be configured to maintain a substantially controlled pressure in coiled tubing uphole thereof while simultaneously being compatible with a pressure pulse tool downhole thereof. The backpressure valve includes pressure generating capacity below its internal valve assembly so as to avoid the tendency of the assembly to throttle open and closed. Furthermore, the pressure generation is achieved in a manner avoiding cavitation. As a result, once the backpressure valve is opened, the pressure pulse tool is able to reliably communicate with surface equipment at the oilfield.

Abstract: A backpressure valve. The backpressure valve may be configured to maintain a substantially controlled pressure in bottom hole assembly while simultaneously being compatible with a pressure pulse tool downhole thereof. The backpressure valve includes pressure generating capacity below its internal valve assembly so as to avoid the tendency of the assembly to throttle open and closed. Furthermore, the pressure generation is achieved in a manner avoiding cavitation. As a result, once the backpressure valve is opened, the pressure pulse tool is able to reliably communicate with surface equipment at the oilfield.

Abstract: A method of automatically playing text information in voice by an electronic device under strong light is applied to an electronic device (such as a mobile phone). The device includes a light sensor, a text to speech unit, and a display such as a liquid crystal display. The light sensor detects an intensity of ambient light, and when the intensity is greater than a predetermined value, the text to speech unit will convert text information (such as a textual description or short message) into corresponding voice signals, and an audio speaker (such as a loudspeaker or earphone) of the electronic device plays the voice signals. When users can not view the text information on the screen clearly under strong light, the electronic device can read the text information and play the text information in voice, and users can still listen to the desired text information under strong light by the method.

Abstract: A cell-targeted polymeric drug delivery system was designed based on the specific interaction between hyaluronic acid (HA) and its cell surface receptors overexpressed on cancer cell surface. The invention relates to compounds composed of a carrier molecule, wherein the carrier molecule contains at least one residue of an anti-cancer agent and at least one residue of a hyaluronic acid. The invention also relates to methods of making and using the compounds thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of therapy used in combination with a diagnostic tool for enhanced photodynamic therapy using MRI, called (magnetic resonance imaging)-guided photodynamic therapy. The methods of the present invention includes administration of MRI contrast agent labeled polymer photosensitizer conjugates, detection and localization of tumor or cancer tissues with contrast-enhanced MRI and specific illumination and treatment of localized target tissues, such as tumors or cancer cells, using laser energy. The delivered laser energy activates the photosensitizer accumulated in the target tissue, resulting in treatment. Also disclosed are novel conjugate compounds, such as PLGA-Mce6-DOTA-Gd complexes, having multi-functionality in that the complex may include an MRI contrasting agent linked to a photosensitizing agent.

Abstract: A polymer-carbon nanomaterial composite. The composite includes a polymer matrix; and plasma-modified carbon nanomaterials having surface functional groups attached thereto, wherein the carbon nanomaterial is selected from carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, carbon nanoparticles, carbon black, nanodiamond, fullerenes, or combinations thereof. The invention also involves a method of making a polymer-carbon nanomaterial composite, and a method of modifying carbon nanomaterials.

Abstract: A clean room shoe article, e.g., shoe, boot, safety shoe, safety boot. The article has a sole region. The article has an upper particle free polymer material having a toe region and an ankle region. The upper particle free polymer material is coupled to the sole region. The upper particle free polymer material is capable of enclosing a foot of a human user. The toe region houses an entirety of toes of the human user. The article has a steel toe housing member enclosing and protecting the entirety of the toes of the human user. The article has an enclosure provided in the toe region of the upper particle free polymer material. The enclosure is adapted to house the steel toe housing member. A sealing region is provided within a vicinity of the enclosure. The sealing region is adapted to maintain the steel toe housing member within the enclosure and is also adapted to open and remove the steel toe housing member from the enclosure provided in the toe region of the upper particle free polymer member.

Abstract: A communication apparatus with a network multimedia playback function includes a network dialup module, a multimedia module and a communication exchange module. The network dialup module can receive an electronic signal from a regular telephone wire and analyze the electronic signal to obtain an analog network packet or an audio/video packet, and processes the analog network packet into a network data and sends the network data to a computer. The multimedia module receives the audio/video packet from the network dialup module, and processes the audio/video packet into an audio/video data and sends the audio/video data to a display apparatus. The communication exchange module is provided with a voice splitter that analyzes the electronic signal to obtain a voice signal of low frequency and sends it to the communication exchange module. Thus, the communication apparatus provides the functions of a network connection, a multimedia playback, and a dialing of Internet phone.

Abstract: A loading tube for installation in the body of a perforating gun is disclosed. The loading tube holds a plurality of shaped charges whose detonation is electrically initiated, and the loading tube, when installed in the body, comprises at least a portion of the electrical circuit used to initiate detonation the shaped charge. In one embodiment, the loading tube comprises the hot portion of the electrical circuit, the body comprises the ground portion of the electrical circuit and the loading tube and the body are insulated from one another. Alternatively, the loading tube may comprise two distinct portions of conductive material which are electrically isolated from one another where the two portions of conductive material comprise the hot and ground portions of the electrical circuit. Additionally, a loading tube according to the present invention may comprise a conductor which is disposed in the loading tube near the outer surface of the loading tube and which is insulated from the loading tube.

Abstract: Improved inflatable packers are provided. A packer may be constructed from hybrid structures including slat structures and weave structures. A packer may include a bladder and a cover, with a plurality of slats disposed therebetween, and/or a weave structure or anti-extrusion layer disposed therebetween. The slats may vary in width and thickness, and be provided with a plurality of reinforcement members. The reinforcement members may be longitudinally and/or transversely disposed in the slats. One or more of the various components of the packer preferably include a fiber, a wire, a cable, a nanofiber, a nanotube, and/or a nanoparticle modified elastomer. Anchors may be attached to or embedded in the outer cover. The packer may include a carcass having an end coupling including a plurality of slats. Improved packer cups are also disclosed, and preferably include a body member reinforced with a nanotube or similar material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a packer cup system for use inside a wellbore comprising a packer cup and a backup component coupled thereto. In one configuration, the backup component further comprises an angled support member and a rubber ring disposed between the angled support member and the packer cup. The support member is configured to facilitate uniform expansion of the rubber ring.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a set top box for playing Web TV. The set top box includes a control unit, a network transmission interface, a data transmission interface, and a first interface. The set top box can be connected to a multimedia player through the first interface, such that a multimedia processing unit of the multimedia player can control the control unit and the multimedia processing unit to decode audio/video signals transmitted from the network transmission interface and the data transmitter, and output images and sounds. Therefore, through the multimedia processing unit of the multimedia player, the set top box is able to play Web TV. The invention also discloses a multimedia player, a system capable of playing Web TV, and a method of integrating the set top box and multimedia player for playing Web TV.

Abstract: An electronic player for implementing Internet telephony function and method therefof, wherein the electronic player comprises a connecting interface for establishing connection and communication between said electronics player and a computer; an audio signal controller for transmitting encoded audio signals between said computer and said electronic player according to an audio communication protocol; a central processing unit for handling encoding and decoding of the audio signals, providing digital-to-analog/analog-to-digital conversion, and exchanging audio data with said audio signal controller through said connecting interface; an audio input/output unit for inputting/outputting the audio signals; and a channel switching unit for switching said electronic player between a normal mode and an internet telephone mode, thereby said electronic player can not only work as a music player in a normal mode, but also serve as an internet telephone with call receiving and call dialing capability when connected to a

Abstract: A portable media player comprises an earphone transmission port, a detection circuit, a switch circuit, and a processor. The earphone transmission port mounted on the portable media player is electrically connected to a connector for receiving a signal or power transmitted from the connector. The detection circuit electrically connected to the earphone transmission port is used to detect a type of the connector for sending an informing signal. The switch circuit electrically connected to the earphone transmission port is used to switch between a signal inputting status and a signal outputting status according to the type of the connector. The processor electrically connected to the detection circuit and the switch circuit is used to receive the informing signal for turning on or off the switch circuit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a PHS (Personal Handyphone System) handset having a speaker shared by a ring circuit and a receiver circuit comprising a voice-frequency amplification circuit to convert the communicating signals into low power signals applicable to telephoning and producing voices corresponding to the low power signals with a predetermined volume by a speaker, and to convert ring signals of the PHS handset into high power ring signals and producing voices corresponding to the high power signals by the same speaker with a predetermined volume.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a network audio file receiver system for connecting a home stereo to a wide band network, which comprises a network audio file receiver coupled to a home stereo for receiving and playing audio files sent from an Internet radio via an Internet protocol sharing device and a wide band modem when the wide band modem is coupled to the Internet. When the network audio file receiver is not coupled to the Internet, the home stereo is still adapted to play audio files downloaded from the Internet and stored in the hard disk of the PC.

Abstract: Novel degradable macromolecular magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents for use in various diagnostic procedures, and methods for synthesizing, using and degrading these agents, are disclosed. The macromolecule contrast agents disclosed in various aspects of this invention are degradable gadolinium compounds which show prolonged plasma retention, and enhanced permeability and retention in solid tumors, but are still capable of being rapidly cleared from the body.