Abstract: A commutator has a plurality of commutator segments fixed to an insulating support member. The commutator segments are formed by cold or hot forming a copper billet cut from a length of copper wire. Each billet has a volume approximately equal to the volume of one commutator segment. Each commutator segment has a main body and an anchor integrally formed with the main body. The commutator segments are spaced about a circle and then an insulating support member is molded to the commutator segments to fix the commutator segments to the support member.

Abstract: Embodiments and processes of computer tomography perform tasks associated with denoising a reconstructed image using an anisotropic diffusion filter and adaptively weighting an iterative instance of the diffused image based upon the product of a weight value and a difference between the iterative instance of the diffused image and the original image. In general, the adaptive weighting is a negative feedback in the iterative steps.

Abstract: Photon starvation causes streaks and noise and seriously impairs the diagnostic value of the CT imaging. To reduce streaks and noise, a new scheme of adaptive Gaussian filtering relies on the diffusion-derived scale-space concept in one embodiment of the current invention. In scale-space view, filtering by Gaussians of different sizes is similar to decompose the data into a sequence of scales. As the scale measure, the variance of the filter linearly relates to the noise standard deviation of a predetermined noise model in the new filtering method. The new filter has only one optional parameter that remains stable once tuned. Although single-pass processing using the new filter generally achieves desired results, iterations are optionally performed.

Abstract: A medical imaging apparatus, processing device or specialized circuit can include an input interface to input scan data of a medical image scan of a target object, a processor to generate an output image from the input scan data, and an output interface to output the output image to, e.g., a display. The processor can execute a first reconstruction of the scan data to obtain an intermediate image of the target object, a high-density forward projection of the intermediate object to obtain generated data, a sinogram updating using both of the generated data and the scan data to obtain a high-resolution sinogram, and a second reconstruction based on the high-resolution sinogram to obtain an output image.

Abstract: Embodiments and processes of computer tomography perform tasks associated with denoising a reconstructed image using an anistropic diffusion filter and adaptively weighting an iterative instance of the diffused image based upon the product of a weight value and a difference between the iterative instance of the diffused image and the original image. In general, the adaptive weighting is a negative feedback in the iterative steps.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a dry instant porridge comprising the enzymatic hydrolysis of a milled carbohydrate-rich food blend by at least one amylase enzyme in an extruder and at low moisture content. The present invention also refers to a dry instant porridge or a fortified dry instant porridge obtainable by the above mentioned process.

Abstract: An apparatus including a camera housing having an aperture, a camera having an imaging axis disposed in the housing with a lens disposed adjacent the aperture providing a field of view extending outwards through the aperture, around the imaging axis of the camera, at least one light source that illuminates the field of view of the camera, the light source is in an annular space between the lens and periphery of the aperture, at least one flap that supports the at least one light source, the flap extends around the annular space, the flap is pivotally attached to the camera and periphery of the aperture and an actuator that moves the camera along the imaging axis.

Abstract: An apparatus including a camera housing having an aperture, a camera having an imaging axis disposed in the housing with a lens disposed adjacent the aperture providing a field of view extending outwards through the aperture, around the imaging axis of the camera, at least one light source that illuminates the field of view of the camera, the light source is in an annular space between the lens and periphery of the aperture, at least one flap that supports the at least one light source, the flap extends around the annular space, the flap is pivotally attached to the camera and periphery of the aperture and an actuator that moves the camera along the imaging axis.

Abstract: The present invention provides a modified starch, preparation method and use of the same, also provides a drilling fluid comprising the modified starch which contains bi-substituted starch structural units and tri-substituted starch structural units, wherein, the tri-substituted starch structural units are represented by the following formula (1), the bi-substituted starch structural units are the structural units represented by the following formula (2) and/or the structural units represented by the following formula (3), and the total content of the bi-substituted starch structural units and tri-substituted starch structural units accounts for 20 wt % or more of the modified starch, preferably 20-30 wt %, the weight-average molecular weight of the etherified starch is 50,000-600,000, preferably 80,000-580,000, wherein, R1, R2, and R3 are C1-C5 alkylene respectively, and M1, M2, and M3 are H, alkali metal element, or alkaline earth metal element respectively.

Abstract: Noise assessment is important to image quality evaluation as well as image processing. For example, the noise level estimation is used as criteria for terminating an iterative noise reduction process. To determine a meaningful noise level, the pixels in featureless regions are separated from the rest of the image. A new concept of pseudo-standard deviation (PSD) is introduced to automatically determine simple and reliable noise level estimates. Furthermore, a histogram of PSD is constructed with fine bins to calculate the moving average of the histogram. The first peak in filtered histogram gives the most representative noise measure as a desired approximation of true standard deviation.

Abstract: One technique performs noise removal substantially removing dot noise based upon pseudo-standard deviation (PSD). Another technique performs noise removal including the substantial removal of dot noise based upon Z-score with a punctured approach. The techniques are not limited to particular kernels and include both uniform and non-uniform kernels.

Abstract: Processing a neural signal sequence occurs in accordance with a neural signal spiking model that includes an exponential component (EC) and a polynomial component (PC). The exponential component is correlated with the presence of signal sequence noise, and the polynomial component is correlated with the presence of detectable signal sequence spikes distinguishable from the noise. A neural interface includes a frequency shaping amplifier (FSA) configured for receiving input signals; an amplifier gain stage and an analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) stage; a Hilbert transformer configured for performing a Hilbert transform upon neural signal data received from the ADC stage; a linear regression engine configured for estimating EC parameters and PC parameters corresponding to Hilbert transformed neural signal data; and a neural spike probability estimator configured for generating a neural spike probability map based upon the EC parameters and the PC parameters.

Abstract: Photon starvation causes streaks and noise and seriously impairs the diagnostic value of the CT imaging. To reduce streaks and noise, a new scheme of adaptive Gaussian filtering relies on the diffusion-derived scale-space concept in one embodiment of the current invention. In scale-space view, filtering by Gaussians of different sizes is similar to decompose the data into a sequence of scales. As the scale measure, the variance of the filter linearly relates to the noise standard deviation of a predetermined noise model in the new filtering method. The new filter has only one optional parameter that remains stable once tuned. Although single-pass processing using the new filter generally achieves desired results, iterations are optionally performed.

Abstract: Photon starvation causes streaks and noise and seriously impairs the diagnostic value of the CT imaging. To reduce streaks and noise, a new scheme of adaptive Gaussian filtering relies on the diffusion-derived scale-space concept in one embodiment of the current invention. In scale-space view, filtering by Gaussians of different sizes is similar to decompose the data into a sequence of scales. As the scale measure, the variance of the filter linearly relates to the noise standard deviation of a predetermined noise model in the new filtering method. The new filter has only one optional parameter that remains stable once tuned. Although single-pass processing using the new filter generally achieves desired results, iterations are optionally performed.

Abstract: A method for optimizing energy consumption of an application program for a DSP includes a program code generating unit is adapted to edit and generate a program code, a program compiling unit is adapted to receive the program code, and according to the program code and the instructional wise energy consumption database generate a plurality of assembly codes, and a DSP simulator adapted to receive the assembly codes and at least one stimulus to simulate the total and the amount of energy every instruction of the assembly codes consumes and transmit the results to the program compiling unit. The program compiling unit modifies the compiling scheme to recompile the program code and transmits the new assembly codes to the DSP simulator, until the simulation results reach or are lower than a predetermined energy consumption value.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a scanning device including an image sensing module, a first carrier, a second carrier and a holder. The image sensing module includes an image sensor for reading the image of an original document. The first carrier is for carrying the original document in a dynamic scanning mode. The second carrier is for carrying the original document in a static scanning mode. The holder, used for fixing the first carrier and the second carrier, includes a transitional portion disposed between the first carrier and the second carrier. There are a first distance between the image sensor and the bottom surface of the first carrier and a second distance between the image sensor and the bottom surface of the second carrier, wherein the first distance is greater than the second distance. The dual-mode design facilitates the assembly of carriers and avoids the dust entering the scanning device.

Abstract: Noise assessment is important to image quality evaluation as well as image processing. For example, the noise level estimation is used as criteria for terminating an iterative noise reduction process. To determine a meaningful noise level, the pixels in featureless regions are separated from the rest of the image. A new concept of pseudo-standard deviation (PSD) is introduced to automatically determine simple and reliable noise level estimates. Furthermore, a histogram of PSD is constructed with fine bins to calculate the moving average of the histogram. The first peak in filtered histogram gives the most representative noise measure as a desired approximation of true standard deviation.

Abstract: Photon starvation causes streaks and noise and seriously impairs the diagnostic value of the CT imaging. To reduce streaks and noise, a new scheme of adaptive Gaussian filtering relies on the diffusion-derived scale-space concept in one embodiment of the current invention. In scale-space view, filtering by Gaussians of different sizes is similar to decompose the data into a sequence of scales. As the scale measure, the variance of the filter linearly relates to the noise standard deviation of a predetermined noise model in the new filtering method. The new filter has only one optional parameter that remains stable once tuned. Although single-pass processing using the new filter generally achieves desired results, iterations are optionally performed.

Abstract: Embodiments and processes of computer tomography perform tasks associated with denoising a reconstructed image using an anistropic diffusion filter and adaptively weighting an iterative instance of the diffused image based upon the product of a weight value and a difference between the iterative instance of the diffused image and the original image. In general, the adaptive weighting is a negative feedback in the iterative steps.

Abstract: A developing system and method for optimizing the energy consumption of an application program for a DSP are provided.