Abstract: Techniques for supporting location services with roaming are described. A mobile station interacts with a home mobile positioning center (H-MPC) in a home network for location services even when roaming. The mobile station communicates with a visited network for a data session and receives a request for its location. The mobile station sends first information (e.g., SID and NID) indicative of its current network location to the H-MPC. The H-MPC determines a serving mobile positioning center (S-MPC) in the visited network based on the first information. The S-MPC determines a serving position determining entity (S-PDE) in the visited network based on the first information. Depending on the selected positioning method, the H-MPC may receive an S-PDE address or a position estimate of the mobile station from the S-MPC and may forward this information to mobile station. The mobile station may communicate with the S-PDE for positioning using the S-PDE address.

Abstract: An external counter-pulsation device in accordance with the present invention includes a solenoid valve (1) and a cylinder (2). A gas-supplying pipe (4) is connected between the solenoid valve (1) and the cylinder (2), for supplying gas to the cylinder (2). A piston (21) is positioned inside the cylinder (2). The piston (21) is connected with a pushing board (3) via a pushing pole (22). A soft medium layer (6) is secured on the inside surface of the pushing board (3), for preventing the body (5) of a patient from being injured. The cylinder (2) is secured to a holding board (8). Two ends of a surrounding strip (7) are fastened to the holding board (8), for confining the body (5). The cylinder applies gas with high pressure, so the gas consumption can be reduced and the external counter-pulsation device of the present invention has improved treatment results.